Objective:To observe the changes of structure and function of pharyngeal muscle in SD rats with altitude hypoxia induced obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS),in an attempt to investigate the remodeling of pharyngeal space and the possible biomechanical mechanism of OSAS.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats(12 male and 12 female) were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 6 rats in each group.Rats in group A and B were male and those in group C and D were female.Rats in group A and C were placed in altitude chamber and treated with altitude hypoxia 6 h per day for 22 days.The pressure in the chamber was 53.9 kPa with an oxygen concentration of 10.0%-11.2%.Rats in group B and D,serving as controls,received no treatment.All rats were sacrificed on the 23~(rd)day.The open-angle and the inside diameter of rats′ pharyngeal-ring and the pathology of pharyngeal tissues were examined in all rats.Results: The open-angles of rats′ pharyngeal-ring of group A, B,C and D were(55?24)?,(15?8)?,(38?20)?,and(35?15)?,respectively;and the inside diameters of the pharyngeal-ring(cm) were(0.4?0.2,) 0.2?0.1,0.3?0.1,and 0.3?0.1,respectively.The open-angle and the inside diameter of rats′ pharyngeal-ring in group A were significantly higher(P

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is one of the serious ocular complications of patients with diabetes mellitus and also the leading cause of blindness.Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is an effective treatment for severe vitreous hemorrhage and PDR.The intraocular concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of patients with PDR usually increase abnormally,which promote growth of neovessels and make it early to leak and bleed.Numerous neovessels in vitreous cavity and retinal surface can lead to intraoperative bleeding and may affect the definition and precision of operation and prolong surgical time.If we conduct gas/fluid exchange regardless of severe active bleeding,proliferate membrane may reoccur at a high rate postoperatively due to the residual platelet and impair the success rate of surgery seriously.In addition,with the high activity of neovessels,anterior chamber,vitreous and retinal hemorrhage may appear as well as other postoperative complications like postoperative high intraocular pressure caused by inflammation or hemorrhage and traction retinal detachment because of reoccurrence of fibro membrane,which directly affect the postoperative visual function recovery and long-term prognosis.As wide clinical application of anti-VEGF agents in recent years,studies found that preoperative intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs assisted PPV can limit the activity of neovessels and significantly reduce the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding,facilitate operation,shorten surgical time and improve the success rate of surgery.In this paper,the mechanism,effectiveness,clinical utility and safety of anti-VEGF therapy assisted vitrectomy for the treatment of PDR are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of rabeprazole combined with mosapride in the treatment of reflux esophagitis. Methods A total of 92 patients with reflux esophagitis admitted from April 2016 to April 2017 in our hospital were divided into study group and routine group (n = 46). The routine group was treated with omeprazole and Mosapride,the study group was treated with rabeprazole and mosapride. The clinical efficacy and adverse reactions in the two groups were observed and compared. Results The total effective rate was 91.30％ in the study group and 76.09％ in the conventional group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total effective rate of reflux symptoms, esophageal irritation and esophageal irritation was significantly higher in the study group than in the conventional group (P<0.05)The adverse reaction rate was 4.35％ in the study group and 6.52％ in the conventional group, the difference was not statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion In the course of clinical treatment of reflux esophagitis, attention should be paid to the two aspects of acid suppression and gastric motility. In the inhibition of acid, the effect of Bella is obviously higher than that of omeprazole. In gastric motility, mosapride in clinical effect is better. Reflux esophagitis by rabeprazole combined with mosapride treatment, clinical efficacy is significant, and adverse reaction rate is low, safe and reliable, worthy of clinical application.

The breast cancer stem cells are a subpopulatiom of breast tumor cells that selectively possess tumor initiation and self-renewal capacity. Recent findings suggest that it may correlate with the failure treatment and relapse of breast cancer. The isolation of phenotypically distinct tumorigenic of breast cancers will find a way to elucidation of the pathways that account for their tumorigenic potential to cure the disease.

With artificial intelligence,the authors designed an Expert System for the Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Lumbago.ESSDTL shows that it not only helps doctors to diagnose the illness of lumbago but also helps young doctors and medical students to gain experience by running practical cases and explaining their procedures for diagnosing and treting the diseases through ESDDTLexplanation facilities.

Acetyltransferases ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; Female ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; genetics ; physiopathology ; S100 Proteins ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Head ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Jaw Fractures ; surgery ; Maxillofacial Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Radiography, Dental, Digital ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND:An increasing number of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cels have the potential to treat acute kidney injury. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels have general characteristics of stem cels and many advantages, such as easy to isolate and culture, in vitrofast amplification, low immunogenicity and no ethical problems, which have garnered increasing attentions. OBJECTIVE:To study the repairing effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels on acute kidney injury in rats. METHODS: Thirty rats were randomized into three groups: a normal control group, a model group and a cel transplantation group. Rats in the model and cel transplantation were subjected to clamping the renal pedicles for 45 minutes, and then injected 1 mL of DAPI-labeled umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels or 1 mL of saline via the tail vein. In the normal control group, the kidney was only exposed with no treatment. At 7 days after treatment, the rats were kiled to take left kidney tissues for pathological observation under light microscope and right kidney for observation of DAPI-positive cel counting. Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum creatinine and urea ammonia levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the levels of serum creatinine and urea ammonia were significantly lower in the cel transplantation group (P < 0.05), suggesting that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels can improve the kidney function to a certain extent. Pathological findings showed that the pathological damage was improved more remarkably in the cel transplantation group than the model group, and the tubular necrosis index decreased significantly in the cel transplantation group. At 7 days after cel transplantation, blue fluorescent cels were scattered on renal tissue frozen sections. These results indicate that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cels can migrate to the injured tubular epithelial tissues, and promote the repair of the injured kidney.

Due to the high incidence and mortality of digestive system malignant tumor,so it is of great significance to make further research for digestive tract tumor.Platinum drugs,one of the traditional drugs which is used for the chemotherapy for digestive system tumor,which has been extensively applied to the chemotherapy for malignant tumor.However,the resistance to the drugs exerts a serious influence on its curative effect.At present,it is believed that the nucleotide excision repair(NER)constitutes one of the most important mechanisms which results in the resistance to platinum drugs,mainly because it causes the twisting of DNA helix by removing large numbers of platinum compounds.The nucleotide excision repair cross complementation group 1(ERCC1)plays an important role in the process of NER.The different expression of ERCC1 in peripheral blood and tumor tissue of patients with digestive sysem tumor has a close connection with therapeutic effect of the platinum-containing chemotherapy.This article aims to provide an overview of the relation between the ERCC1 research development and the curative effect of cisplatin chemotherapy for digestive system tumor.

Objective To detect the expression of IL-6 in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer,as well as the expressions of IL-6,IL-6 receptor(IL-6R) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in the neoplastic tissue in order to investigate the clinical significance of such expressions in looking for a convenient and effective way for the diagnosis and therapy of gastric cancer.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed for the parallel semi-determination of IL-6 levels in the peripheral blood of 30 patients with gastric cancer,as well as the levels of IL-6 and IL-6R in the neoplastic and adjacent tissues.The expression of PCNA in the neoplastic tissues was determined with immuno-histochemistry technique.Moreover,the correlation was comprehensively analyzed among IL-6,IL-6R,PCNA and the clinicopathologic findings of gastric cancers.Results The IL-6 levels in both peripheral blood and neoplastic tissues of 30 patients were significantly higher than those of the normal controls.The IL-6 levels in peripheral blood decreased significantly after operation;the IL-6 and IL-6R levels in cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in their adjacent tissues with a positive correlation between IL-6 and IL-6R levels.The expressions of IL-6,IL-6R and PCNA in both peripheral blood and neoplastic tissues of patients were positively related to the clinical manifestation of gastric cancer,including the differentiation degree of cancer cells,tumor size,infiltration extent and the metastasis of cancer cells.Conclusions IL-6,IL-6R and PCNA are the important factors which affect the degree of malignancy of the gastric cancer concerned,and they also,reflect the possibility of infiltration and metastasis of cancer cells.The IL-6 level in peripheral blood and the levels of IL-6,IL-6R and PCNA in tumor tissues of patients with gastric cancer are obviously high.The expression levels of all these factors are correlated with the clinicopathologic findings of gastric cancer.An adequate determination of IL-6 and PCNA is of benefit to the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer,and to the judgment of the course and prognosis of gastric cancer.