Objective To investigate the clinical significance of quantitative detection of serum HBsAg.Methods Serum concentrations of HBsAg were detected by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay in 7612 hospitalized non-hepatitis patients.The distribution of HBsAg positive patients and the relationship of HBsAg concentration with serum anti.HBs.HBeAg and HBV DNA were analyzed.Results The HBsAg positive rate was 11.4%(870/7612)in this series.The serum HBsAg ranged from 0.08 U/mL to 125 000 U/mL with a median of 932.28 U/mL.No significant difference of HBsAg concentrations between male and female patients was observed(Z=-0.366,P＞0.05).1.There were negative correlation of HBsAg concentration with the age of patients(r=-0.370,P＜0.01),and positive correlations of HBsAg with HBeAg(r=0.654,P＜0.01)and HBV DNA levels(r=0.765,P＜0.01).Conclusion The quantitative determination of seFum HBsAg may be useful in estimating the hepatitis B viral replication and clearance.

This study is to investigate the effect of hydroxyethylpuerarin on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by MCAO. Hydroxyethylpuerarin (10, 20, 40 mg·kg-1, iv) was administered just 30 min before occlusion and immediately after reperfusion. After a 24 h reperfusion following 2 h of MCAO, the number of viable neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was counted by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. TNF-α protein and its mRNA expression were examined with radioimmunoassay (RIA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. NF-κB activity was observed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and inhibition of NF-κB α (IκBα) protein expression was evaluated by Western blotting analysis. Animals treated with hydroxyethylpuerarin had a significant increase in neuronal survival in comparison with vehicle-treated group. Hydroxyethylpuerarin significantly reduced the protein and mRNA expression of TNF-α following 2 h of ischemia with 24 h of reperfusion. NF-κB DNA binding activity and the degradation of IκBα in the cytoplasm also decreased by hydroxyethylpuerarin treatment. The protective effects of hydroxyethylpuerarin against ischemia-reperfusion injury may be mediated by decreasing the expression of TNF-α and the activity of NF-κB in rats.

Objective To identify difference between intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) and pancreatic common ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Between March 2003 and June 2006, 29 patients with pathological diagnosis of IPMN and 46 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Zhongshan Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic factors were retrospectively analyzed. Prognosis between two groups were compared by log-rank test.Results The proportion with no symptom visit in IPMN was obviously higher than in pancreatic cancer. Twenty-one of 29 specimens were malignant in IPMN. Stage of the malignant IPMN was significantly earlier than that of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P=0.017). Intrapancreatic neural invasion was more common in pancreatic adenocarcinoma than in malignant IPMN (P=0.005). The survival curve of the malignant IPMN was significantly better than that of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P=0.014). Conclusion IPMN with less aggressive bionomics can be diagnosed and treated in an earlier stage. So its prognosis is better than that of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Prognosis of malignant IPMN which is more invasive than stage Ⅱ B is simular to that of common pancreatic cancer. However, this conclusion should be further investigated.

ssay provides a higher detection rate for HCV infection in HD patients.

Objective To study the role of Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin(rVvhA) induced THP-1 apoptosis and calcium influx.Methods CCK-8 cell proliferation kit,Fluo3/AM staining and AnnexinV/PI staining were performed to identify the apoptosis and calcium influx induced by rVvhA in THP-1 cells.Results rVvhA could induce THP-1 apoptosis and up-regulate the cellular calcium concentration.BAPTAAM could enhance the calcium influx induced by rVvhA in THP-1.Conclusion rVvhA had cytotoxic to THP-1 cells by inducing apoptosis and triggering extracellular calcium influx.

Objective The article was to speed up the dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs, reduce the configuration time and improve the allocative efficiency by analysis on factors influencing dissolution and adoption of proper allocative approaches accord-ing to different characteristics of insaluble drugs. Methods 5 insaluable drugs were chosen for the study, which were ornithine as-partate, mezlocillin sodium and sulbactam sodium, teicoplanin, omeprazole sodium injection and imipenem and cilastatin sodium.The control group were allocated by routine configuration approach, while the experiment group were improved by increasing the amount of solvent, loosing the powder inside the bottle before configuration, reducing the bubble, adopting special solvent and increasing the dis-solution temperature.Observation and comparative experiment were made on two groups along with the timing from configuration to com-plete dissolution into clear transparent liquid. Results As to the average complete dissolution time of 5 drugs, significant difference was found between two groups([42±5]s vs [246±35]s, [3±1]min vs [30±3]min, [5±1]min vs [10±3]min, [5±3]min vs [10± 5]min, [2±1]min vs [10±1]min, P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the dissolution time of 5 drugs was cut down by 83%, 90%, 50%, 50%, 80%in experiment group. Conclusion Appropriate increase of solvent, loose powder, bubble reduction, special solvent and increased solution temperature contribute to shortening the dissolution time of insoluble drugs and improving the configura-tion efficiency of pharmacy intravenous admixture.

Objective To employ Borrelia burgdorferi( B. burgdorferi) , a culturable and genetical-ly transformable spirochete, as a surrogate system to study Treponema pallidum ( T. pallidum) gene function. Methods Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the T. pallidum gene tp0111 encodes the putative sigma factor RpoN. We constructed a B. burgdorferi shuttle vector harboring tp0111. The shuttle vector was then trans-formed into the B. burgdorferi rpoN mutant strain. The phenotype of the resulting B. burgdorferi strain was then determined. Results We successfully constructed the B. burgdorferi rpoN mutant carrying the T. palli-dum gene tp0111. We found that tp0111 could partially complement the B. burgdorferi rpoN mutant. Con-clusion This work provides the first experimental evidence showing that tp0111 is the rpoN gene of T. palli-dum. It also demonstrates that B. burgdorferi can be used as a surrogate system for studying T. pallidum gene function.

Objective To discuss prevention and treatment of the late complications of deteniaceacal-colon continent urinary reservoir. Methods 105 patients who underwent detenia ceacal-colon con-tinent urinary reservoir were followed up for 9 -82 months(mean 40.5 months).Clinical data of these wereretrospectively analyzed. Results Late complications occurred in 25.7%(27/105) of the cases and 9were treated with operations,including difficulty with catheterization in 4 cases(3.8%),3 treated with dila-tion and 1 with efferent limb reconstruction with ileal,urinary pouch stones in 5(4.8%),4 treated with li-thotomy,urinary pouch perfotation in 1 (0.95%),treated with repair,urinary pouch superdistention in 1(0.95%),treated with reduction, single or double lateral hydronephrosis in 8(7.6%),caused by strictureof single or double lateral lower ureters in 4 (2 treated with excision lesion and anastomosis ) and by refluxin 1,1 case suffering from azotemia preoperatively worsened to uraemia treated with regular haemodialysis,hyperchloremia in 7 (6.7%),only 1 needed drugs treatment,repeated urinary infection in 11,amomg them,10 were complicated by the other complications,all treated with sensitive antibiotic. Conclusions Most ofpatients underwent detenia ceacal-colon continent urinary reservoir had good curative effects. Late complica-tions afflicting these patients mostly had immediate or mediate relations with symptomatic urinary infection.Prevention and treatment of symptomatic urinary infection can reduce the occurrence of late complications ofthis operative method,regular and adequant pouch washing and catheterization is efficient to prevention oflate complications of this operative method.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and trends of human papillomavirus (HPV)infections in gynecology outpatients in Zhejiang province.Methods Samples of cervical exfoliated cells were collected from gynecology outpatients in 11 sentinel hospitals in Zhejiang Province from January 2011 to December 2013.Twenty one HPV subtypes were detected by flow-through hybridization technique.Chisquare test was performed to analyze the prevalence rates of HPV infections in different years and in different age groups.Results A total of 14 569 patients were enrolled in the study,among whom 3 552 (24.38％)were positive for HPV.HPV-16 (5.77％,840/14 569),HPV-52 (4.71％,686/14 569) and HPV-58 (4.52％,659/14 569) were the most prevalent subtypes.Among all patients,2 244 (15.40％) were infected with a single high-risk subtype,426 (2.92％) were infected with a single low-risk subtype,and 882 (6.05％) were infected with multiple subtypes.The rate of multiple infection was on the rise during 2011 and 2013 (x2 =23.65,P ＜0.01).The positive rates of HPV in patients with 15-24 y age group and ＞54 y age group were 27.91％ (211/756) and 27.73％ (439/1 583) respectively,which were higher than those in other age groups (x2 =18.664,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion HPV infection is popular in gynecology outpatients in Zhejiang province,especially in patients aged 15-24 y and ＞ 54 y,and a certain proportion of patients are infected with multiple subtypes.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of HLA-peptides tetramer staining flow cytometry for determining HBV specific CD8+ cells.Methods HBV specific CD8+ cells in whole blood samples of chronic hepatitis B patients were stained with tetramer complex of HLA-A2 and HBV core 18-27 peptide and counted by flow cytometry. Results The medians of percentages of HBV specific CD8+ cells of total CD8+ cells were 0.20%(0.02%～2.04%) in 11 acute hepatitis B patients and 0.05%(