Objective: To optimize the extraction process for Huazhuoqingshen Capsules (Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, etc.) Methods: The process was studied by orthogonal design with yield of extract, the content of hesperidin and emodin as the detective markers. Results: The optimum process was that 60% alcohol was used as extracting solution, adding 8 times amount of solution, extracting 3 times (1h each time.) Conclusion: The content of valid was high and its stability was good when the extraction was used. This extraction process was suitable for industrial production.

Abstract： Objective　To analyze the changes of cytokine levels in patients with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods　The clinical data of 213 pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2019 to October 2020 were collected, and divided into a sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis group and a drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis group, of which 141 were in the sensitive group and 72 in the drug-resistant group , and the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-17, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared. Results　Compared with the healthy group, the levels of plasma IL-6 in the sensitive group and the resistant group were significantly increased, difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in the sensitive group were increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of IL-6 and IL-4 in the plasma of the sensitive group after 6 months of treatment were lower than those after 3 months of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and IFN-γ was significantly decreased (P<0.001). After 6 months of treatment, the IL-10 content was lower than that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the IFN-γ decreased significantly (P<0.000 1). The levels of IFN-γ at 3 months were higher than those in the resistant group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After 6 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the content of IFN-γ between the sensitive group and the resistant group. The effective rate of CT absorption was 70% in the sensitive group and only 43.33% in the resistant group at 3 months of treatment, and there was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions　Detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma can provide reference for host-directed therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis. Understanding this important feature of cytokines on pathogen-host interactions can provide new insights into the study of virulence mechanisms and may provide new approaches for immune intervention in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Hepaticbililary surgery interventional therapy is a technique which applied to hepaticbilliary diseases for diagnosis and treatment presently.With the development and widespread of interventional therapy technology,there are increasing demands for interventional doctors.But the interventional therapy with invasive and radioactive makes itself impossible for interns to have much chance of actual practice,which becomes the "bottleneck"of the technology development of teaching.Computer-assisted instruction has become an important approach in medical education.It is possible that multimedia courseware can break through the "bottleneck".So we decide to design and make a kind of multimedia courseware adapted to hepaticbililary surgery intentional therapy to improve quality and efficiency of teaching

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cytarabine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vidarabine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the anesthesia effect of dezocine and pentazocine in painless artificial abortion, in order to provide a basis for safe use of anesthesia drug in clinical practice. Methods Totally,300 patients undergoing painless artificial abortion were included in this study.The patients were randomly divided into four groups: group A (simple propofo), group B ( propofol combined with fentanyl) ,group C ( propofol combined with dezocine) and group D ( propofol combined with pentazocine)(n=75 each).Four groups of patients were intravenously injected with propofol (1-1.5 mg?kg-1) according to the situation in operation when necessary to maintain anesthesia effect.Heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),arterial oxygen saturation ( SpO2 ) and respiratory frequency were observed and recorded before induction,after induction,at the beginning of the operation,during operation and anesthesia recovery. The onset time of anesthesia, the recovery time, the recovery time of orientation,the postoperative pain score and the incidence of adverse reaction of the four groups were recorded. Results All of the patients achieved good effects of anesthesia in operations. There was no significant difference in the onset time of anesthesia (P>0.05).Awakening time and time of orientation recovery in groups B,C and D were significantly shorter than those in group A (P<0.05).The dosages of propofol in group C and D were significantly less than those in group A and B (P<0.05).The changes of HR,MAP,SpO2 and respiratory frequency after induction were not significantly different in group B,C and D (P>0.05),but the changes were relatively stable as compared with group A (P<0.05).The rates of adverse reactions in group B,C and D were significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05).The incidence rates of respiratory depression,nausea and vomiting in group C and D were significantly lower than those in group A and B (P<0.05).The postoperative pain scores of VAS in group B,C and D were significantly lower than that of group A (P<0.05). Conclusion The analgesia effects of dezocine and pentazocine are similar.Application of them can reduce the dosage of propofol and shorten the anesthesia awakening time in painless artificial abortion,at the same time they have less adverse reactions,and they are safe and effective to be used in clinical anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the expression of extracellular signal regulated kinase(ERK) in human gastric cancer and evaluate the relationship between ERKs protein level and clinicopathological parameters. Method Western blot was used to measure the activity and expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 proteins and immunohistochemistry was used for localization in 42 gastric cancer patients.Results ERK 1 and ERK 2 protein levels increased in gastric cancer tissues in comparison to normal tissues ( P 0 05). Expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 showed a positive linear correlation (r=0 550, P

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Sclerosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Spleen ; pathology ; Splenic Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To develop an early diagnosis strategy for radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma after breast cancer radiotherapy (RABASBCR) and to avoid the misdiagnosis of this disease.Methods A systematic search of PubMed for published reports of RABASBCR cases was performed.The clinical manifestations and radiological features in the early stage of disease,as well as biopsies,were analyzed to screen out valuable markers for early diagnosis and develop the early diagnosis strategy for RABASBCR.Results Fifty-five original articles involving 80 RABASBCR patients were selected for this analysis.Twenty-four (30％) of the 80 patients were misdiagnosed;the median time of misdiagnosis was 3 months (1-24 months).The earliest symptom was skin changes in 76 (95％) of the 80 patients.The misdiagnosis rates of ultrasound,mammography,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging for RABASBCR were 9/9,31/32,2/2,and 1/5,respectively.The misdiagnosis rates of fine needle biopsy,core needle biopsy,and incisional biopsy were 7/14,12/25,and 10/26,respectively.Conclusions By analyzing published case reports,we have set up the early diagnosis strategy for RABASBCR with reference to the Cahan criteria.

Objective To learn the species distrilbution and drug-resistance of Gram-negative bacilli among bloodstream infections (BSI) in Yunnan province of China during 2012 to 2014.Methods Bloodstream infected Gram-negative bacilli were collected from 28 general hospitals in Yunan province of China.Data from all hospitals were applied with the same method of bacteria culture,isolation,identification and antibiotic sensitivity tests.WHONET 5.6 was used to perform the statistical analysis.Results A total of 9042 clinical strains of non-repetitive gram-negative bacilli were collected.Enterobacteriaceae and Non-fermenter bacteria accounted for 82.4％ and 17.6％ respectively.Enterobacteriaceae were mainly composed of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Non-fermenter bacteria were mainly composed of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aerouginosa.Escherichia coli accounted for the majority 49.29％,other species were Klebsiella pneumoniae 13.17％,Acinetobacter baumannii 4.04％ and Pseudomonas aeroginosa 3.85％.The susceptible rate of Enterobacteriaceae strains to the first generation cephalosporin was lower than 60％.The susceptible rate of E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to impenem was close to 100％,to Amikacin was more than 85％,to piperacillin-tazobactam was more than 70％,to Cefepime was more than 70％.But the susceptible rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to impnem and amikacin decreased year by year from 2012 to 2014.The susceptible rate of Enterobacter cloacae to Amikacin was 86.4％ ～ 93.6％,Ciprofloxacin 70.5 ～ 76％,Cefepime 72.1 ～ 82.8％.It was less than other Enterobacteriaceae.The susceptible rate of Non-fermenter bacteria to normal antibiotics was much lower than Enterobacteriaceae.The susceptible rates of Pseudomonas aeroginosa to Impnem was 58.9％,Tobramycin 85％,Ciprofloxacin 71.7％,Amikacin 82.9％,Piperacillintazobactam 75.3％,Piperacillin59.6％,Atreonam 46.5％,Ceftazidime 69.1％ and Cefepime 68.9％ respectively.Furthermore,Acinetobacter baumannii's durg-resistance was more severe.The susceptible rate of Acinetobacter baumannii was lower than 30％,to the third and fourth generation cephalosporin,the susceptible rate of Ampicillin/Sulbactam,Cefoperazone/Sulbactam,Carbapenems,Piperacillin/Tazuobatan,Quinolones and Carbapenems was less than 40％.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli have low susceptibilities among BSI.E.coli is the most common pathegon among BSI.The resistant rate of Non-fermenter bacteria to normal antibiotics is severe in hospitals.

Objective To explore the mechanism and therapeutic effects of wet dressing with 50％ magnesium sulfate ( MgSO4 ) as a part of comprehensive treatment for wound resulted from pit viper bites in children.Methods A total of 61 children with pit-viper-bitten wound enrolled from May 2009 through May 2011 were divided into two groups,namely the comprehensive treatment group (n =31 cases) and the conventional treatment group (n =30 eases). In the comprehensive treatment group,50％ magnesium sulfate wet dressing applied to the swelling parts of body in the early stage in addition to the conventional treatment and topically bandaged once a day keeping wet with spraying saline on the top of dressing.Before the treatment and on the 1st day,the 3rd day and the 5th day of treatment,the values of myocardial enzyme and the circumference of swelling parts were recorded,and the differences were analyzed by t- test.The differences in rate of wound healing in one week between two groups were analyzed by chi-square test.Results Before the treatment,there was no statistical difference in clinical features between the two groups with different modes of treatment for the viper-bitten children (P ＞ 0.05 ). During comprehensive treatment,the values of myocardial enzyme and the circumference of swelling parts decreased more markedly than those in conventional treatment group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The rates of wound healing in one week of two groups were 80.5％ and 56.6％ respectively.Conclusions The comprehensive treatment with adjuvant of 50％ MgSO4 for the viper-bitten children can effectively reduce the tissue damage caused by venom,and the swelling as well,restoring function of body and shortening the time for wound healing and preventing complications.