Objective To verify the performance of HBV detection reagents for Roche MODULRA E170 electrochemical lumi-nescence analyzer .Methods Referring to CLSI EP15-A document ,the minimum detection limit ,linear range ,precision and accuracy of the HBV detection reagents were verified .Results The intra-assay coefficient of variation ,total coefficient of variation ,linear range of HBsAb ,and minimum detection limits of HBsAg and HBeAg of the HBV detection reagents for MODULRA E170 electro-chemical luminescence analyzer all reached the performance claimed by manufacturer .Conclusion The performance of HBV detec-tion reagents for MODULRA E170 electrochemical luminescence analyzer is excellent ,and it can meet the needs of clinical diagnosis and treatment .

Objective:To study the effects of LSPC on impairment of learning and memory in mice induced by scopolamine and alcohol,and its possible mechanism.Method:One hundred male Kun-Ming mice were randomly divided into 2 batches,50 in each.Each batch was then divided into 5 groups(n=10):control,model,LSPC of 22.5,45,90 mg/kg bw.Group 3-5 was treated with lotus seedpod procyanidins(LSPC,dissolved in normal saline,22.5,45,90 mg/kg bw)by ig.each day for 20 d,while group 1-2 was treated with ig.normal saline.The model of learning and memory impairment was established by ip.3 mg/kg bw scopolamine hydrobromide or ig.40% alcohol in 0.1 ml/10 g bw respectively.Then,effect of LSPC on learning and memory in mice were tested by Y-maze.As to the mice whose learning and memory ability was impaired by alcohol,their brains were dissected out after Y-maze experiment for detecting the level of MDA,the activity of SOD and MAO-B.Results:The learning and memory abilities of mice impaired by scopolamine were remarkably improved after22.5 and 90mg/kg bw LSPC treatment.In the alcohol experiment,the impairment was significantly improved after three different doses of LSPC administration.The level of MDA was reduced,the activity of SOD increased and the activity of MAO-B decreased in mice that learning and memory was impaired by alcohol.Conclusion:LSPC can improve learning and memory abilities of the mice impaired by alcohol and scopolamine,and the mechanism in alcohol experiment probably lay on its suppressive effect on MAO-B activity and protection of neurons from oxidative stress.

Objective To investigate the effects of Leptospira interrogans ( L. interrogans) infec-tion on the activities of NADPH oxidase ( nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase) and the lev-els of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells and to understand the bactericidal mecha-nisms of macrophages in different hosts against L. interrogans. Methods Human mononuclear macrophage cell line (THP-1 cells) and murine mononuclear macrophage cell line (J774A. 1 cells) were infected with L. interrogans strain 56601. The activities of NADPH oxidase and the levels of superoxide ion ( O-2 ) were measured with spectrophotography. Changes in the levels of ROS were detected with immunofluorescence as-say. Results Compared with the normal cells, the activities of NADPH oxidase in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells changed from 0. 619 0 μmol · min-1 · mg-1 to 0. 305 5 μmol · min-1 · mg-1 , 6. 141 5μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 , 1. 487 1μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 and 0. 964 6μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 after 2, 4, 12 and 24 hours of infection, respectively (P<0. 05), while the activities of NADPH oxidase in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells were up-regulated from 0. 723 5μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 to 0. 884 2μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 , 1. 897 1μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 , 1. 125 4 μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 and 0. 562 7 μmol·min-1 ·mg-1 , respectively ( P<0. 05). The levels of O-2 in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells at the time points of 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h after infection increased from 0. 189 0μmol/L to 0. 236 3μmol/L, 0. 297 7μmol/L, 0. 324 0μmol/L and 0. 305 7 μmol/L, respectively (P<0. 05), while the levels of O-2 in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells rose from 0. 123 7 μmol/L to 0. 149 3 μmol/ L, 0. 249 0 μmol/ L, 0. 270 0 μmol/ L and 0. 272 7μmol/L, respectively (P<0. 05). The fluorescence intensity of ROS in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells increased gradually after infection with L. interrogans for 2 h and decreased after reaching the peak at 24 h. Conclu-sion Both the activities of NADPH oxidase and the levels of O-2 in J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells were signifi-cantly upregulated after infected with L. interrogans, especially in J774A. 1 cells. The results of this study provided references for further elucidating the bactericidal mechanisms of macrophages in different hosts against L. interrogans.

Objective To investigate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) and the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells during Leptospira interrogans (L. interrogans) infection for a better understanding of the mechanism of macrophages involved defense against L. interrogans strains in different hosts. Methods The human mononuclear macrophages (THP-1) and the murine mono-nuclear macrophages (J774A. 1) were infected with L. interrogans strain 56601. The expression of iNOS at mRNA and protein levels were determined by using real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. The lev-els of NO were detected with Griess test. Results The expression of iNOS at mRNA level in J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells infected with L. interrogans strains for 2, 4, 12 and 24 hours were respectively 1. 37, 2. 82, 25. 76, 27. 47 times and 1. 59, 3. 98, 3. 89, 8. 81 times than that of cells without infection (P<0. 05). The expression rates of iNOS protein in J774A. 1 cells were increased from 34. 16% to 85. 85%, 93. 82%, 91. 77% and 93. 65% along with the increased time of infection time (P<0. 05). The expression rates of iNOS protein in THP-1 cells were up-regulated from 22. 08% to 72. 64%, 81. 33%, 80. 03% and 65. 72%after 2, 4, 12 and 24 hours of infection (P<0. 05), respectively. Results of the Griess test indicated that the levels of NO in J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells were respectively increased from 0. 1588 μmol/L to 0. 2208μmol/L, 0. 2668μmol/L, 0. 3808μmol/L, 0. 3828μmol/L and from 0. 0988μmol/L to 0. 2848μmol/L,0. 3228 μmol/L, 0. 2608μmol/L and 0. 3308μmol/L after infection with L. interrogans strains for 2, 4, 12 and 24 hours (P<0. 05). Conclusion The expression of iNOS and the levels of NO in J774A. 1 and THP-1 cells were significantly increased during L. interrogans infection. This study might help to explain the bactericidal mechanism of macrophages derived from different hosts against L. interrogans infection.

Objective To analyze the effects of Leptospira interrogans ( L. interrogans) infection on the activation of NLRP3 in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells and to further understand the mechanism of inflam-mation caused by L. interrogans in different hosts. Methods Human mononuclear macrophage cell line (THP-1) and murine mononuclear macrophage cell line (J774A. 1) were infected with L. interrogans strain 56601. The expression of NLRP3 at mRNA and protein levels were measured by using real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The NLRP3-mediated secretion of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33 was detec-ted by ELISA combined with the NLRP3 inhibitory test. Results Compared with the normal cells, the ex-pression of NLRP3 at mRNA level in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells was respectively increased by 4. 05, 0. 34, 0. 33, 0. 06 and 1. 66 times at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h after infection ( P<0. 05), while that in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells was respectively increased by 12. 98, 16. 19, 10. 68, 5. 8 and 0. 57 times (P<0. 05). The expression rates of NLRP3 protein in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells respectively increased from 9. 26% to 94. 01%, 89. 24%, 31. 80%, 19. 74%, 11. 28% and from 18. 71%to 58. 78%, 43. 64%, 36. 42%, 76. 46%, 85. 21% at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h af-ter L. interrogans infection (P<0. 05). The level of IL-1β in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells was 73. 07 pg/ml, 939. 24 pg/ml, 939. 24 pg/ml, 843. 22 pg/ml and 851. 06 pg/ml at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h, respectively (P<0. 05), while the level of IL-1β in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells began to rise at the time point of 12 h from 191. 17 pg/ml to 254. 4 pg/mL at the time point of 24 h (P<0. 05). The level of IL-18 in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells was 913. 89 pg/ml, 808. 19 pg/ml, 483. 54 pg/ml, 204. 19 pg/ml and 189. 09 pg/ml at the time points of 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 12 h and 24 h, re-spectively (P<0. 05), while the level of IL-18 in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells increased at the time point of 24 h, which was 113. 37 pg/ml (P<0. 05). A slight increase in the level of IL-33 was detected in L. interrogans-infected J774A. 1 cells at the time points of 12 h and 24 h to 201. 14 pg/ml and 155. 68 pg/ml, respectively (P<0. 05), but no significant change was detected in L. interrogans-infected THP-1 cells (P>0. 05). Results of the inhibitory test showed that the up-regulation of IL-1β , IL-18 and IL-33 in THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells were effectively inhibited by the specific inhibitor of NLRP3. Conclusion NL-RP3 inflammasome was activated and involved in the production of specific inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-18 in both THP-1 and J774A. 1 cells after L. interrogans infection, but the inflammatory cytokines induced by L. interrogans infection varied in different cells. L. interrogans induced earlier and higher level of IL-1βand IL-18 production in human macrophages than in murine macrophages.

Objective:To investigate the application effect of Precede-Proceed model nursing in postoperative anti-osteoporosis treatment of patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture (OTLF).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 168 patients with OTLF admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2021 to June 2022, including 32 males and 136 females, aged 56-81 years [(72.0±6.6)years]. The fractured segments were T 1-T 10 in 29 patients, T 11-L 2 in 114 and L 3-L 5 in 25, all of whom were treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). The 86 patients admitted from September 2021 to January 2022 were treated with conventional care (conventional nursing group) and the 82 patients admitted from February to June 2022 with Precede-Proceed model care (Precede-Proceed model nursing group). The compliance rates of anti-osteoporosis treatment at 1 and 6 months postoperatively and at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups, mainly including standardized medication, balanced diet, exercise and regular return visit. Chinese Osteoporosis Quality of Life (COQOL) questionnaire, including pain degree, physical function, social interaction ability, psychological and mental function, and total score were assessed before, at 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up. Bone mineral density was measured preoperatively and at the last follow-up. Recurrence rate was recorded at the last follow-up. Results:All the patients were followed up for 12-16 months [(13.2±1.0)months]. There were 3 patients in the conventional nursing group and 2 in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group who were lost to follow-up. The compliance rates of standardized medication and regular return visit at 1 month after surgery were 97.5% (78/80) and 98.8% (79/80) in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group, which had no significant difference compared with 90.3% (75/83) and 96.4% (80/83) in the conventional nursing group ( P>0.05). The compliance rates of balanced diet and exercise at 1 month after surgery were 92.5% (74/80) and 91.3% (73/80) in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group, which were higher than those in the conventional nursing group [78.3% (65/83) and 73.5% (61/83)] ( P<0.05 or 0.01). The compliance rates of standardized medication, balanced diet, exercise and regular return visit at 6 months after surgery were 86.3% (69/80), 83.8% (67/80), 82.5% (66/80) and 90% (72/80) in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group, which were higher than those in the conventional nursing group [57.8% (48/83), 60.2% (50/83), 38.6% (32/83) and 37.3% (31/83)] ( P<0.01). At the last follow-up, the compliance rates of all the aspects in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group were 80% (64/80), 75% (60/80), 70% (56/80) and 82.5% (66/80), which were all higher than those of the conventional nursing group [36.1% (30/83), 54.2% (45/83), 26.5% (22/83) and 27.7% (23/83)] ( P<0.01). There were no statistical differences in COQOL scores including pain degree, physical function, social interaction ability, psychological and mental function and total scores between the two groups before surgery ( P>0.05). The pain degree, social interaction ability, psychological and mental function and total scores of COQOL in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group were lower than those in conventional nursing group at 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up ( P<0.05 or 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the physical function of COQOL scores at 6 months after surgery ( P>0.05). The physical function of COQOL scores in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group were significantly lower than that of the conventional nursing group at the last follow-up ( P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in preoperative bone mineral density between the two groups ( P>0.05). Bone mineral density in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group was (-2.7±0.9)SD at the last follow-up, which was higher than that in the conventional nursing group [(-3.1±0.9)SD] ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, bone mineral density of the Precede-Proceed model nursing group was significantly improved compared with that before surgery ( P<0.01), while there was no significant difference in the conventional nursing group ( P>0.05). The incidence of refracture in the Precede-Proceed model nursing group was 3.8% (3/80), which was lower than that in conventional nursing group [13.3% (11/83)] ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the conventional nursing mode, the Precede-Proceed model nursing can significantly improve the compliance rate of OTLF patients with postoperative anti osteoporosis treatment, improve their quality of life and bone quality, and reduce the incidence of refracture.

Objective:To investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on mindfulness attention awareness, experiential avoidance, and cognitive fusion in individuals with general anxiety disorder(GAD).Methods:A total of 53 patients aged 18-60 years who met the GAD diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 were selected from the Seventh People's Hospital of Hangzhou from May 2021 to September 2022.After receiving routine treatment, patients were randomly assigned to two groups: MBCT group( n=26) for an 8-week mindfulness cognitive therapy and health education group( n=27) for an 8-week health education program. Participants were evaluated using the generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7), acceptance and action questionnaire-2nd edition(AAQ-Ⅱ), cognitive fusion questionnaire(CFQ), and mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) before and after the intervention.Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software, with the chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and paired sample t-test. Results:(1)There was no significant difference in MAAS score between the two groups before the intervention (42.63±10.18, 47.67±9.52, t=-1.55, P=0.13). However, after the intervention, the MAAS score in MBCT group was significantly higher than that in the health education group(54.42±9.87, 47.83±7.59, t=-2.27, P=0.03). (2) No significant difference was observed in CFQ score between the two groups before the intervention (57.11±15.97, 53.50±12.01, t=-0.77, P=0.45). However, after the intervention, the CFQ score in the MBCT group was significantly lower than that in the health education group(38.32±10.31, 47.11±10.66, t=-2.51, P<0.01). (3) There was no significant difference in AAQ-Ⅱ scores between the two groups before the intervention(33.79±7.90, 30.00±7.23, t=1.52, P=0.14). After the intervention, the AAQ-Ⅱ score in the MBCT group was significantly lower than that in the health education group(21.89±8.69, 30.22±8.68, t=-3.51, P<0.01) . Conclusion:MBCT has a positive effect on enhancing mindfulness attention awareness, reducing cognitive fusion, and mitigating experiential avoidance in GAD patients.