OBJECTIVE: Based on contiguous axial computed tomography (CT) images of the frontal sinus, a three-dimensional (3D) visualization and reconstruction of fronto-ethmoidal cells was performed using Intage Realia (version 2011) software to generate a model to accurately understand the anatomical structure of fronto-ethmoidal cells. METHOD: Retrospective analyses of nose CT scan data of 50 patients without sinusitis were performed. Using Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images of sinus axial CT scans, the 3D visualization and reconstruction of the sinus was performed using the Achilles tendon and nasal passage modes in Intage Realia (version 2011) software on personal computers. Two segmentations were performed on the reconstructed sinus, and the structures of the agger nasi, frontal cells, and supraorbital cells and the relative locations of the frontal sinus drainage pathway and cells were observed. RESULT: The 3D visualization of the fronto-ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus drainage pathway was successful, allowing accurate observation of the anatomical characteristics of the fronto-ethmoidal cells. CONCLUSION The 3D visualization of fronto-ethmoidal cells can be reconstructed based on contiguous axial CT images of the sinus, allowing an accurate understanding of the anatomical structure of fronto-ethmoidal cells and is well prepared for frontal sinus surgeries.
Frontal Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; Software ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Postoperative Period ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Respiration

Objective To explore the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs12953-717) of SMAD7 and susceptibility of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Chinese Han population.Methods A single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs12953717) from SMAD7 was detected via Sequenom system in 528 NSCLC cases and 762 healthy controls.Data was statistically analyzed by unconditional Logistic regression method.Results rs12953717 had significant differences between non-small cell lung cancer patients and the controls.Compared with CC/TT (CC combined with TT) genotype,the adjusted odds ratio for the CT genotype was 4.107 (95％ CI:3.206 ～ 5.260,P =0.000 1).Smokers had a 2.004 odds ratio (95 ％ CI =1.583 ～ 2.537,P =0.000 1) of NSCLC compared with the controls.There was a 10.074-fold increased risk of NSCLC among the subjects with CT genotype and smokers.Conclusion The polymorphism of rs12953717 may have relation with risk of NSCLC.Heterozygote (CT) is a susceptibility genotype of NSCLC.Smoking is one of the risk factors of NSCLC.Smoking and CT genotype have synergistic effects on NSCLC susceptibility.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Postoperative Period ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Respiration ; Surgical Instruments ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Tumor Burden

Traditional Chinese medicine owns the duality of commodity property and quasi-public goods in the process of production and circulation. According to the duality of traditional Chinese medicine, giving full play to government function is the key to guaranteeing and promoting the quality and security control in the dryness process of traditional Chinese medicine. Government functions mainly focus on improving the quality and security control ability of production operators and stimulating quality and security control motive of producers. This article began with the duality of traditional Chinese medicine, expounded the government functions in the dryness process and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine from macroscopic and micro levels, and proposed the measures of improving dryness process based on government functions.

Objective] To study the determination of telomerase and CEA in differentiating benign and malignant pleural effusions. [Methods] Telomeric repeat amplification ELISA method(TRAP- PCR-ELISA) and enzyme immunoassay(EIA) were measured in 40 patients with malignant pleural effusion and 38 cases of benign pleural effusion telomeres activity and CEA levels. [Results] The telomerase activity in pleural effusions and CEA positive rate in malignant pleural effusion group were 80.0%(32/40) and 85%(34/40), benign pleural effusion group was 7.9%(3/40) and 0%(0/38), malignant pleural effusion of telomerase and CEA-positive rate was significantly higher than benign pleural effusion group, the difference was significant(χ2=40.96,57.26, P<0.001).Determination of telomerase activity in malignant pleural effusion diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CEA rather, the difference was not statistical y significant(χ2=0.35, P>0.05). Two combined detection of tumor markers in terms of a positive diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion as the standard, the combined detection sensitivity was 97.5%(39/40), significantly higher than the telomerase and CEA single detection sensitivity 80% and 85%, the differences were statistical y significant(χ2=6.13,3.91,P<0.01). [Conclusion] Detection of the TA and CEA in pleural effusion is of a definite value in differentiating benign from malignant pleural effusion, and the detection of TA is more sensitive and specific than detection of CEA. Combining detection of both markers may raise the accuracy of the diagnosis.

0.05). However, compared with the parameter before operation, the size of the left atrium and left ventricular were obvious decreased, the value of EF was obvious increased for both groups (P

Objective To compare the effects of sevoflurane versus propofol on a tourniquet-induced lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in patients undergoing orthopedic operation.Methods Fifty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,weighing 44-85 kg,scheduled for elective orthopedic operation,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =18 each)∶ control group (group C),propofol group (group P) and sevoflurane group (group S).After lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve block,the laryngeal mask airway insertion was facilitated with propofol 2-4 mg/kg and anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol at 2-4 mg· kg-1 · h-1 during operation in group P.In group S,8 ％ sevoflurane was inhaled,the laryngeal mask airway was inserted and anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 2％ sevoflurane during operation.A tourniquet was applied and inflated (300 mm Hg)during 15-20 min after administration of propofol or sevoflurane in groups P and S,and a tourniquet was also applied at the same time point in group C.The tourniquet was released at the end of operation.Postoperative analgesia was performed with oral meloxicam or intramuscular pethidine and VAS score was maintained ＜ 3.Blood samples were taken after admission to the operating room (T1) and 30 min after tourniquet release (T2) to determine the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α.The changing rate of MDA and TNF-α concentrations was calculated.The tourniquet-related adverse events and amount of analgesics consumed within 24 h after operation were recorded.Results No tourniquet-related adverse events occurred in all the patients.Compared with group C,the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α and changing rate were significantly decreased at T2 in groups P and S (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α and changing rate between group S and group P (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at T1,no significant change was found in the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α at T2 in groups P and S (P ＞ 0.05),and the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α were significantly increased at T2 in group C (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the amount of analgesics consumed within 24 h after operation between the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both sevoflurane and propofol can reduce a tourniquet-induced lower extremity I/R injury in patients undergoing orthopedic operation and the efficacy is comparable.

ObjectiveTo study the clinical effect of locking compression plate fixation in treatment of the elders with unstable fractures of the distal radius. Methods17 cases with unstable distal radius fractures were treated by volar locking compression plate. The function of the carpal joints and the bone healing conditions were evaluated after operations. ResultsAll cases were followed-up for 7 to 16 months ( mean 12. 6 months). Union was obtained in all the patients after 11.4 weeks. The clinical outcomes were evaluated according to modified X-rays and wrist assessment. 12 cases were graded as excellent and 4 as good. 1 case were graded as poor. The overall satisfactory rate was 94. 1％. ConclusionThe unstable distal radial fractures could be effectively treated with open reduction and LCP fixation through volar approach.

Objective To establish GC and GC/MS qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for identification of cocaine cases. MethodsChoosed and optimized the best analysis parameters of cocaine by GC/MS and GC. We prepared 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.00, 1.20mg/ml ethanol solution of cocaine standard which all contained 0.6mg/ml diazepam (internal standard) to study the analyse standard curve and the detection limit of cocaine drugs. ResultsThe linear equation of cocaine by GC/FID was Y=1.055X-0.0021, R2=0.9999; That of GC/NPD was Y=0.556X-0.0016, R2=0.9996; The detection limits of cocaine were 10ng by GC/FID method and 2ng by GC/NPD method. On the other hand, we used GC/FID and GC/NPD methods and internal standard to quantitate the cocaine drugs sized by police respectively, the result of concentration was 72%?2.3%. The quantitative data of both methods had good repeatability. ConclusionThe methods established are useful to examine and identify cases of cocaine.