Objective: To analyze and identify the carotenoid in gingko seed.Methods: The chemical composition of the pigment from gingko seed was identified as carotenoid by UV absorption spectrum. Its content was determined by spectrophotometric method and its composition was analyzed and identified by thin-layer chromatography and HPLC method.Results: Gingko contained carotenoids, roughly about 489 ?g/100 g in which lutein, ?-carotene and ?-carotene amounted to 69.20%,15.80% and 7.45% respectively. Conclusion: Gingko contained large quantity of carotenoids, mainly lutein, and next in order ?-carotene and ?-carotene.

Frogs were caught from 4 towns in Huaxi of Guiyang and dissected.The collected spargana were used to infect young dogs for species identification.Results showed that the wild frogs were identified as Rana nigromaculata, and the infection rate was 16%(131/818) with an average intensity infection of 3.44 per frog, The tapeworm obtained from an infected dog was specified as Spirometra mansoni.

Objective To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)on cytokines expression in mice with different tidal volume(VT). Methods Thirty six SPF male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups:A group(spontaneously breathed 4 h),S and L group(mechanically ventilated 4 h,VT=6 mL/kg and VT=20 mL/kg). The three groups were then randomly divided into two subgroups(C and T group,n=6). Mice in C group were injected with NS,while that of T groups were injected with TNF-α at 20 μg/kg from tail intravenous. Morphological manifestation was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Ultrastructure of macrophages were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of TNF-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-10 in serum and BALF were measured by ELISA. The expression of NF-κB mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and WB,respectively. Results Compared with A and S group,following could be observed under light microscope in L group:the pulmonary interstitial edema,consolidation of part of the lung tissue,alveolar space fusion and a number of inflammatory cells infiltration. The expression of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 in serum and BALF,the expression of NF-κB mRNA and protein in macrophages of L group were significantly higher than those of A and S group(both P<0.05). The expression of these cytokines and NF-κB mRNA and protein were increased in T group (P < 0.05). The expression NF-κB is positively correlated with the expression of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6. Conclusion TNF-α is a key factor in inflammation of ventilation induced lung injury,which may provide a new method for prevention of VILI in clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the death causes of of dermatomyositis(DM)and polymyositis(PM)patients with interstitial pneumonia.Methods A retrospectively analysis of the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 15 dead DM and PM patients with interstitial pneumonia was carried out,and 23 survivors served as controls.Results The age of the dead group was(50.1?12.0)years old,and 12(80%)patients died within the six months after onset.The mortality was higher in the acute or subacute interstitial pneumonia patients than that in the chronic patients.With longer course of the disease,lung infections became the major cause of death.Significantly higher serum lactate dehydrogenase,glutamate- pyruvate transaminase,glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase levels were found in the dead group.The dead group had higher incidence of dyspnea and“Velcro”-like crackles and louer arterial oxygen pressure.The elevation of lactate dehydrogenase indicated worse prognosis.The elevation of creatine kinase and anti Jo-1 antibody werent the death causes. Conclusion The early onset of interstitial lung disease and lung infection were the major death causes in dermatomyositis and polymyositis patients.The earlier treatment of pneumonia-may improve the prognosis and reduce mortality.

Objective: To evaluate the health risk of drinking water in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2021 to 2022, so as to provide insights into ensuring the safety of drinking water. Methods: The monitoring data of drinking water from 2021 to 2022 in Ningbo City were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The routine indicators and disinfectant indicators (radioactivity indicators were excluded) of drinking water were evaluated according to the reference limits issued by Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006), and the qualification rates were calculated. The indicators with detection rate higher than 50% were selected, and assessed the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks via drinking water using the risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Results: A total of 1 678 samples were monitored in Ningbo City from 2021 to 2022. Sodium hypochlorite was the main disinfectant among 1 558 samples from centralized water supply (1 079 samples, 64.30%), and none of the 120 samples from decentralized water supply underwent disinfection treatment. The qualification rate of 88.38%, and the pollutants with a detection rate higher than 50% were nitrate, fluoride, trichloromethane and aluminum. The median carcinogenic risk value of trichloromethane was 2.964×10-6 (interquartile range, 3.909×10-6), and the median hazard quotient values of nitrate, fluoride, trichloromethane and aluminum were 1.631×10-2 (interquartile range, 1.361×10-2), 3.955×10-2 (3.164×10-2), 2.231×10-2 (2.942×10-2) and 2.136×10-4 (6.573×10-4), respectively. Conclusion The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks through drinking water for 17 pollutants in drinking water of Ningbo City from 2021 to 2022 were at low levels.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of oxytoein antagonist atosiban in the alternative rescue therapy of preterm labor.MethodsAlternative toeolysis atosiban was given as rescue therapy to 35 women,who had received ritodrine or magnesium sulphate but failed,due to either progression of labour or intolerable adverse events.Atosiban was administered for up to 48 hours.Efficacy and tolerability were assessed based on the proportion of women who did not deliver and did not need alternative toeolytie therapy at 48 hours and 7 days after therapy initiation.The numbers of maternal adverse events and neonatal morbidity were also assessed.ResultsEfficacy and tolerability at 48 hours and 7 days after atosiban nitiation were 77％(27/35)and 60％(21/35).One woman presented drug-related side effects with mild nausea and omiting.Thirty-four women have delivered and one bigemina(28 weeks)is being followed-up.In 34 women,11 delivered before 28 gestational weeks,17 delivered after 28 gestational weeks,3 delivered after 34 weeks and 3 had term delivery.Pregnancies were rolonged by 4 hours to 14+2 weeks.There were nine neonatal deaths,with gestational ages less than 28 weeks at delivery.Conclusion xytocin antagonist atosiban could be given as alternative rescue therapy if therapy with ritodrine or magnesium sulphate fails in the treatment of preterm labor,and it is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the clinical and laboratory diagnosis in a rare case with dwarifsm and multisystem abnormalities. Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed and data was processed using high-throughput data analysis pipeline. Genetic test result is veriifed by Sanger sequencing. Results This is a 14-year-old boy with short stature (the height is 132 cm) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. He was treated with long-term oral prednisone. Head CT from other hospital found multiple calciifcations on both sides of the basal ganglia, two sides of the frontal lobe, and the left side of parietal lobe. Lateral spinal X-ray photography showed lfat in thoracolumbar vertebral body. Valgus was surgically corrected. He also has facial pigmentation spot and onychomycosis. Whole-exome sequencing combined with Sanger sequencing identiifed a known homozygous pathogenic mutation in ACP 5 genes (c. 643 G>A, p.G 215 R). Identiifcation of such a mutation results in the diagnosis of spondylo enchondrody splasia with immune dysregulation (SPENCDI). Conclusions Whole-exome sequencing is one of the effective methods for detection of rare disease, the SPENCDI case reported here is a good example of it.

Objective To elucidate the expression of gankyrin in human gastric cancer cells and it's role in nimesulide induced apoptosis. Methods Four human gastric cancer cell lines including MKN28 (well differentiated), AGS (poorly differentiated), MKN45 (poorly differentiated), and SGC7901(moderately differentiated) were cultured and treated with nimesulide. Nimesulide induced growth inhibition and apoptosis of the cells were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and confirmed by flow cytometry. The expressions of gankyrin gene and protein were further assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results Gankyrin mRNA and protein were detected in all four human gastric cancer cell lines. The proliferations of AGS and SGC7901 cell lines were significantly suppressed by nimesulide in a time-dose dependent manner. When treated with 400 μmol/L of nimesulide for 48 hours, the significant apoptosis was found in AGS cells (23.30%±2.50%) and SGC7901 cells (16.80%±1.55% ) in comparison with controls (0.57%±0.19% and 0.88%± 0.17%, respectively, all P values <0.01). Apoptosis of AGS cells induced by nimesulide was accompanied by a considerably decreased gankyrin expression that was more significant at 24 hours (0.0035±0.0014) and 36 hours (0.0980±0.0160) in comparison with controls (0.4690±0.1190, all P values<0.01). Conclusion Gankyrin expresses in human gastric cancer cell lines and may be involved in nimesulide induced apoptosis of AGS cells.

Objective To analyze the effects of Leptospira interrogans ( L. interrogans) infection on the activation of NLRP3 in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells and to further understand the mechanism of inflam-mation caused by L. interrogans in different hosts. Methods Human mononuclear macrophage cell line (THP-1) and murine mononuclear macrophage cell line (J774A. 1) were infected with L. interrogans strain 56601. The expression of NLRP3 at mRNA and protein levels were measured by using real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The NLRP3-mediated secretion of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33 was detec-ted by ELISA combined with the NLRP3 inhibitory test. Results Compared with the normal cells, the ex-pression of NLRP3 at mRNA level in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells was respectively increased by 4. 05, 0. 34, 0. 33, 0. 06 and 1. 66 times at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h after infection ( P<0. 05), while that in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells was respectively increased by 12. 98, 16. 19, 10. 68, 5. 8 and 0. 57 times (P<0. 05). The expression rates of NLRP3 protein in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells respectively increased from 9. 26% to 94. 01%, 89. 24%, 31. 80%, 19. 74%, 11. 28% and from 18. 71%to 58. 78%, 43. 64%, 36. 42%, 76. 46%, 85. 21% at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h af-ter L. interrogans infection (P<0. 05). The level of IL-1β in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells was 73. 07 pg/ml, 939. 24 pg/ml, 939. 24 pg/ml, 843. 22 pg/ml and 851. 06 pg/ml at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h, respectively (P<0. 05), while the level of IL-1β in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells began to rise at the time point of 12 h from 191. 17 pg/ml to 254. 4 pg/mL at the time point of 24 h (P<0. 05). The level of IL-18 in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells was 913. 89 pg/ml, 808. 19 pg/ml, 483. 54 pg/ml, 204. 19 pg/ml and 189. 09 pg/ml at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h, re-spectively (P<0. 05), while the level of IL-18 in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells increased at the time point of 24 h, which was 113. 37 pg/ml (P<0. 05). A slight increase in the level of IL-33 was detected in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells at the time points of 12 h and 24 h to 201. 14 pg/ml and 155. 68 pg/ml, respectively (P<0. 05), but no significant change was detected in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells (P>0. 05). Results of the inhibitory test showed that the up-regulation of IL-1β , IL-18 and IL-33 in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells were effectively inhibited by the specific inhibitor of NLRP3. Conclusion NL-RP3 inflammasome was activated and involved in the production of specific inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-18 in both THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells after L. interrogans infection, but the inflammatory cytokines induced by L. interrogans infection varied in different cells. L. interrogans induced earlier and higher level of IL-1βand IL-18 production in human macrophages than in murine macrophages.