Objective To explore the distribution and their characteristics of contact allergens in patients with eczema and dermatitis in Shenyang.Methods Patients who were clinically diagnosed as eczema or dermatitis in the Department of Dermatology,No.1 Affiliated Hospital of China Medical Univer sity between March 2008 to November 2008 were enrolled in this study.They were tested with a standardized screening antigen kit on their back or inner part of upper arm,and interpreted 72 hours after patching.Results Patch test was completed in 89 patients and 25 (28.09 ％) showed at least one positive allergen of 20 standardized screening antigens.Twenty-one patients had one positive allergen (23.60 ％) while 3 patients had two positive antigens (3.37 ％).No one showed three positive antigens,and four or more than 4 antigens were positive in 1 patient (1.12 ％).All antigens were negative in 30 patients (33.71％).The top four allergens were nickel sulfate,para-phenylenediamine,thimerosal,and fragrant mix in all 89 patients.There was no statistical difference between male group and female group.The top three allergens were nickel sulfate,thimerosal,formaldehyde in male group while para-phenylenediamine,nickel sulfate,fragrant mix were top three in female group (the last two were same).The positive rate of nickel sulfate and thimerosal was obviously higher in male group than female group,and the difference was statistically significant.No statistical significance of positive rate occurred between the youth group and the old group.Conclusions Patchtest is helpful in identifying the property of contact allergens in para eczema and dermatitis,and it is of significance in clinical prevention and treatment of such diseases.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection and its genotyping in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), as well as macrolide resistance and gene mutation genotyping, in order to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) in children.Methods:MP positive cases in 620 hospitalized children at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Sanshui District, Foshan City with CAP were detected.P1-RFLP genotyping was performed for the MP positive cases.The distribution of the MP positive, type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ in different years and different genders, ages as well as seasons were analyzed.The mutations of macrolide resistance genes in MP were detected.The differences of A2063G and A2064G mutations of the drug-resistant mutant gene in each year, gender, age and season were analyzed.Results:Among 620 children with CAP, 198 were MP positive, and the infection rate was 31.94%.There was little difference among the years.The infection rate was higher in female than that in male.The infection rate gradually increased with the increase of age, and the highest infection rates were found in pre-school age and school age.The infection rates in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter.Among 198 children, P1-RFLP classification showed that 157 (79.29%) cases were P1-Ⅰ and 41 (20.71%) cases were P1-Ⅱ.There was no significant difference in the distribution of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ in each year, gender, age as well as season.A total of 143 cases were tested for mutation of macrolide resistance gene, in 125 of them, MP gene mutation resulted in drug resistance, and the overall drug resistance rate was 87.41%.MP gene mutation led to drug resistance in 125 children, 66 (52.80%) cases had A2063G mutation and 53 (42.40%) cases had A2064G mutation.There was no significant difference between two types in each year, gender, age and season.Conclusion:MP infection rate of CAP among children in our hospital is 31.94%, and is more common in femal, and the infection rates are highest in pre-school age and school age, with summer and autumn as the season of high incidence.The P1-RFLP typing showes no significant differences among the years, genders, ages and seasons.The drug resistance gene mutation among children is high.Time, gender, age and season does not affect drug resistance gene mutation.