Objective:To investigate the influencing factors in acidity test in the quality standard of lactasin. Methods:The acid-ity was tested under the conditions of milk from different sources, various inoculation amount and preservation conditions. Results:The acidity was not stable under the conditions of milk with different brands and batches. The current quality standard could not truly reflect the influence of preservation conditions on the sample quality. Conclusion:The unreliable acidity test results are caused by the quality problem of milk culture media and the current unreasonable standard method.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of CT in diagnosis and discrimination of acute focal bacterial nephritis(AFBN). Methods 6 cases of AFBN were reported which were all performed with ultrasound and CT scan.4 of 6 cases were observed by delay contrast enhanced CT examination. ResultsCT scan showed wedge-shaped masses with thickened Gerota fascia.The delayed contrast enhanced CT revealed more clear shapes and verges of the lesions than immediate contrast enhanced CT. ConclusionCT scan is of significant value in diagnosis and discrimination of AFBN with overall review of documents and statistic analysis.

Problem-based learning (PBL)was used in resident standardized training in depart-ment of pediatrics of Changhai Hospital. Attending doctors with authority were taken as leaders teach-ing group and 3-5 resident doctors as team members. Cases were set up according to the targets of resident standardization training and common clinical diseases in each system. According to the results of the questionnaire after the teaching , both teachers and students were satisfied with the teaching effect and expected targets were reached. Residents made great progress in handling clinical problems.

AIM: To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in renal injury caused by hyperlipidemia and the influence effect of simvastatin. METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: rats in control group (n=10) were fed with normal diet; rats in high fat group (n=10) were fed with high fat diet; animals in simvastatin+high fat group (n=10) were fed with high fat diet and were received simvastatin 10 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) by gastric irrigation. After 18 weeks, the quantitative urine protein in 24 h, the serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels were tested. The pathological changes of renal tissue were observed under optic microscope. The expressions of GRP78 and p-JNK in renal tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry. The apoptotic cells in the kidney were detected by TUNEL staining. The mRNA expressions of GRP78 and CHOP were examined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The quantitative urine protein in 24 h, the serum lipid, the expressions of GRP78 and p-JNK proteins, the mRNA expressions of GRP78 and CHOP as well as the apoptotic cells in renal tissues were increased in high fat group (P<0.01).The quantitative urine protein in 24 h, the serum lipid, the expression of GRP78 and p-JNK proteins, the mRNA expressions of GRP78 and CHOP as well as the apoptotic cells in renal tissues were remarkably reduced in simvastatin+high fat group than those in high fat group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The endoplasmic reticulum stress is engaged in the renal injury caused by hyperlipidemia. The simvastatin play a role in renal protection by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress in the kidney.

Objective Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been identified to regulate DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and gene post-transcriptional regulation in kinds of diseases, including tumorigenesis, obesity and so on.Therefore, lncRNAs might be the potential targets of mesangial cells proliferation.Methods Mesangial cells were exposed to suitable concentration of TGF-β through cell proliferation assay;then the lncRNAs expression levels were detected by microarray in experimental group and control group separately;finally the differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified by RT-PCR;meanwhile, and the expression levels of target genes were also detected by RT-PCR.Results Cell viability assay confirmed that 10 ng/ml TGF-β could promote mesangial cell proliferation significantly.Totally, over 30 000 lncRNAs were detected in TGF-β treated MCs and control group cells separately.Compared to the control group, 5550 lncRNAs differentially expressed in TGF-β treated MCs, including 119 up-regulated and 147 down-regulated over 2 fold.RT-PCR results appeared that uc.60, MRAK079149, MRAK029456, XR_005507, XR_007641, uc.14, and uc.412 were significantly up-regulated in TGF-β treated MCs, and BC088254, DQ402472, BC098733, BC158832,BC098746 were stably down-regulated.Compared to the control group, the mRNA expression levels of AATF and NEK were increased in the TGF-β treated mesangial cells (P ＜ 0.05).AATF and NEK were downstream target genes of uc.412 and MRAK079149 respectively.Conclusion The differential expression of long noncoding RNAs presents in the experimental mesangial cells proliferation induced by TGF-β.

Objective To explore the protective effect and the mechanism of fastigial nucleus electric stimulation on brain of rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Ninety rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operated group(n=30),model group(n=30)and electric stimulation group(n=30),every group was divided into group A(n=10),group B(n=10)and group C(n=10)again.The models of perinatal HIBD rats were prepared by ligation of left common carotid artery with a temporary systemic hypoxia(N2O2 was 928)for 2 hours.Electric stimulation group was used electric stimulation for 20 minutes,2 times everyday after surgery.The sham operated group and model group was not used electric stimulation but catched to fix in corresponding period.All of the group A would be injected bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)to enterocoelia before 8 hours when the rats would be killed and the group B would be not injected it.The rats of the group A and B would be killed and got the brain tissue after cardiac perfusion 7 days later,then,consecutively coronal slice.The changes of BrdU and nestin levels in brain were observed by immunohistochemistry staining assay.And the study and memory ability of all the group C would be tested by maze test after 28 days.The brain tissue would be tested by hematoxylin and eosin stain at the same time.All of the data would be described and analyzed by SPSS 13.0.More than a few means would be compared by One-Way analysis of variance and the t-test between 2 groups would be used.Results The BrdU and nestin levels of the model group were lower than the sham operated group(Pa

OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection and drug resistance of Staphylococcus spp from hospitalized cases in Suzhou area.METHODS The data from hospitalized cases of 32 hospitals in Suzhou(from 2004 to 2007) were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS From 2004 to 2007,17 668 cases of nosocomial infection were collected from 32 hospitals in Suzhou area.The infection rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 5.78%,7.11%,8.39% and 7.50%,respectively;the number of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) infection cases was 66(34.74%),107(33.86%),138(37.00%) and 219(53.16%) respectively and the total number was 530(41.05%).The nosocomial infection caused by S.epidermidis accounted for 5.99%,5.47%,5.35% and 5.25%,respectively from 2004 to 2007.The number of meticillin-resistant S.epidermidis(MRSE) infection cases were 118(59.90%),128(52.67%),119(50.00%) and 134(46.53%) and the total number was 499(51.66%).The main infection site of S.aureus and S.epidermidis was respiratory tract(74.28% and 71.81%,respectively).Antibiotic resistance strains of S.aureus and S.epidermidis was on rising,and most of them were multi-drug resistance strains.All of the strains were sensitive to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS In Suzhou area,nosocomial infection and drug resistance of Staphylococcus is on the rise.Evevy hospital must take effective measures to control nosocomial infections of Staphylococcus and drug resistance.

Objective To investigate the relative factors of the neonates that were abandoned in hospital less than 24 hours,then the level of the local neonates medical service and the neonatal remedy skills and the life quality could be improved.Methods The clinical data of 379 cases of hospitalized neonates less than 24 hours from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.The correlation factors of the neonates abandoned in hospital less than 24 hours(122 cases) and hospitalized more than 24 hours (244 cases) were analyzed by single and multiple factor regression analysis.Results (1) There were 379 neonates who were in hospital less than 24 hours,among them,122 neonates were gave up the treatments.The differences of the gestational age and weight among abandon group,hospital referral group,improve group and uncured group were significant(P ＜0.01).(2) The numbers of neonates abandoned in hospital less than 24 hours were different significantly from 2007 to 2011 (P ＜0.05) and tendency was decreased year by year(chi-square trend test x2 =6.115,P =0.013).The uncured group was increased year by year (P ＜ 0.05).The hospital referral group,improved group were fluctuation,but no descend or rise tendency(P ＞0.05).(3) The differences of the gestational age,birth weight,uterine-incision delivery,intrapartum asphyxia,intrauterine distress,birth hospital,family income less than twenty thousand yuan every year,father's culture level,diagnosed premature,very low birth weight infant,low birth weight infant,respiratory distress syndrome and brain injuries were significant between neonates in hospital less than 24 hours and more than 24 hours(P ＜ 0.05).The differences of the male,intrapartum high risk factors,mother's morbid state and miscarriage were not significant(P ＞0.05).(4) The uterine-incision delivery,intrapartum asphyxia,birth in the county and below county hospital,family income less than twenty thousand yuan every year and diagnosed respiratory distress syndrome were correlation to the abandon treatment in 24 hours.There were no correlation to the gave up treatment in 24 hours to the rest of the factors.Conclusion We should set up the systemic gravid detection system,avoid premature birth and respiratory distress syndrome,add the hardware configuration and medical personnel to the neonate department,improve the professional technology level,perfect social security system mechanism,decrease the hospital discharge rate of the hospitalization less than 24 hours,improve the level of the local neonatal treatment technology and the quality of population.

Objective To identify risk factors associated with the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) in-duced by crush syndrome and whether the patient required hemodialysis (HD). Method A retrospective study was designed. Within 19 days after the Chinese Wenchuan earthquake (May 12, 2008), 63 victims (33 men, 30women) of 2139 cases were hospitalized at Mianyang Central Hospital (Siehuau, China) because of crush syn-drome caused by crush injuries. The patients with renal dysfimcfion before the earthquake were excluded. Totally 63 patients with AKI associated with crush syndrome were included in this study and were divided into two groups: group 1, 25 patients, requiring HD (when urine volume <250 mL/d;serum potassium> 6 mmol/L) ; and group 2, 38 patients, without HD. The following data were collected retrospectively for all patients: (1) epidemiological parameters: age, gender, race, time under the rubble, liquid treatmem before being rescued; (2) clinical param-eters: blood pressure, body area crushed, amputation, fasciotomy, blood transfusion, quantity of fluid infusion, urine output in the first 24 hours; (3) initial laboratory data: complete blood count, urine analysis, serum chem-istry, arterial blood gas analysis. Comparisons between the two groups were made using SPSS 10.0. The quantita-tive data and categorical data were analyzed using t tests and χ2 tests, respectively. P -values < 0.05 were consid-ered to indicate significant differences. The significant variables were entered into logistic regression models to de-termine the risk factors for the severity of AK1 in patients with crush syndrome and whether the patient required HD. Results Four significant risk factors with P -values < 0.05 were identified: fasciotomy, cystatin C (Cys C)level, myoglobin (MB) level and lactic acidosis. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 8.641 (3.027～76.479), 6.956 (3.027～76.479), 5.379 (3.027～76.479) and 4.833 (2.569～32.764), respectively. Conclusions In addition to urine output and potassium levels, we found that four risk factors, namely faseiotomy, Cys C and MB levels, and lactic acidosis, were significanfly associated with the severity of AKI and whether the patient required hemodialysis.

To study the protective effect and the mechanism of asiatic acid (AA) from Potentilla chinensis on alcohol hepatic injury in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: the normal control group, the AA control group (8 mg · kg(-1) AA), the model group (5.0-9.0 g · kg(-1) alcohol) and high, medium and low-dose AA-treated groups (alcohol + 8, 4, 2 mg · kg(-1) AA). Each group was orally administered with the corresponding drugs once a day for 24 weeks. Approximately 1. 5 hours after the final administration, all rats were killed, and their blood samples and hepatic tissues were collected. The AST and ALT in rat serum and the contents of MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, SOD, GSH-Px, GSH-Rd and MDA in hepatic tissues were detected. The expressions of NF-κB, TLR4, CD14, MyD88, TRIF and protein expression in hepatic tissues were measured by western blot. The pathological changes in liver tissues were observed by histological examination. The results showed that compared with the model group, the AA-treated groups showed significant decreases in serum ALT, AST and MDA and increases in the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, GSH-Rd and MPO. Moreover, AA markedly inhibited the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR4, CD14, MyD88 and NF-κB. The histological examination showed alleviated hepatic issue ijury to varying degrees. In short, asiatic acid (AA) from P. chinensis could protect alcohol-induced hepatic injury in rats. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB inactivation and the reduction of inflammatory response.
Animals ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; prevention & control ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; physiology ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes ; pharmacology ; Potentilla ; chemistry ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; antagonists & inhibitors