OBJECTIVE:To investigate the tissues distribution of monostearin solid lipid nanoparticles(MSLN)and MSLN(PEG-MSLN)that had been modified by PEG2000in vivo of mice and the pharmacokinetics in vivo of rats,and to investigate the influence of PEG2000modification on MSLN tissues distribution and pharmacokinetics.METHODS:MSLN was prepared by a novel solvent diffusion method.The particle diameters and Zeta potentials of MSLN were determined.Tissues distribu?tions and pharmacokinetics of2kinds of MSLN preparations in vivo of rats after vena caudalis administration were determined and the determining results were calculated with rhodamine B as fluorescent marker.RESULTS:2kinds of MSLN preparations showed a similar particle diameter distribution with Zeta potential of MSLN at—20mV.MSLN targeted to liver after vena caudalis intravenous injection and the general circulation of nanoparticles was significantly prolonged to2.2times after modified by PEG2000.CONCLUSION:MSLN can amelioration systemic circulation after modification with PEG2000and which can be used as liver-targeted drug carrier.

With the advance of modern imaging technologies,many examinations,especially for ultrasound,have been used for the screening examination of breast cancers.This article reviewed the character and prospect of ultrasound for breast cancers.

OBJECTIVE:To study the occurrences of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital for references of rational use of drugs in the clinic.METHODS:A total of 377 ADR cases collected in our hospital during the period 2005～2006 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex,drug kinds,clinical manifestations and route of administration etc.RE-SULTS:Of the total 377 ADR cases,the number of drug kinds involved totaled 118,with antiinfective drugs taking the lead,accounting for 46.61%(55 kinds),283 cases were given intravenously.Lesions of skin and the appendants were the chief ADR types(49.87%);there were 17 severe cases.CONCLUSION:Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring in the clinic.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of the postpone in skeletal muscle aging process of D-galactose rats by weight training and soy polypeptide supplement in 6 weeks, and discuss the initial mechanism.

METHODSixty male SD rats (three month old)were randomly assigned: 6 week control (C6,) and 6 week model (M6) 6 for each group, 12 week model (M12), big load (B12), small load (S12), peptide (P12), peptide + big load (PB12) and peptide + small load group (PS12) 8 for each group, eight fourteen month rats were taken in the natural aging group. The rats were killed by the end of 6th week and 12th week, tested the indicators.

RESULTCompare with group C6, the indicators in group M6 showed aging in different levels; Compare with group M12, weight training or soy polypeptide supplement in all intervention groups could increase the content of skeletal muscle superoxide dismutase (SOD), SOD/MDA, the serum growth hormone(GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I)and skeletal muscle IGF-I mRNA, decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of skeletal muscle, and they had notable interaction.

CONCLUSIONRat skeletal muscle aging model can be copied successfully by D-galactose hypodermic, and go on with 6-week weight training or soy polypeptide supplement, they can postpone the skeletal muscle aging process of D-galactose rats, and the two interference way united can have more obvious effect. Its preliminary mechanism may be related to the reduction of skeletal muscle oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, the correction of hormones and related factors metabolic disorders, the elevation of skeletal muscle IGF-I mRNA expression and so on.

Aging ; physiology ; Animals ; Galactose ; Growth Hormone ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal ; drug effects ; physiology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Soybean Proteins ; pharmacology ; Soybeans ; chemistry ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

A cluster sampling method was used to select 5 Huaihai communities of Shanghai.All individuals were aged ≥60 years.Visual acuity without correction and presenting acuity with their habitual distance correction were measured separately for each eye.The prevalence of blindness and low vision was 0.49％ and 1.65％ respectively.The leading causes of blindness in a descending sequence included macular degeneration,cataract and retinal vascular disease.

A 54-year-old woman presented with a five-year history of malaise with weight loss and arthralgia of both knee joints. Six months prior to the presentation, an indurated nodule developed at the site of an old scar on the temporal side of left eyebrow. Subsequently, erythema and nodules spread over the trunk and extremities, especially at the sites of old scars on the hands. Physical examination showed bilateral axillary lymphadenectasis, a plaque at the site of an old scar on the temporal side of left eyebrow, a subcutaneous mass at the extensor aspect of the right upper arm, multiple dark-erythematous nodules at the site of scars on the left hand and both soles, few small erythematous papules scattered on the left forearm and trunk. The serum angiotensin converting enzyme concentration was high (82 kU/L). Computer tomography of thorax showed multiple obscure tubercles in both lungs and swollen lymph nodes in mediastina and axillary fossa, but no hilum pulmonis lymphadenectasis was observed. Histopathology revealed non-caseating granulomas with multinucleated giant cells. Neither acid-fast bacilli nor PAS staining was positive. A diagnosis of scar sarcoidosis was established. The lesions obviously improved after one-month treatment with oral methylprednisolone. This case represents a rare subtype of sarcoidosis that arose in old sears and clinically manifests as scar, nodules,plaques, subcutaneous masses and papules. The reactivation of old scars, which manifests as erythematous swelling and nodules, may highly suggest the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Objective To summarize the experience of nursing pregnant women with hyperthyreosis. Methods A retrospective analysis of the nursing histories of 37 pregnant women with hyperthyreosis was done to summarize the nursing interventions of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome,heart failure and hyperthyroidism crisis. Results Among all the patients,6 cases developed with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome,4 with heart failure and 2 with hyperthyroidism crisis.They were cured and discharged due to treatments and nursing intervention. Conclusion Enhanced monitoring and nursing of perinatal complications is critical for pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with hyperthyreosis.

Objective To investigate the correlation among Lp (a),cerebral infarction and carotid atherosclerosis.Methods 180 cases were equally divided into 3 groups (60 cases in each group).The patients with both cerebral infarction and carotid atherosclerosis composed one group(cerebral infarction group for short) ;the patients of carotid atherosclerosis which without cerebral infarction composed another group(no cerebral infarction group for short) ;the control group composed with those who had neither cerebral infarction nor carotid atherosclerosis.The level,outlier detection rate about Lp(a) and usual risk factors of cerebral infarction were compared in this research.Results The level and detection rate of Lp(a) in the cerebral infarction group were (512 ± 156) mg/L and 46.7％ ;the level and detection rate of Lp(a) in the no cerebral infarction group were (316 ± 87)mg/L and 20.0％ ;the level and detection rate of Lp(a) in the control group were (199 ± 123) mg/L and 5.0％.The differences of the level and outlier detection rate of Lp(a) among the three group were significant(F=13.87,x2 =29.394,P ＜0.01).Cerebral infarction patients had more usual risk factors of cerebral infarction (hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipemia,drinking,smoking,obesity and lack of exercise) than those who without cerebral infarction (x2 =15.523,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The abnormal of Lp(a) was an important risk factor of cerebral infarction.The general survey of Lp(a) was significant in the primary and secondary prevention of stroke.To the people whose assay of Lp(a) was abnormal,the control of governable risk factors of cerebral infarction should actively be carried out.

Objective To evaluate mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with cementless total hip arthroplasty(THA) in a consecutive series of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Methods This study examined the mid-term (equal to or more than 5 years) results of THA. From January 1998 to March 2001, a series of 71 patients (80 hips) who had undergone THA with cementless components in our hospital were involved in this study. All patients were evaluated both clinically and radiographically. Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to Harris evaluation score. Components migration, bone changes around the implant, the polyethylene wear rate and direction of the acetabular polyethylene wear were measured radiologically. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the survival of the femoral and acetabulum components. End point was radiographical loosening or revision of the acetabular component, and revision of the femoral component for any reason. Results 62 hips in 54 patients were followed up at least 5 years. The mean Harris hip score improved from preoperation (44.0?8.4) points to (92.4?5.7) points at the time of final follow-up. No component was seen to be loose radiographically or had been revised because of any reason at the time of final follow-up. Only one focal area of pelvic osteolysis in one patient and twelve small focal areas of femoral osteolysis in another patient were identified. The mean linear wear rate was (0.125?0.074) mm/year. When loosening was used as the end point for failure, the survival rate of the acetabular and femoral components was 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.00) in both groups. Conclusion Cementless THA in patients with osteonecrosis of the hip had a satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcome at a minimum of five years follow-up. Because polyethylene wear and osteolysis can not avoided, radiographical follow-up for cementless components is very important.

[Objective]To evaluate the safety and efficacy of total hip resurfacing arthroplasty in treating osteoarthritis secondary to congenital dysplastic hip.[Method]From May 2005 to June 2005,13 hips in 12 cases with osteoarthritis secondary dysplastic hip were adopted in this study.There were 8 females and 4 males,aged from 30 to 59 years,average 47 years.All the 13 hips were subluxation according to Hartofilakidis classification system.Posterolateral approach was used during operation and all the acetabular cups were reconstructed at the true acetabular location.The pronthesis were cementless acetabular cup and cement femoral head.[Result]The average operation time was 110 min,blood loss volume was 387 ml during operation,drainage volume was 200 ml and the extremity was lengthened for about 9 mm.All the incision healed well and there have not any complications such as femoral neck fracture,infection,dislocation and neurovascular injury.Follow-up for 12 to 13 months,all the joints had good or excellent clinical results.The average range of motion of the hip:flexion improved from 106.7? to 120?,abduction improved from 25.8? to 46.4?,external rotation improved from 20.8? to 45?,internal rotation improved from 3.3? to 28.6?.The Harris score increased from 42 preoperatively to 96 postoperatively.Radiographically,the positions of the prostheses were normal,the average abduction angle of the cup was 39?,the average stem-shaft angle wes 141?,the positions of acetabular rotation centre were moved down and medially for average 9 mm and 11.5 mm respectively,the acetabular superolateral bone coverage of the hips was 89.5%,no radiolucent line was observed.[Conclusion]Total hip resurfacing arthroplasty has got good short-term results in the treatment of osteoarthritis secondary to dysplastic hip.Because of the less quantity and short follow-up time,the long-term results and indications for other kinds of dysplastic hip are worthy of further studying.