The presence of D-amino acid in proteins is thought to be a result of racemization of L-amino acid,which may influence the space structure and the functions of proteins and the connection to the occurence of some diseases has been demonstrated.Recently,tremendous advancement in instrumental techniques has brought the rapid development to analytical methods and detecting techniques in the research on racemization of protein amino acid.The advances in the relationship between racemizadon of protein amino acid and diseases,the influence factors on racemization of protein amino acid and the analytical techniques are reviewed in this article,and the research directions of racemization of protein amino acid are also given.

Objective To elucidate the related risk factors for the cardiorenal syndrome(CRS),and to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of CRS. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 269 patients with chronic heart failure. The subjects were divided into two groups in accordance with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR):patient group(CRS group),eGRF<60 mL/(min ! 1.73 m2)and control group,eGRF≥60 mL/(min!1.73 m2). The patients'general information as well as the related clinical lab indices and accessory examination indi-ces were collected. The risk factors for chronic heart failure and renal insufficiency were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. Re?sults The prevalence of chronic heart failure patients suffering from CRS was 26.39%. The single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age,body weight,history of hypertension,and history of diabetes(all P<0.05). Compared to the control group,uric acid,cystatin C,serum urea nitrogen,brain natriuretic peptide,glycosylated hemoglobin,high-sensitivity C-reactive pro-tein,and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in the CRS group were significantly higher;white blood cell count,hemoglobin,albumin,and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly lower(all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)between the two groups in regard to white blood cell count,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase,cholesterol,triglycerides,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,troponin I,serum free triiodothyronine,serum free thyroxine,or thyroid stimulating hormone. Multivariate logis-tic regression analysis showed that older age,low body weight,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,hypoalbuminemia,superb sensitivity C-re-active protein levels,high uric acid,high cystatin C hyperlipidemia,and low ejection fraction were independently associated with the occurrence of CRS. Conclusion Older age,low body weight,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,hypoalbuminemia,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels,high uric acid,high cystatin C hyperlipidemia,and low ejection fraction are the high risk factors for CRS in heart failure patients and are inde-pendently associated with the occurrence of CRS. Early identification and control of these risk factors are important for the prevention and treatment of CRS.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Polygala fallax.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified via silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography as well as recrystallization.Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis and physicochemical properties.Results Six compounds were isolated and identified as 3-O?-D-glucopyranosyl senegenic acid(Ⅰ),tenuifolin(Ⅱ),presenegenin(Ⅲ),1,7-dimethoxy-2,3-methylenedioxy xanthone(Ⅳ),sinapinic acid(Ⅴ),ferulic acid(Ⅵ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅲ—Ⅵ are isolated from P.fallax for the first time.Compound Ⅰ is a new triterpenoid saponin,named fallaxsaponin A.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a Meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy and adverse events profile of Mabs for LA HNSCC. METHOD: Several databases were searched, including CBM, PUBMED, EMBASE, and CENTRAL. Primary outcomes included overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes included serious adverse events, such as grade 3-4 skin reaction, dysphagia, mucositis, and nausea/vomiting. The results were expressed as relative ratio (RR) or hazard rate (HR) with their corresponding 95% CI. RESULT: The final analysis included 10 trials. The primary analyses indicated that Mabs did not improve ORR and PFS, except OS for locoregionally advanced (LA) HNSCC [ORR 1.21, 95% CI (0.97 - 1.49); PFS 0.87, 95% CI (0.75 - 1.01); OS 0.82, 95% CI (0.71 - 0.95)]. Analysis of adverse effects demonstrated that grade 3 - 4 skin reaction ERR 1.87, 95% CI (1.11 - 3.16)] was statistically significantly associated with Mabs except dysphagia ERR 0. 95, 95% CI (0.75 - 1.19)], Mucositis ERR 1.03, 95% CI (0.67 - 1.57)], and nausea/vomiting ERR 1.15, 95% CI (0.71 - 1.86)]. CONCLUSION Anti-EGFR Mabs may be satisfactory for improving OS of LA HNSCC. During the Mabs therapy, skin reaction should be much more monitored.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; ErbB Receptors ; immunology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short-term and long-term effects on treatment of neck pain caused by cervical spondylosis with the combination of acupuncture and moxibustion with seed-size moxa cone.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-five patients of neck pain were randomly divided into an acupuncture-moxibustion group (49 cases), an acupuncture group (48 cases) and a moxibustion group (48 cases). Acupoints of Bailao (Extra), Dazhui (GV 14), Jianzhongshu (SI15) and Zhongzhu (TE 3) were adopted for all the 3 groups. Acupuncture was applied at all the acupoints with 20 min needling retention for the acupuncture group. Moxibustion with seed-size moxa cone was used with 5 cones on each point for the moxibustion group. And both acupuncture and moxibustion with seed-size moxa cone were adopted for the acupuncture-moxibustion group. The treatment was applied once every 3 days, and 10 treatments should be finished within 4 weeks. Follow-up should be carried out for 3 months. The short-term and long-term effects were evaluated with the scores of Northwick Park Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) as the indices of therapeutic effect.

RESULTSThe NPQ score and MPQ score of all the 3 groups after the treating course and the 3-month follow-up were both decreased when compared with those before the treatment (all P<0. 05). The scores of NPQ and MPQ the acupuncture-moxibustion group were lower than that of the other two groups. And the difference had obvious significance (P<0. 05). High efficiency of pain relieving for cervical spondylosis could be found in all the 3 groups, which showed that short-term and long-term effects were good for all the 3 groups. And the highest curative effect could be found in acupuncture-moxibustion group.

CONCLUSIONCombination of acupuncture and moxibustion with seed-size moxa cone has reached a superior effect in short-term and long-term for neck pain caused by cervical spondylosis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; instrumentation ; Neck Pain ; etiology ; therapy ; Spondylosis ; complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)and the prognosis after radical resection.Methods From January 2013 to December 2014,98 elderly patients with primary liver cancer were enrolled in this study,with 120 non-elderly patients with primary liver cancer serving as the control group.Comparison was made concerning clinical and pathological characteristics,short term postoperative outcomes and long-term prognosis between the two groups.Results The average age of patients in the elderly group(68.4±3.7)was significantly higher than in the control group(53.6 ±5.3),and the difference was statistically significant(t=23.376,P＜0.001).The positive rate of HBsAg in the elderly group was 38.8 ％,higher than in the control group (70.0 ％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =21.341,P＜0.001).The incidence of liver failure in the elderly group was 4.1％,higher than in the control group (0.0 ％),and the difference was statistically significant (xe =4.990,P =0.026).There was no significant difference in survival rate at 6 months,1 year and 2 years between two groups (x2 1.427,2.127,and 0.510,each P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups at 1 year and 2 years(x2 =0.205 and 0.706,each P＞0.05).Conclusions Elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma present favorable clinical and pathological features and show similar short and long-term outcomes,compared with non-elderly patients.Radical resection is valuable in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients.

Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with GSH for 12 weeks.The results showed that GSH significantly improved the expressions of NF-KB and inducible nitrie oxide synthase and ameliorated the myocardial tissue injury.

Aim: To study pharmacokinetics of aconitine,mesaconitine and hypaconitine in rats after single oral administration of decoctions composed with Radix Aconiti Lateralis.Methods: Four groups of rats were orally administered four decoctions including decoction a(Sini decoction),decoction b(decoction composed with Radix Aconiti Lateralis),decoction c(decoction composed with Radix Aconiti Laterali and Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae Praeparata Cum Melle)and decoction d(decoction composed with Radix Aconiti Laterali and Rhizoma Zingiberis),respectively.Quantitative analysis of aconitine,mesaconitine and hypaconitine in rat plasma was achieved using a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry method.Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using DAS 2.0.Results: Pharmacokinetic parameters of aconitine,mesaconitine and hypaconitine were different after oral administration of four decoctions according to Radix Aconiti Laterali combined with different herbal medicines.Multiple peaks were observed in plasma concentration-time curve after oral administration of the decoction of herb couple Radix Aconiti Laterali and Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae Praeparata Cum Melle,and the results showed a delay in tmax and a prolonger in MRT0-t compared with the decoction of Radix Aconiti Latera-lis.When Radix Aconiti Lateralis was combined with Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae Praeparata Cum Melle and Rhizoma Zingiberis at the same time in Sini decoction,tmax was delayed too but MRT0-t,was shorten than that of the group of Radix Aconiti Lateralis.Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic parameters of the three compounds obtained in this work shows that the pharmacokinetics of aconitine,mesaconitine and hypaconitine were influenced diversely when Radix Aconiti Laterali was combined with different herbal medicines.

Objective To establish a stable method for acute isolation of atrial myocytes in diabetic rats,so as to provide materials for electrophysio?logical study of diabetic rats. Methods Streptozotocin(STZ)was used to establish type I diabetic model. Atrial myocytes were isolated with modi?fied perfusion buffer by Langendorff perfusion. The atrial myocytes were morphologically observed with optical microscope and identified by morphol?ogy and immunofluorescence staining. The action potential was recorded by patch clamp technique. Results STZ can establish a stable type I dia?betic model. The modified perfusion method can yield calcium tolerant and spindle shaped atrial myocytes. Immunofluorescence indicated that atrial myocytes were positive for Kv1.5 which was expressed in atrial myocytes. The atrial myocytes obtained by this method were able to generate action po?tentials. Conclusion The modified perfusion method is suitable for acute isolation of atrial myocytes in rats with diabetes mellitus,which may help to study the electrophysiology of diabetic heart.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of TCM combined with western medicine for advanced gastric cancer.Methods We retrieved literatures of randomized controlled clinical trials related (from January 1991 to June 2012) to the use of TCM combined with western medicine treatment for advanced gastric cancer and made meta-analysis including:the effectiveness,Kamofsky scores and publication bias.Results 44 papers (including 3088 AGC patients) were included.Meta analysis suggested a difference between the treatment group and the control group in effectiveness (Z＝ 6.12,P＜ 0.01),and K score (Z＝ 3.31,P＜0.01).The effectiveness of the reatment group and the control group are 97.8％ and 73.4％ respectively.Conclusion The combined treatment resulted in an improved quality of effectiveness and Kamofsky scores.