1. Problem of protect 6th permanent molar
Bilguun E ; Purevjav N ; Oyuntugs R
Innovation 2015;9(4):53-55
The age of 12 permanent molars 6 source formation, teeth grow footnote rows of teeth to catch various dental routine dental transferred under the grip. Operations and development perspective 6th gear teeth with dental row a key role to ensure a balance between teeth. This is the dental caries and other reasons deviations in adjacent teeth, jaw bones flaw, merge lengthen teeth, chewing on a toothpick footnote central line switch the arc fault is the key basic conditions.We study in MNUMS Dental school 2013-2014 customers in 1:1 ratio unfolded taken x-ray studied biological life in a sample of pictures of children over the age of 12 . Picture Image J 1.49b measurement statistics into the application development with SPSS 17.0.Biological age of 12 years old 6th gear teeth grow reach during our study involved 56 children , 18 ( 32.14 %) were taken in 6th gear teeth .Therefore, the 6th gear to be controlled from the start grow regular dental caries prevention laces jaw bone and teeth abnormalities shows the importance of the development.
2.Study result of some treatment effects in collagen induced arthritis mouse model
Khongorzul B ; Bilguun E ; Undarmaa E ; Tuul B ; Gudegmaa TS ; Choijamts G ; Chimedtseren S
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2012;162(4):111-117
IntroductionRheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorder that still remains a disease of unknown etiology and complex disease without a single treatment that is dominated by serious and debilitating sequalae resulting from synovial membrane, cartilage and progressive joint destruction involvement. There is a one major obstacle in elucidating the early events in the pathogenesis of RA has been the lack of definition of the initial features of the disease. To overcome these difficulties, various animal models have been developed. But Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) mouse model is known to be the most valuable animal model to explore the pathogenic process, molecular and cellular mechanisms of joint destruction, to discover the immune system respond and activation and to develop new effective treatment methods and useful drugs [1].Materials and Methods:Within this study we have used 40 male mice at age 6-8 weeksfor 0-60 days and divided into following 4 groups which are:I group–CIA induced mouse group treated with Derveger Jirgeruu (Saposhnicovia divaricata) (n=12) II group–CIA induced mouse group treated with Natriisalicylas (10%) (n=12) III group–Healthy control mouse group (n=8) IV group–CIA inducedcontrol mouse group (n=8). To induce CIA model, we have used standard method of Murali /2005/’s design. Standard drug Natriisalicylas (10mg/ 20gr), one of the often used drug anti-inflammatory and Mongolian herbal plant Derveger jirgeruu (Saposhnicovia divaricate) (0.26mg/20gr) were daily administered by orally, starting on day 21 until day 60.To evaluate and compare 2 drug’s anti-inflammatory effect, we have done clinical score evaluation (Kim W.U, 2002), laboratory testing and histological examination of the joints using standard methods.ResultTo summarize the research result, both medications have proven to be as a medication which has anti-inflammatory effect that decreased the signs and symptoms of RA by it is histological and laboratory analysis.Conclusions:1. CIA model was effectively induced, which have proven by clinical signs, laboratory result and histological examination.2. Within this study it has proven that traditional herbal medicine Derveger Jirgeruu (Saposhnicovia divaricate) (0.26mg/20g) have anti-inflammatory effect on CIA induced mouse model of Rheumatoid Arthritis, which have had similar effect asstandard non-steroid medicine Natriisalicylas (10mg/20g).
3. THE TREATMENT OUTCOME OF HEPATOCELLULAR CANCER
Gan-Erdene B ; Chinburen J ; Narmandakh TS ; Altanchimeg N ; Onon B ; Sanchin U ; Bilguun G ; Ankhbayar E ; Tuvshinbayar M
Journal of Surgery 2016;19(1):37-40
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the 6th most common cancer inthe world, but the first most commoncause of cancer death in Mongolia. Thereis no universally accepted consensuspractice guidelines for HCC owing to rapiddevelopments in new treatment modalities,the heterogeneous epidemiology and clinicalpresentation of HCC worldwide.Methods and Materials: This study wasconducted in the department of generalsurgery of Second Central Hospital ofMongolia between 2015 and 2016 on a totalof 36 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Results: The average of operationtime is a 132.2 min, the hospital stay 18.2days. Postoperative bleeding was 2.7% (1),encephalopathy 5.4% (2), wound infection5.4% (2), and incisional hernia 8.1% (3).There were not bile leak during 30 dayspostoperative day.Conclusion: Postoperative complicationis a comparable to different researcher.There were no death within first month.
4.A new diagnostic biomarker in early detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Batchimeg B ; Baljinnyam T ; Khulan U ; Khaliun M ; Bilguun E ; Munkhtsetseg B ; Terguunbileg B ; Chinzorig M ; Gan-Erdene B ; Bilegtsaikhan Ts ; Erkhembulgan P ; Batbold B ; Munkhbat B ; Munkhtuvshin N ; Munkhbayar S
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2021;197(3):10-16
Background and Aims:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer related death
in Mongolia. Early diagnosis is the very important management to increase successful treatment
and survival rate. Glypican-3 (GPC3) protein is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
tissue and in serum of HCC patients. Recent studies have been conducted and suggested as a
diagnostic biomarker for detecting HCC in the early stage. Therefore, we investigated the diagnostic
value of the serum GPC3 level and compared it to the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level as a diagnostic
biomarker of HCC.
Methods:
We enrolled a total of 90 participants and divided into 3 groups with HCC (30), with liver
cirrhosis (LC/30) and healthy (30) as the control group (30). GPC3 and AFP serum (sGPC-3, sAFP)
levels were measured using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The
diagnostic accuracy was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and
estimated sensitivity and specificity of each biomarker.
Results:
sGPC3 was significantly elevated in the HCC group as compared to liver cirrhosis and
healthy subjects (658±138.2 pg/ml, 378±25.5 pg/ml, 356.3±29 pg/ml) respectively. sGPC-3 sensitivity
was 96.6% and specificity was 100%. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for GPC3 was 0.999
(0.996- 1.0).
In comparison, the mean of AFP was significantly higher in HCC (16.9±11.7 ng/ml) than in LC (6.7±7.6
ng/ml) and in healthy subject (3.3±2.1 ng/ml) and AFP sensitivity was 43,3 %, specificity was 95 %
with an AUC of 0.808 (0.696- 0.921).
The combination of GPC-3 with AFP achieved the highest sensitivity (97.1%) and specificity (97%).
Conclusion
Serum GPC3 has a higher sensitivity than AFP for the early diagnosis of HCC.
Combination of two markers showed greatest diagnostic accuracy.
5.Involvement of Vitamin D in Immune system
Baljinnyam T ; Batchimeg B ; Zolzaya D ; Ganchimeg D ; Lkhaasuren N ; Oyungerel G ; Munkhtsetseg B ; Khaliun M ; Khulan U ; Bilguun E ; Batkhishig M ; Tulgaa L ; Bilegtsaikhan Ts ; Munkhbayar S ; Munkhtuvshin N ; Munkhbat B
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2020;192(2):51-59
Research of function of vitamin D on immune system has been studying since the study revealed
that vitamin D receptor is expressed on the surface of the immune cells. 1,2-dihydroxyvitamin
D3 [1,25(OH)2D], physiologically active form, can be generated through hydroxylation of
25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D], inactive form of vitamin D, in a liver, connecting with specific VDR
make biological action. Vitamin D make different biological actions depends on connecting with
different immunological cells. Some studies indicated that Vitamin D plays pivotal role in antibacterial
innate immune responses through regulating reaction of the main cells as macrophages and dendritic
cells. Moreover, calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is connected with VDRE, modulates the innate
immune response through directly inducing expression of catelicithin and β-defensin as antimicrobial
peptides, reducing secretion of IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a, RANKL, COX-2 as proinflammatory cytokines and
increasing production of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Vitamin D plays in proliferation and
differentiation of T and B cells and regulates the activities of over 500 genes. Vitamin D differently
impacts on per se stages of T cells’ proliferation. Vitamin D indirectly mitigates the differentiation from
immature B cells to plasma B cells while it directly impacts on regulation of overloaded production of
antibodies in plasma B cells. In conclusion, vitamin D modulates the innate- and adaptive immune
response through regulation on activation of APCells, proliferation and differentiation of immune cells,
secretion of some antibacterial peptides.
6.The effects of Particulate matter (PМ2.5) pollutants on cancer cells in in vitro model
Baljinnyam T ; Bilguun E ; Batchimeg B ; Zolzaya D ; Lkhaasuren N ; Oyungerel G ; Munkhtsetseg B ; Khaliun M ; Khulan U ; Batkhishig M ; Uranbileg U ; Sonomdagva Ch ; Bilegtsaikhan Ts ; Munkhbayar S ; Munkhtuvshin N ; Erkhembulgan P
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2021;197(3):17-25
Introduction:
Air pollution has become one of the major problems in socio-economic and health
issues in Mongolia. Among the various hazards of particulate matter (PM) pollutants, microorganisms
in PM2.5 and PM10 are thought to be responsible for various allergies and for the spread of respiratory
diseases. Recent studies have shown that PM2.5 particles can cause chronic heart failure, heart
arrhythmias, and strokes, as well as lung damage, cirrhosis, inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular
disease, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, some studies have concluded that PM2.5 particles
in the environment are a risk factor for gastrointestinal, liver, colon, and lung cancer as well as it
affects the growth and metastasis of various cancer cells caused by other factors. In our country, the
health effects of air pollution and the relationship between the pathogenesis of cancer research are
scarce. Therefore, the study of the effects of PM2.5 particles on cancer cell proliferation, migration
(metastasis) can provide a significant role for cancer treatment, diagnosis, and prevention.
Purpose:
Determining the effects of PM2.5 particles on cancer cell proliferation, migration (metastasis)
in in-vitro
Material and Methods:
A human liver cancer cell line (HepG2), human gastric cancer cell line (AGS)
were obtained from the central scientific research laboratory in the Institute of medical sciences.
HepG2, AGS cells were seeded at a concentration of 1*105 cells/mL in a culture flask and cultured
in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% antibiotic mix (penicillin, streptomycin) in a
humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37 °C. The cytotoxic effect of PM 2.5 in AGS, HepG2 cells were
evaluated by MTT, CCK8 assays. AGS, HepG2 cells were incubated in 96 well plates for 24h then
treated with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg ) of Bayankhoshuu, Buhiin urguu,
and Zaisan samples for 24h, respectively.
Results:
Concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml of samples collected from the Bukhiin urguu and
Zaisan in March increased HepG2 cell growth, while doses of 25, 50 μg/ml of samples collected from
Bayankhoshuu in March and December increased HepG2 cell growth. Therefore, concentrations of
25 and 50 μg/ml of samples collected from Bayankhoshuu in March increased AGS cell growth, while concentrations of 25, 100 and μg/ml of samples collected in December increased AGS cell growth.
However, no cytotoxic effect was observed in the sample collected from Zaisan in March, whereas
the PM2.5 sample enhanced AGS cell growth in dose dependent manner in December.(p <0.05)
Conclusion
High levels of heavy metals were detected in samples collected in December from
Bayankhoshuu, Bukhiin urguu and Zaisan of Ulaanbaatar. Concentration of 25 μg/ml of samples
collected from the Bukhiin urguu and Zaisan in March increased HepG2 cell growth. Concentrations
of 25 μg/ml of PM2.5 collected from three regions around Ulaanbaatar increased HepG2 and AGS
cell migration.