OBJECTIVE To investigate hand hygiene of healthcare workers in burn ward in our hospital and provide scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of hospital infection in burn ward.METHODS Selected randomly 30 healthcare workers in burn ward and sampled from hands for bacterial culture.RESULTS The average colony of hand pathogens of the 30 healthcare workers was 105.42 CFU/cm2,the maximam was 1093 CFU/cm2.Among the hand pathogens,40.91% were Bacillus subtilis,36.36% were micrococcus and 13.64% were Staphylococcus aureus.CONCLUSIONS Hand hygiene of healthcare workers are not optimistic in burn ward.Strengthening the education of hand hygiene and raising the executable rate of hand hygiene are important measures to prevent and control the hospital infection in burn ward.

BACKGROUND: Abnormal curvature of the cervical spine reflects in large measure the degenerative changes of the cervical vertebrae. OBJECTIVE: The effect of manipulative therapy has been recognized in restoring normal cervical curvature, and aimed to further probe into the effect of this therapy on blood flow velocity in the vertebrobasilar arteries of patients with cervical spondylosis. DESIGN: A non-randomized and controlled concomitant study. SETTING: Departments of Spinal Orthopaedics and General Sugery of a University hospital, and the Outpatient Department of Orthopaedic Institute of a college of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICI PANTS: From January 1999 to December 2001, 60 patients with cervical spondylosis were treated in the Department of Spinal Orthopaedics in Ruikang Hospital, Third Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Outpatient Clinic of Institute of Orthopaedics, Guangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The patients were divided into spondylosis group with abnormal curvature(30 cases) and spondylosis group without normal curvature(30 cases) . Thirty healthy subjects were also included to serve as the control group.METHODS: Manipulation was applied in these patients and the cervical curvature and blood flow velocity in the left vertebral artery (LVA) and right vertebral artery(RVA) as well as in the basilar artery(BA) were measured before and after the treatment for comparison. The correlation coefficients between them were also calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The cervical curvature before and after manipulation in spondylosis group and control group; ② The blood flow velocity in maximal systolic phase and end-diastolic phase in the specified arteries.RESULTS: The blood flow velocity in maximal systolic phase and end-diastolic phase decreased in LVA, RVA and BA in patients with abnormal cervical curvature, whose blood velocities in maximal systolic phase in these arteries was less than those in control subjects and patients with normal curvature ( P ＜ 0.05). After manipulation, the velocity in these arteries in creased apparently in patients with abnormal curvature. The changes in systolic velocity in LVA and systolic in BA were correlated to the curvature before manipulation, and after that, the maximal systolic velocity in LVA,maximal systolic velocity in RVA and BA were all related to the changes of the cervical curvature. CONCLUSION: Abnormal cervical curvature is the anatomical basis for abnormalities of the vertebrobasilar arteries. Manipulative therapy can restore the cervical curve and blood flow velocity in these arteries.

Nine compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of 95% ethanol extract of the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. with a combination of various chromatographic approaches, including MDS resin, silica gel, reverse phase C18 and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as (1R, 4R, 10R)-1β, 4α-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-5, 6-eudesmen-7-one (1), 1β, 4β-dihydroxy-11, 12, 13-trinor-8, 9-eudesmen-7-one (2), oxyphyllenone A (3), oxyphyllenone B (4), rhamnocitrin (5), staphylionoside D (6), benzyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1S)-phenylethylene glycol (8), and (S)-1-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Among them, compound 1 is a new sesquiterpene, named as oxyphyllenone C; compounds 8 and 9 are new natural products; compounds 2 and 6 were isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time, and compound 7 was isolated from A. oxyphylla for the first time.

From June 2008 to December 2012,video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS group) was performed for 24 cases of thymoma.Their operative procedures,postoperative complications,remission of myasthenia gravis (MG),perioperative mortality and oncological outcomes were compared with 19 cases of trans-sternal open thymectomy (OT group).Compared with OT group,VATS group had significantly shorter operation duration,less blood loss,shorter postoperative hospital stay,shorter chest tube duration and less chest drainage amount (P ＜ 0.05).The total rate of postoperative complications of VATS group was 4％ (1/24) and it was less than OT group (4/19) without significant difference (P ＞0.05).The effective remission rate of thymomatous MG was 7/9 in VATS group and it was similar to that in OT group (6/8,P ＞ 0.05).VATS group had a recurrent or metastatic rate of 0％ (0/23) and it was better than OT group with 1/17.And there was no significant inter-group difference (P ＞ 0.05).The total survival rate of VATS group was 100％ and it was similar to that of OT group (16/17,P ＞ 0.05).Thoracoscopic thymectomy is safe,feasible,efficacious and mini-invasive for thymoma.With fewer complications and a quicker recovery,it has similar short-term outcomes to conventional open thymectomy.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes and the prognostic factors for advanced squamous cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).Methods Totally 172 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage Ⅱ b-Ⅳ who were treated in Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2007 and December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were received external radiotherapy,high-dose rate brachytherapy and cisplatin-based chemotherapy concurrently.Results The median follow-up period was 54.5 months.The 2-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) were separately 81.5％ and 68.8％.The 2-year and 5-year progress-free survival (PFS) were separately 69.2％ and 63.1％.Using univariate analysis followed with multivariate analysis,the results showed that these clinicopathological factors including stage (Ⅲ and above versus Ⅱ b; P =0.021,HR =1.95 ; P =0.020,HR =1.86),maximum diameter of local tumor size (＞4 versus ≤4 cm; P =0.009,HR =2.55 ; P =0.033,HR =1.94),squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) level before treatment (＞3 versus ≤3 μg/L; P =0.010,HR =2.47; P =0.013,HR =2.09) and retroperitoneal lymph node status on imaging (para-aortic lymph node positive versus negative,P =0.009,HR =3.00,P=0.010,HR =2.74; pelvic lymph node positive only versus negative,P =0.044,HR =1.98,P =0.033,HR =1.92) had the significant effect on OS and PFS.Patients with no above adverse prognostic factor were assigned to Group A (n =18),those with one factor were assigned to Group B (n =43),and those with no less than two factors were assigned to Group C (n =1 11).Among three groups,the 2-year OS were separately 94.1％,97.7％ and 73.1％,the 5-year OS were separately 81.4％,90.1％ and 58.6％,the 2-year PFS were separately 88.2％,90.4％ and 57.9％,the 5-year PFS were 82.4％,87.9％ and 50.0％.The results showed that group C was significant difference from Group A or B in OS and PFS (all P ＜ 0.05),while Group A had no significant difference from Group B in OS and PFS (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Stage Ⅲ or above,maximum diameter of local tumor size ＞ 4 cm,SCC level ＞ 3 μg/L before treatment and positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes on imaging are four independent adverse factors for prognosis of squamous cervical cancer of advanced stage after CCRT.The treatment of patients with no less than two adverse factors should be considered to be improved.

This article develops a new failure database software for orthopaedics implants based on WEB. The software is based on B/S mode, ASP dynamic web technology is used as its main development language to achieve data interactivity, Microsoft Access is used to create a database, these mature technologies make the software extend function or upgrade easily. In this article, the design and development idea of the software, the software working process and functions as well as relative technical features are presented. With this software, we can store many different types of the fault events of orthopaedics implants, the failure data can be statistically analyzed, and in the macroscopic view, it can be used to evaluate the reliability of orthopaedics implants and operations, it also can ultimately guide the doctors to improve the clinical treatment level.
Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Orthopedics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Failure ; Software

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of Epirubi-cin hydrochloride-sorafenib-loaded Polylactic Acid-glycolic Acid Polymer(PLGA)embolic microspheres. METHODS:HPLC meth-od was adopted to determine the contents of epirubicin hydrochloride and sorafenib in the preparation,and then drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were calculated by formula. The determination was performed on Phenomenex Luna 5u C8(2) 100A col-umn with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(containing 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid and 0.14% dium dodecyl sulfate)(75:25,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 252 nm,and the column temperature was maintained at 25℃. The injection volume was 10μL. RESULTS:The linear ranges were 2.020-101.00μg/mL for epirubicin hydrochloride(r=0.9998)and 2.048-102.40 μg/mL for sorafenib(r=0.9997),respectively. The limits of quantification were 3.2970,2.5468 μg/mL, respectively. The detection limits were 0.9891,0.7641 μg/mL,respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were all less than 2.0%. The recoveries were 96.41%-101.80%(RSD=1.64%,n=9),99.46%-101.45%(RSD=0.70%,n=9),re-spectively. Drug loading of two components in 3 batches of samples were no lower than 1.17%,encapsulation efficiency no lower than 58%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,can be used to determine drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of Epirubicin hydrochloride-sorafenib PLGA embolic microspheres.

According to teaching practice,the authors discuss the problems on teaching exploratory experiment of experimental physiology sciences and propose some reflection and suggestions.

Objective To investigate the application of preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) in selective operation.Methods Retrospective investigations and analysis were carried out in clinical datas of 1 026 patients of PABD in selective operation from January 2016 to may 2017,comparing with those who had not performed PABD in the same time.Results ①The surgeries of PABD were mainly neurosurgery,urology,orthopedics,gynecology and hepatobiliary surgery,respectively,which accounted for 5.97％,4.90％,3.78％,3.76％ and 3.55％ of the patients in the same period;②The rate of transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells of selective operation in PABD group of neurosurgery,urology,orthopedics,gynecology and hepatobiliary surgery were 5.66％,2.51％,4.89％,0 and 4.88％,respetively,while not performed PABD group were 25.46％,28.58％,24.77％,10.62％ and 17.54％,respetively;③The rate of transfusion of the group of hemoglobin (Hb)＜ 120 g/L is significantly higher than those Hb is (120-129.9) g/L,(130-139.9)g/L and ≥ 140 g/L(7.65％vs 2.44％,3.66％ and 2.70％,P＞0.05).Conclusion ①PABD is mainly carried out in neurosurgery,urology,orthopedics,gynecology and hepatobiliary surgery;②The group of Hb＜ 120 g/L has a high rate transfusion of allogeneic erythrocyte in selective operations;③Only the PABD is improved can patients make benefit from it.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, ultrasound microbubble gene transfer system has been applied for gene transfection in many parts of the body, but it has been seldom reported to be used for gene transfection in bone parts. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficiency and feasibility of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction applied for transfection of enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmid into the femoral head of rabbits.METHODS: Japanese big-ear rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: bare transfection, pre-irradiation + bare transfection, ultrasound transfection, pre-irradiation+ultrasound transfection, and repeatable transfection. In the first two groups, ultrasound-targeted gene transfection and irradiation was not used, but in the latter three groups, ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction was used to transfect enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) plasmid into the femoral head of rabbits. At 1 week after transfection, EGFP expression in femoral head was observed under the fluorescence microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: EGFP expression appeared in the ultrasound transfection, pre-irradiation + ultrasound transfection and repeatable transfection. The transfection efficiency of EGFP plasmid was significantly higher in the repeatable transfection group than in the other groups (P < 0.01). Obvious injury loci were not observed in the soft tissue and bone tissue slices of ultrasonic irradiation parts in the ultrasound transfection, pre-irradiation + ultrasound transfection and repeatable transfection groups. These results confirm that ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction is a safe and effective method to transfect EGFP plasmid into the femoral head of rabbits.