Objective To study the effects and mechanisms of myocardial injury in schistosome-infected mice.To investigate the effects and mechanisms of quercetin on myocardial injury due to the development of hepatic fibrosis after being treated by Praziquantel.Methods Eighty mice were divided into four groups:group A,group B,group C,and group D.Group A,group B,and group C were infected with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae.After 8 weeks,group A was treated with Praziquantel 500 mg/kg for 2 d,group B was treated with quercetin 30 mg/(kg?d) for 8 weeks after being treated with Praziquantel 500 mg/kg for 2 d.Group C was taken as experimental control without any treatment.Group D was taken as normal control.At the week 16,all mice were sacrificed and a part of liver tissue and myocardium tissue were preserved.HE Staining,electric microscope,RT-PCR,and immunohistochemical technique were applied to observing the changes of hepatic and cardiac histopathology,myocardial ultramicrostructure,the expression of myocardial c-fos,c-jun mRNA,and the contents of myocardial transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1),typeⅠand typeⅢcollagen in mice infected with S.japonicum before and after treatments. Results There was different degree of myocardial injury among three groups of experimental control, Praziquantel treatment,Praziquantel combined with quercetin treatment.Praziquantel treatment relieved the degree of hepatic fibrosis and myocardial injury.The content of myocardial c-fos mRNA,c-jun mRNA,TGF-?1,typeⅠand typeⅢcollagen were obviously reduced compared to the experimental control. When Praziquantel treatment combined with quercetin,the degree of hepatic fibrosis and myocardial injury were further relieved.Although the content of myocardial c-fos mRNA,c-jun mRNA,TGF-?1, typeⅠand thypeⅢcollagen were still higher than those in normal control,those were reduced significantly compared to the group treated with Praziquantel.Conclusion Hepatic cirrhosis due to advanced schistosomiasis may lead to cardiac remodeling by stimulating the expression of immediate early gene and promoting the overexpression of TGF-?in myocardium.Anti-fibrosis therapy can reduce the degree of cardiac remodeling.Quercetin may protect myocardium through reducing the degree of hepatic fibrosis and inhibiting the expression of immediate early gene,which could decrease the level of myocardial TGF-?1.

Objective To study the endoscopic anatomy of operative fissures in the sellar region related to pterional key-hole approach and to provide the anatomic basis for endoscope-assisted microneuro-surgery in the region. Methods Fifteen cadaver heads were dissected via pterional key-hole approach and the five operative fissures(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ) were studied with both microscope and endoscope, by which the outcomes observed were recorded and compared. Results The basic information obtained by the pterio-nalkeyhole approach was comparable to that of the classic ptefional approach. According to the anatomic guideposts under neuroendoscope, the microstructures of the five fissures and Willis' circle would be well demonstrated. It is better to display the various anatomic structures in sellar region by neuroendoscope rather than microscope, particularly some important microstructures. Angled endoscope can be used to inspec thidden but important structure behind the arteries and nerves. Conclusion According to the anatomic guideposts, an endoscopy can be used to enhance the visible field of an operative microscope related to pterional key-hole approach. The endoscope-assisted microsurgery can reduce complications and injury of the important structures and increase the curative effect on the lesions in the sellar region.

Adolescent ; Attention ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Weight Loss ; physiology

Objective To evaluate a new type of bone graft material made by combining bFGF,BMP with AACB in the clinic repair of ANFH(avascular necrosis of the femoral head)in animal experiments.Methods The combined material of bFGF/BMP/AACB was made and then this composite was transplanted to the models of canine femoral head defects and necrosis established by liquid nitrogen freezing,The specimens were harvested respectively at the end of three,six and 12 weeks after operation.A series of examinations were carried out to evaluate the repair results,including gross observation,radiography,histology,image pattern analy sis,blood vessel immuhistochemical staining,EDAX(energy dispersion analysis X-ray),and mechanical measurement.Results All the animals had no toxic or inflammatory reactions.Little new bone formed in group A(control group)by the end of 12 weeks.Group B(AACB group)was better than group A,and group C(BMP/AACB group)better than group B in osteogenesis.All the results showed that group D(bFGF/BMP/AACB group)was much superior to groups A,B and C in angiogenesis and osteogenesis at all intervals,and even better than group E(bone autograft group)by the end of three weeks and six weeks.By the end of 12 weeks,bone repairing and remodeling effects in group D were as good as in group E.Conclusions Since the bFGF/BMP/AACB compsite has great potential for enhacing revascularization and osteogenesis in repairing the defect and necrosis model of canine femoral head,it can be used as a substitute bone graft material for clinical patients with ANFH.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequeney ablation on tachyrhythmia and cardiac acute injure.Methods Endomyocardin was signified and ablated using routine methods,the effects of radiofrequency ablation on cardiac autonomic nerve function,cardiac systolic function,radiofrequency electric injury and changes of troponin,SOD and endothelin level in pre-operation and post-operation were evaluated to study RFCA procedure caused cardiac acute injury.Results Thirty-eight patients with tachyarrhythmia underwant RFCA.The successful rate was 100%,and none had serious complications.Postoperative LF and HF were reduced significantly as compared with preoperation,Atrium and ventricle premature beats had no significant difference before and after RFCA.Cardiac systolic function had no significant changes before and after procedure,but troponin,SOD and endothelin levels were significantly higher in postoperation than those of preoperation.Conclusions RFCA is a principal therapy of tachyarrhythmia because its excellent therapeutic effect,less side effect and eradication,RFCA has acute cardiac injury,but the injury is slight.

Objective The calcium oxalate stone is the most common type of the kidney stones.By building the rat renal calcium oxalate stone model, preliminary study the function of CaSR-Claudin14 regulating pathways on renal calcium oxalate stone for-mation model in rats. Methods 30 Male S-D rats were randomly divided into control group (n=15) and model group (n=15). Adult male S-D rats were given ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride to induce urolithiasis.Application of full automatic biochemical analyzer to test rat renal function and the changes of urine biochemical index.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CaSR protein;RT-PCR was used to detect the Claudin-14 mRNA expression;Western Blotting was used to detect the expression of CaSR and Claudin-14 protein respectively. Results By observing model group has large stones crystallization under light microsco-py;model group rats 24 h urine calcium are significantly higher than control group([9.66 ±1.10]mmol vs [3.26 ±0.60]mmol, P<0.01); and model group 24 h urine volume are significantly higher than control group ([21.27 ±1.08]mL vs [13.2 ±0.55]mL, P<0.01 ); and urinary PH has no significant difference between the groups( P >0.05 ) .Expression of Claudin-14 mRNA in the model group is significantly higher than normal control group([0.150 ± 0.004] vs [0.047 ±0.008], P<0.01); Expression of Claudin-14 protein in the model group is significantly higher than normal control group([1.526 ±0.089] vs 0, P<0.01).Expression of CaSR protein in the model group is significantly higher than normal control group([6.697 ±0.051] vs [5.016 ±0.053], P<0.05). Conclusion CaSR can raise the expression of Claudin-14, increase re-nal tubular urinary calcium excretion to promote renal calcium oxalate stone formation.

Objective To find an effective method to prevent expanding flap from necrosis when expanders were removed. Methods After the expanders were removed, dexamethasone (5mg/kg) was injected into vein immeadiately when flaps showed blood flow disturbance, then decreased gradually and stopped until 6 days after operation. Results 33 of 35 patients recovered completely, and other 2 flaps survived mostly. Conclusion Dexamethasone given immeadiately could prevent expanding flap from necrosis.

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in the elderly from Changsha city.Methods Using stratified sampling,2500 elderly in Changsha were included for the investigation by questionnaire and physical examination.The influencing factors were analyzed with univariate analysis and two-level models.Results Among 2500 persons,the valid questionnaires were 2254,the effective rate was 90.16％.About 39.71％ (895/2254) of Changsha's elderly were in overweight and obesity (BMI≥ 24 kg/m2).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in BMI among different area,education degree,income,marital status,drinking wine,drinking tea,physical exercises and occupation (x2＝ 304.17,18.39,19.35,12.93,13.29,11.77,12.87,12.84,all P＜0.05).The results of two-level models indicated that the independent influencing factors were income,physical exercises,drinking wine,age and occupation.Conclusions It is necessary to take interventional measures against elderly obesity and to encourage the elderly taking physical exercises and keeping reasonable diets.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of combined medical thera-py with amitriptyline, cimetidine and intravesical resiniferatoxin post-hydrodistention for patients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC). Methods Twenty-nine patients with PBS/ IC according to NIDDK criteria were enrolled. There were 6 males and 23 females with average age of 52±14 years and average duration of symptoms of 3.7±1.9 years before diagnosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Non-concomitant disease group included 10 cases without concomitant disease and 7 cases with unrelated diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Concomitant disease group included 5 cases with history of bladder neck incision, 3 cases with history of transurethral re-section of the prostate, 2 cases with history of gynecologic disease and 2 cases with history of gyneco-logic operation. Patients of concomitant disease group still had the painful bladder syndrome after 3 months when the primary disease had been cured. All patients were treated with amitriptyline (25 mg twice a day), cimetidine (800 mg per day) and intravesical resiniferatoxin (1-2 times) post-hydrodis-tention. The primary assessment index was O'Leary-Sant score. The secondary assessment index was pelvic pain score, mean voiding times per day and mean volume of each micturating. The data of pa-tients before treatment and after follow-up≥9 months were collected to evaluate the efficacy and prog-nostic factors of the combined treatment. Results The mean follow-up for all patients was 9.2±6.0 months. Patients were followed up at month 1 and month 6 after discharge. Then, patients would be followed up at each 6 months interval. The overall remission rate was 65.5% (19/29). Complete re-mission rate was 41.4% (12/29). Partial remission was 24. 1% (7/29). Non-remission rate was 34.5% (10/29). For all patients, the pre-treatment mean voiding times per day were 29±15, voiding volume each time was 64±36 ml, average O'Leary Sant score was 23. 8±4.8, and they were signifi-cantly improved post-treatment (17±12 times, 172±108 ml, 13. 3±10.4, respectively, P<0.001). O' Leary-Sant score of concomitant disease group was lower than that of non-concomitant disease group (21.5±4.7 vs 25.4±4.3, P=0.030). However, complete remission (8.3%, 1/12) of con-comitant disease group was lower than that(64. 7%, 11/17) of non-concomitant disease group (P= 0. 003). In independent variables of patients age, sex, duration of symptom, O'Leary Sant score pre-treatment, and whether or not with concomitant disease, according to the results of Logistic Regres-sion, patients with concomitant disease would have poor prognosis (P-0.008, partial regression coef-ficient was -3. 899, OR was 0. 020). Conclusions Treating PBS/IC patients with amitriptyline, ci-metidine and intravesical resiniferatoxin post-hydrodistention is effective. However, concomitant dis-eases such as gynecologic disease or urethra operation history can impair the effectiveness of these treatment.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; surgery ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Nose Neoplasms ; surgery