Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Sclerosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Spleen ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of leptin and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in formation of liver fibrosis in rats,and the role of leptin in liver fibrosis.Methods Six rats were served as normal control(0 week)and killed at the beginning of the study.Thirty-two rats were subcutaneously injected with 60%CCl4 to establish fibrotie models.The rats were than sacrificed at 3,6,9 and 12 weeks with eight each.Expressions of leptin mRNA,Ob-Rb mRNA,TGF-β1 mRNA and TGF-βRⅡmRNA in liver were detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Expression of Smad3 and Smad7 proteins were determined by Western blot.The expression and loealization of leptin,Ob-Rb and TGF-β1 in liver tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of leptin mRNA,Ob-Rb mRNA,TGF-β1 mRNA and TGF-βR Ⅱ mRNA in 0 week were 0.43±0.45,0.57±0.21,0.19±0.12 and 0.30±0.22,respectively,and increased to 1.27±0.19,1.70±0.29,1.70±1.00 and 2.14±1.02 at 12 weeks(P＜0.05).At the same times the level of Smad3 increased from 0.44±0.24 at 0 week to 1.75±1.05 at 12 weeks.While the expression of Smad7 was decreased from 1.35±0.12 at 0 week to 0.74±1.21 at 12 weeks(P＜0.05).The expressions of leptin,Ob-Rb and TGF-β1 were increased with the formation of the fibrosis(P＜0.01).Conclusions With the development of liver fibrosis,the expressions of leptin,Ob-Rb mRNA and protein are increased and improved the formation of the fibrosis.Its mechanisms may be correlated with up-regulation of TGF-β1,TGF-βR Ⅱ and Smda3 expressions and down-regulaton of Smad7 expression by leptin.

AIM: To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning(IPC) on expression of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) in rat smallfor-size liver graft and its significance.METHODS: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=10 pairs/group): nonwarm ischemia group(NWI);warm ischemic group(WI);and ischemic preconditioning group(IPC).The models of rat small-for-size liver transplantation were set up by two-cuff technique.Expression of eNOS mRNA and iNOS mRNA in hepatic tissue were detected by fluorescence-quantitating-PCR.RESULTS: Heptic expression of eNOS mRNA post-IPC was higher than that pre-IPC(P0.05).It was higher in IPC group than that in NWI and WI group(P

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Shenqi fuzheng injection combined with Nimodipine tablet on blood indica-tors of cerebral infarction patients in the recovery period. METHODS:58 patients diagnosed as cerebral infarction in the recovery period were collected and randomly divided into control group and trial group,with 29 cases in each group. Control group was giv-en Nimodipine tablet 30 mg,tid;trial group was additionally given Shenqi fuzheng injection 250 ml,qd,ivgtt. Both group re-ceived 14 d of treatment. After treatment,the levels of serum hs-CRP,Fractalkine,tPA,PAI-1,blood rheology index and plasma fibrinogen(FIB)were observed in 2 groups. RESULTS:After treatment,the levels of serum hs-CRP,Fractalkine,blood rheology index PAI-1 and FIB decreased in trial group,while tPA activity increased;there was statistical significance between trial group and control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Shenqi fuzheng injection combined with Nimodipine tablet can significantly im-prove the serum hs-CRP and Fractalkine levels,blood rheology indicators,PAI-1 and FIB,and improve tPA activity.

Objective The paper analyzes the operating patterns of the outpatient process and identifies the links needing reengineering so as to provide scientific basis for the optimal allocation of outpatient resources and process reengineering and prove the rationality and feasibility of using the queuing theory. Methods Using the methods of the queuing theory, the service time and the patients' arrival time at such service links as registration, billing and accounting, internal medicine, and gynecology in the outpatient department of a certain hospital were measured and the operational indexes at various links such as service intensity, average queuing length, average queuing time, average stay, probability of the service desks being idle, and the probability of the patients having to wait were calculated so as to estimate the rational number of service desks and the optimal value of the sum of the cost of waiting and the cost of service. Results Registration, billing and accounting , service intensity in internal medicine, personnel allocation, and queuing time were basically rational in the outpatient department of the hospital surveyed. One more physician should be added to the gynecology department so as to improve efficiency and reduce patients' waiting time and queuing length. There was currently a shortage of medical staff in the hospital. The cost of hospital input was moderate while the cost of waiting was on the high side. Conclusion It is rational and feasible to evaluate the efficiency of the outpatient process with the methods of the queuing theory. The method deserves to be spread.

OBJECTIVETo study the kinetogenic effects of serum containing Semen Arecae, Dandelion, Semen raphani and Atractylodes macrocephala on the colonic smooth muscle cells of rats.

METHODSSerum containing Chinese materia medicas was made according to standard methods. Smooth muscle cells were isolated from the muscle layers of Wistar rat's colon, referred to modified Bitar's method. The contractile response of colonic smooth muscle cells to serum containing Chinese materia medicas (10%, 50%, 100% concentration) and other medicines (blank and 1 x 10(-3) mol/L acetylcholine) were separately observed. The contractility was presented by the decrease of the cell length between the drug groups and the control.

RESULTSSerum containing each Chinese materia medica can make dose-dependent contraction at different concentrations (P < 0.05), but the strongest effect of each serum had no significant difference (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSerum containing Semen Arecae, Dandelion, Semen raphani and Atractylodes macrocephala can make notable contraction on colonic smooth muscle cells in rats.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Colon ; cytology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) level in a hamster model bearing cheek pouch carcinoma after heavy ion beams irradiation.

METHODSThe serum levels of IL-2 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay in 40 hamsters bearing cheek pouch carcinoma before and after exposure to heavy ion beam irradiation, with 8 normal animals as control.

RESULTSSerum IL-2 level was 0.16∓0.01 in the tumor-bearing hamsters before the irradiation, lower than that in the control group. After heavy ion beams irradiation at 4, 6, 8, and 12 Gy, serum IL-2 levels in the tumor-bearing hamsters were 0.18∓0.04, 0.22∓0.05, 0.15∓0.03, and 0.13∓0.04, respectively, showing a peak level after irradiation at 6 Gy and an obvious decrease following irradiation at greater doses.

CONCLUSIONHeavy ion beam irradiation causes alterations in serum IL-2 level with a dose-effect relation between them in hamsters bearing cheek pouch carcinoma.

Animals ; Cheek ; pathology ; Cricetinae ; Female ; Heavy Ions ; therapeutic use ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Mouth Neoplasms ; blood ; radiotherapy

AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanism of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) assisted pars plana vitrectomy ( PPV) in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR) . ·METHODS: A total of 92 patients ( 92 eyes ) with PDR treated by PPV were divided into the simple PPV group (41 patients with 41 affected eyes) and the combined treatment group ( 51 patients with 51 affected eyes ) according to whether the patient underwent intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab ( IVR) . The combined treatment group was treated with IVR at 5-7d before PPV. The surgical time, times of electrocoagulation, silicone oil filling rate, the incidence of postoperative complications, LogMAR BCVA of affected eyes, levels of VEGF and pigment epithelium derived factor ( PEDF ) in aqueous humor and vitreous body were compared between the two groups. ·RESULTS:The surgical time was shorter, the times of electrocoagulation was less, the silicone oil filling rate and the incidence rates of iatrogenic retinal hole and vitreous body hematocele were lower in the combined treatment group than in the simple PPV group (P<0. 05). Levels of VEGF and PEDF in aqueous humor and vitreous body of the combined treatment group during PPV were lower than those in the simple PPV group (P<0. 05). The LogMAR BCVA of the affected eyes of the combined treatment group in 3mo after surgery was better than that of the simple PPV group (P<0. 05). ·CONCLUSION:IVR combined with PPV can reduce the perioperative levels of VEGF and PEDF, reduce the times of electrocoagulation and the incidence of iatrogenic retinal hole and vitreous body hematocele, and improve the visual acuity of patients with PDR.

Scavenger receptor CD36 could bind and endocytose oxLDL into macrophages which were then differentiated into foam cells that constitute the atherosclerotic lesion core, and was considered to be a potential target to treat atherosclerosis. In the establishment of the compound library of berberine (BBR, 1) analogues, we discovered that 13-hexylberberine (2) showed an antagonistic activity against CD36. Taking 2 as the lead compound, 21 derivatives were synthesized and their antagonistic activities were evaluated via an ELISA-like high-throughput screening (HTS) model. The primary structure-activity relationships were studied. It was indicated that the introduction of suitable groups at the 2- and 3-position of the aromatic ring A or at the 9-position of the aromatic ring D could enhance the activity. Among the 21 studied compounds, 7g bearing a benzyloxyl group at the 9-position provided a highest CD36 antagonistic activity with the IC50 value of 7.7 micromol L(-1). Besides, its antagonistic activity was further verified with Sf9 insect cell HTS model. So berberine analogues are a new family of CD36 receptor antagonists and worthy to be studied further.

Objective To evaluate the repairing effect of pedicle omentum on severe ureteral in-jury. Methods Twenty healthy dogs were randomized into the experiment group and the control group. Firstly the model of severe ureteral injury was made. In experimental group, the pedicle omen-turn were used to wrap up the severe injured ureter, but which was no done in control group. Urinary fistula and ureteral necrosis were observed. At 12 weeks postoperatively,the models were re-operated to investigate whether the severe injured ureters had healed. Angiogenesis, VEGF and its receptor KDR were also examined in stoma and surrounding tissue histopathologically. Results No urinary fistula was observed in experimental group, but 2 cases in control group were dead because of recurrent abdominal cavity infection after the formation of urinary fistula. The mucosa and smooth muscle of stoma were completely regenerated, and the blood vessels were regenerated more significantly in expe-rimental group than in the control group. In experimental group, the VEGF and KDR were over-ex-pressed, and the positive cell rates were (12. 65±0. 02)% and (10. 23±0. 03)%. But in control group, the stoma were not healed, and severe ureters1 strictures were observed in all dogs. Angiogene-sis was not signifieant, the VEGF and KDR positive cell rates were (1.54±0. 03)% and (2. 654± 0.04)%, respectively. Conelusions Pedicled omentum can promote the repair of severe ureteral in-jury. The mechanism may be the over expression of VEGF and KDR in prompting angiogenesis.