Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive evacuation of intracerebral hematoma in dog model of cerebral hemorrhage by using Purdy score, serum levels of neuron-specific-enolase (NSE) and numbers of perihematomal apoptotic cells. Method Twenty dogs were selected to prepoxe the model of cerebral hemorrhage, and they were randomly divided( random number) into minimally invasive treatment group and control group. Minimally invasive procedures were performed to evacuate the hematoma in minimally invasive treatment group in 6 hours after the models were established. The dogs of control group only received medical treatment. Purdy score and serum levels of neuron-specific-enolase were determined on 1,3,5,7 days after the evacuation of the hemotoma and apoptotic cells were counted after the dogs were sacrificed at 7 days after operation. All the results were compared with control group. Purdy score and serum levels of neuron-specific-enolase were compaired with variance analysis of repeated measurement design and apoptotic cells was compared with variance analysis of factorial design,the difference of the two groups showed with q test. P <0.01 showed the difference was significant. Results The Purdy scores in minimally invasive treatment group were 6.3 ± 1.702, 5.8 ± 1. 685,4.2 ± 1.762 and 4.1 ± 1.875 on 1,3,5 and 7 day after evacuation of the hematoma, significant difference was observed as compared with the control group(8.9 ± 1.632, 8.6± 1.342, 7.8±1.335, 7.9±1.468, P <0.01).The serum levels of neuron-specific-enolase were 0.632 ± 0.077, 0.721±0.771, 0.549±0.124 and 0.430 ±0.136 respectively in minimally invasive treatment group, while in the control group were 0.934 ± 0. 064, 0. 997 ±0.075, 0.986 ± 0.042, 0.874 ± 0.165, significant differences in serum levels of neuron-specific-enolase were found between the two groups(P < 0.01). The perihematomal apoptotic cells in minimally invasive treatment group(37.4 cells) was decreased significantly as compared with the control group(88.6 cells), with P < 0.01.Conclusions Minimally invasive procedures for evacuation of intracerbral hematoma might significantly reduce the neurological deficit score and decrease the serum neuron-specific enolase levels and numbers of apeptotic neurons.