Objective To study the isolation and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from patients with brain damage in hyperbaric oxygenation department,so as to provide reference for clinical anti-infective treatment.Methods Bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of pathogens isolated from blood,sputum,and urine specimens of 975 patients with brain damage in the hyperbaric oxygenation department of a hospital between January 2013 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 1 328 strains of pathogens were detected,877(66.04%)of which were gram-negative bacteria,213(16.04%)were gram-positive bacteria,and 238(17.92%)were fungi.The top five isolated pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,and Candida albicans.Specimens mainly isolated from sputum and urine,accounting for 58.59%and 35.24%respectively,resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,and Escherichia coli to imipenem were 16.67%,81.82%,82.44%,and 4.65%respectively.Vancomycin-resistant strains was not found among gram-positive bacteria,resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis to most antimicrobial agents were lower than those of Enterococcus faecium.Conclusion Respiratory and urinary tract infection account for most of the infection in patients with brain damage in hyperbaric oxygenation department,gram-negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens causing infection.

Objective:To investigate the effect of dimethyl amiloride (DMA) on invasive activity of PGCL3 cells from a human highly-metastatic lung carcinoma cell line in vitro and elucidate its possible mechanism. Methods:The invasion and migration capacities of PGCL3 cells were measured by using Transwell chamber assay after pretreatment with DMA. The effects of DMA on the activity of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) secreted by PGCL3 cells were measured by chromogenic substrate assay. The effects of DMA on uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), and PAI-1 mRNAs transcription were determined by RT-PCR. The expression levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases 2 (ERK2) and ras protein were assessed by Western blot. Results:DMA inhibited invasion and migration capabilities of PGCL3 cells in vitro, down-regulated the mRNA transcription of uPA, uPAR and PAI-1, as well as up-regulated the expression of ras protein. After 24-hour treatment, DMA reduced the activity of uPA at higher concentration, but DMA had no effects on the activity of secreted PAI-1 protein and expression of ERK2 protein. Conclusion:DMA inhibits the invasion and migration of highly-metastatic lung cancer PGCL3 cells. The mechanism might be associated with down-regulation of the expression of uPA system.

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a newly discovered class of endogenous,evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs involved in posttranscriptional gene regulation. Functionally speaking,miRNAs act as key regulators in a wide variety of biological processes,including cell proliferation,cell differentiation,apoptosis,metabolism,developmental timing,signal transduction and tumor. Recent publications have provided compelling evidence that a range of miRNAs are involved in the regulation of immunity,including the innate immunity,proliferation of monocytes and neutrophils,the development and differentiation of B and T cells,infection and immunity,and the release of inflammatory mediators. In this review,we examine what is presently known of the function and mechanism of these miRNAs in the regulation of the innate and acquired immune response.

Objective: To investigate the effect of amiloride on in vitro invasive activity and uPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator)system of human highly metastatic lung carcinoma cell line PGCL3. Methods: At 6 hours after treatment with amiloride at the concentrations of 25μmol/L，50μmol/L and 100μmol/L for PGCL3 cells，Transwell Chamber assay was performed to detect the effect of amiloride on the invasive and migratory capacity of PGCL3 cells.Effect of amiloride on the activity of uPA and PAI-1(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1)secreted by PGCL3 cells were measured by chromogenic substrate assay after PGCL3 cells were incubated with amiloride for 24 hours.RT-PCR was used to analyze the effect of amilorede on mRNA levels of uPA，uPAR(urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor)and PAI-1.The expression levels of uPA，ERK2(extracellular regulated protein kinases 2)and ras protein were assessed by Western blot. Results: The number of cells through membrane was significantly decreased in invasion and migration test in vitro.The inhibitory rates of invasion and migration after treatment with amiloride of 100μmol/L were 37.7%±4.1%and 64.9%±4.9%.respectively,with a significant difference from those in the control group(P<0.01).At 24 hours after amiloride treatment，the chromogenic substrate assay showed direct inhibition of the activity of uPA and PAI-1 secreted by PGCL3 cells.No effect on the expression of uPAR in mRNA level was observed,but the expression of PAI-1 in mRNA level was significantly inhibited.Amiloride of 100μmol/L dramatically inhibited the expression of uPA mRNA.The expression level of uPA protein was decreased with the increase of the concentration of amiloride,but no effect was observed on the expression of ERK2 and ras in protein level.Conclusion: Amiloride can inhibit the invasion and migration of PGCL3 cells,through inhibiting the expression and activity of uPA and PAI-1.Amiloride is a potential agent to inhibit cancer invasion and metastasis.

Objective To explore the factors related to the outcome of idiopathic facial palsy. Methods 308 patients with idiopathic fa-cial palsy were included. The data of clinic and follow-up were collected from January, 2010 to December, 2014. The data were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results 210 cases (68.2%) were cured (good group) and 98 cases (31.8%) appeared sequelae of different de-grees (poor group). The age, onset of disease, type of disease, damaged section, impaired glucose control, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ra-tio (NLR), high blood glucose, high blood triglyceride, time and methods of invention were significant factors related to the outcome (P<0.05). Conclusion Old, servious facial nerve injury, Hunt's palsy, high damaged section, poor glucose control in the patients with diabetes, high NLR, high blood triglyceride, delay and simple invention are independent risk factors for the poor outcome of idiopathic facial palsy.

Adult ; Altitude ; Arteries ; metabolism ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Humans ; beta-Endorphin ; blood

Background and purpose:MiR-224 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, and participate in invasion and metastasis of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of miR-224 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) on the proliferation and apoptosis of Hep3B cells.Methods:After transfection with miR-224 ASO, and detecting the miR-224 mRNA expression of Hep3B cells by real-time quantitative PCR; the miR-224 expression in Hep3B cells was measured and cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay and the colony formation experimentin vitro andin vivo. The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:Compared with the control group, miR-224 ASO significantly reduced the miR-224 mRNA expression in the Hep3B cell(P<0.05), MTT assay results showed that Hep3B cells survived rate decreased greatly after transfection with miR-224 ASO. Clone formation assay revealed that the colony formation rate in miR-224 ASO group was significantly lower than that in the control group.In vivo study further confirmed that miR-224 ASO could inhibit the proliferation of Hep3B cells,and miR-224 ASO group grew substantially slow compared with the negative control. Flow cytometry indicated that miR-224 ASO group promoted apoptosis significantly.Conclusion:miR-224 was overexpressed in Hep3B cells. Reducing the expression of miR-224 can effectively inhibit the growth of Hep3B cells and promote apoptosis. miR-224 may become a new target for the regulation of gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the changes of the white matter in adolescent depression by using the method of tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Methods We employed TBSS to examine WM microstructure in 35 treatment-naive adolescents with clinical depression and in 40 matched controls. By using the TBSS, we compared the difference of fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD) between theadolescent patients with depression and the controls. Results Our analysis revealed the abnormal WM microstructures in the clinically depressed adolescents. The whole-brain analysis revealed that patients, with lower FA values in the body of the corpus callosum (CC) (P < 0.01), had elevated RD and MD (P < 0.01), and preserved AD (P > 0.05). The FA values in the body of the corpus callosum was negatively correlated with the severity of depression (P < 0.01). Conclusions Our findings suggest that WM abnormalities are involved in the path-physiology of depression. Importantly , our findings show that these WM abnormalities present early in the course of the disorder.

Objective To study the characteristics and differences of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and the fractional ALFF (fALFF) of the major disorder depression (MDD) and their first-degree relatives in the resting state by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI),to understand the early brain function in patients with MDD.Methods 3.0T fMRI in the resting state was performed in 10 patients with MDD (the depression group),10 first-degree relatives of MDD (the first-degree relatives group) and 10 healthy volunteers (the control group).A statistics analysis of ALFF and fALFF were performed subsequently.Results The ALFF and fALFF values measured in left cerebellum, left precuneus and left medial prefrontal cortex of MDD group were significantly lower than those of the first-degree relatives group (P<0.05).The ALFF values measured in right posterior cingulate cortex and right superior parietal lobule of MDD group were significantly lower than those of the first-degree relatives group (P<0.05).The ALFF and fALFF values measured in left cerebellum, left precuneus and left superior parietal lobule of MDD group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).The ALFF values measured in right cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex of MDD group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).There was no significance difference found in ALFF values between the first-degree relatives group and the control group,the fALFF values measured in left superior parietallobule of the first-degree relatives group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion As the widespread ALFF, fALFF abnormalities of brain in MDD and first-degree relatives of MDD,a hypothesis can be get that these abnormal brain region may be associated with cognitive network disorders and emotional distress in MDD.

Objective Metabolic syndrome ( MS), a disorder involving multiple metabolic abnormalities such obesity,hypertension, diabetes or abnormal glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia, has been observed in many patients receiving coronary artery bypass procedures. In this study we try to examine the perioperative effects of metabolic syndrome on the off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCABG). Methods A prospective study was conducted in 1060 consecutive OPCABG patients who were admited to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from July 2009 to March 2010. The patients were grouped as MS group and non-MS group according to the diagnostic criteria for Chinese metabolic syndrome. The outcomes such as mortality, atrial fibrillation,stroke, staying in ICU for more than three days, use of IABP, ECMO, dialysis, multiple organ dysfunction score ( MOOS) ,postoperative score for cardiac surgery (PSCS), PaO2/FiO2 , heart rate x central venous pressure/mean artery pressure(pressure-adjusted heart rate, PAHR) ,renal and liver function, platelets, and the dosage of vasoactive agents were analyzed and compared between the two groups by x2 test or t test. Results Three hundred and eighty-nine cases were diagnosed with MS among 1060 cases with OPCABG. In the MS group, 17 cases stayed in ICU for more than 3 days, 2 cases died, 76 had atrial fibrillation, 3 had stroke, 18 cases were treated with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP). In the non-MS group, 47 cases stayed in ICU for more than 3 days, 12 cases died, 148 had atrial fibrillation, 3 had stroke, 48 cases were treated withIABP, 3 cases received ECMO and 4 cases received dialysis. No significant difference between MS group and non-MS group was identified in the aspects of mortality, atrial fibrillation, stroke, duration of more than three days in ICU, the use of IABP,ECMO, dialysis after OPACBG based on the x2 test(P＞0.05). However, on the operative days, the MODS and PSCS in MS group were significantly higher than that in non-MS group (P ＜ 0.05). MODS 2. 57 ± 1. 62 in MS group vs. 2. 15 ± 1.65 in non-MS group, PSCS 4.27 ±2.15 in MS group vs. 3.92 ±2.29 in non-MS group. PaO2/FiO2 in MS group was significantly lower than that in non-MS group (249.23 ± 110.99 vs. 283. 33 ± 114. 35), P ＜ 0. 01. PAHR in MS group was significantly higher than that in non-MS group (9.98 ±3.54 vs. 9.23 ±3. 88), P ＜0.05. On the first postoperative days, the MODS in MS group was also significantly higher than that in non-MS group (3.05 ±1.64 vs. 2.82 ± 1.72), P＜0.05. PaO2/FiO2 in MS group was significantly lower than that in non-MS group (277.11 ±122.99 vs.318.47 ±143.84), P＜0.05. Conclusion MS was not a predictor for death, atrial fibrillation, stroke, duration of more than three days in 1CU, the use of IABP, ECMO, dialysis after OPACBG. However, MS had a temporary adverse effect on the respiratory and circulatory systems on the operative day and the first postoperative day after OPCABG.