Objective To detect the salivary levels of IgA,alpha-amylase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and saliva flow rates of IgA in normal controls versus Parkinson disease (PD) patients,and to analyze the correlation of these salivary biochemical indexes with disease duration,H&Y rating scale,SCOPA-AUT score,sialorrhea score,dry mouth score and the use of levodopa.Methods Thirty-eight PD patients including twenty-two patients treated with levodopa,and twenty-one normal controls were selected in our study.About 3 ml saliva was collected from each subject.Salivary IgA was detected by immunoturbidimetry.Alpha-amylase and AChE were tested by enzymatic colorimetry.The protein concentration was analyzed by BCA kit to normalize ACHE.The salivary flow rate and IgA flow rate were also calculated.Results Salivary flow rate (ml/min) was (0.39±0.22) in normal controls,and (0.35±0.28) in PD groups;the level of IgA (mg/L) was (148.3±86.1) in normal controls,and (183.7±126.3) in PD groups;IgA flow rate (μg/min) was (47.8±25.9) in normal controls,and (46.9±27.1) in PD groups;the level of alpha-amylase (U/L) was (1.63 ± 1.21) × 105 in normal control,and (1.35 ± 9.87) × 105 U/L in PD group;and the level of AChE (U/mg) was (0.12±0.08) in normal controls,and (0.09±0.05) in PD group.No statistically significant differences in above indexes were found between PD group and controls.There were negative correlations between salivary flow rate and dry mouth score (r =-0.445,P =0.005) and between alpha-amylase concentration and sialorrhea score (r=-0.327,P=0.045).The positive associations were found between IgA concentration and the SCOPA-AUT score (r =0.438,P =0.006),and between IgA flow rate and sialorrhea score (r =0.411,P =0.01).Conclusions Salivary flow rate and level of alpha-amylases tend to be decreased in PD patients,while IgA concentration has an upward tendency.Salivary alpha-amylases concentration and IgA flow rate are correlated with the symptom of sialorrhea,while IgA concentration correlates with the degree of autonomic symptoms.These measurements can be used as indexes for evaluating the lesions of the autonomic nervous system.

Objective To investigate the distribution of TCM Syndromes of Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods The 125 PD patients were graded according to Hoehn-Yahr(H&Y) criteria for assessment.The assigned TCM physician investigated TCM syndromes of these patients with the structured questionnaire which was based on literature and experience of experts.Results Of 125 cases,96 ones(76.8%) presented a single syndrome,and 29 ones(23.2%) presented complex syndrome.The positive rate of main syndrome was in an order of deficiency of both the Spleen and Kidney(22.4%),yin deficiency of the Liver and Kidney(18.4%),yang deficiency of the Spleen and Kidney(16%),qi deficiency of both qi and yin(15.2%),phlegm-heat stirring up the wind(12.8%),qi deficiency with blood stasis(4.8%),deficiency of both yin and yang(4%),damp abundance due to the Spleen deficiency(3.2%),endoretention of damp heat(1.6%),stagnation of the Liver qi with deficiency of the Spleen and Liver fire flaring(0.8%).There existed a significant difference in the distribution of TCM syndromes in H&Y 1.0~1.5 and H&Y 2.0~3.0(P

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of rotatory hinge prosthesis replacement for treatment of giant cell tumors around knee joint. Methods Thirty-one patients with giant cell tumors of bone around the knee from January 2001 to January 2008 in our hospital were reviewed. There were 13 males and 18 females. Their ages ranged from 19 to 56 and the mean age was 33.5. The anatomic site for the lesions were the distal femur (20 cases) and proximal tibia (11 cases). Using Companacci’s staging system: 7 patients were classified as grade Ⅱ and 24 as grade Ⅲ. The patients were grouped as follows: the tumor breaking through the cortex with an extraosseous mass in 2 patients,having pathologic fracture in 3,representing more biologically-aggressive lesions in 5,and having one or more local recurrences in 21. All patients had been treated with en block excision and reconstruction with rotatory hinge prosthesis. Results According to the follow-up for 12 to 96 months,all patients had no local recurrence or metastasis. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was 24.0?2.5,with an excellent limb function in 23 patients,good in 6 patients,and fair in 2 patients. The overall excellent and good function was obtained in 93.5% of the patients. Conclusion Rotatory hinge prosthesis replacement is an effective method to treat giant cell tumors of bone around the knee joint. It also can reduce the local recurrence and obtain better the outcomes.

Objective To study factors that may increase the expression of human ? synuclein gene in prokaryotic cells. Methods proEXNACP vector was transferred into competence cells. Factors such as IPTG levels, initial concentration of cells, type and pH of media, time and temperature of induction were studied in relation to the production of ? synuclein. Results IPTG concentration and pH change does not have a significance impact on ? synuclein production. But the time and temperature of induction, media and initial concentration of cells significantly affected the expression.Conclusion The best condition for the production of ? synuclein includes factors such as LB media with an initial concentration of cells of 0 5\|0 8 A at 37℃ culture with oxygen of 180?rpm/min for 1 2?hours.

Axial symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as gait disturbance and postural instability, do not respond well to anti-Parkinson drugs or deep brain stimulation.It has been reported that spinal cord stimulation can improve these symptoms, but the effects are not consistent.This article reviews animal experiments and clinical trials on spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, in order to explore the mechanisms of action of spinal cord stimulation and give some suggestions for future research and clinical application.

Objective To determine the interleukin(IL)-17 concentrations in serum and synovi-al fluid from patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA),and evaluate their correlation with disease severity. Methods Serum and synovial fluid were collected from 100 patients with primary knee OA;age-and sex-matched 50 healthy subjects provided serum samples as controls.OA severity and grade were assessed u-sing the Lequesne index and Kellgren and Lawrence(K-L)grading system,respectively.The expression of IL-17 was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL-17 concentrations were significantly higher in patients than in controls(P <0.05).In the patient group,patients with K-L grade 3 and 4 had higher synovial IL-17 levels than those with K-L grade 2(P <0.05).At the same time,com-pared with K-L grade 3,there was a higher IL-17 level in K-L grade 4 patients(P <0.05).Synovial fluid IL-17 concentration was positively correlated with Lequesne index(r =0.6232,P <0.05).There was no correlation between serum IL-17 concentrations and Lequesne index,however.Conclusion The expres-sion of IL-17 was significantly increased in serum and synovial fluid of knee from patients with knee OA. There was a positive correlation between synovial fluid IL-17 concentrations and OA severity.It suggests that the imbalance of IL-17 expression plays a certain role in the pathogenesis of OA.

0.05;AGC R 1 to R 2 P 0.05.The invasive depth of the lesion corresponded to the degree of lymph node metastases.No relation was found between tumor size and the survival rate.The prognosis of type Ⅲ EGC and AGC with infiltration was poor.Conclusions: Biological behavior of gastric cancer can be used as a guide to operation type.We proposed that EGC should undergo subtotal gastrectomy plus R 1 or selective R 2 ,and AGC should undergo subtotal gastrectomy or near total gastrectomy plus R 2 or selective R 3 ,with a margin of at least 5 cm from the tumor.

[Objective]To explore the indications and operative techniques for comminuted fracture of proximal humerus. [Method] Twelve patients with fracture of proximal humerus were chosen, observation was made after locking proximal humerus plate fixation with anterior acromioplasty. [Result]The average follow-up period were 12 months (6～24months). All patients' fracture in surgery group had been union and all shoulder had good functions. No incidence of avascular necrosis and nonunion was found. [Conclusion]Rigid fixation of displaced comminuted fractures of proximal humerus with anterior acromioplasty is a simple and effective technique to prevent subacromial impingement syndrome after surgery. Precise osteotomy and early postoperative exercises are the key to success.

[Objective]To study the effect of repairing of rat peripheral nerve defect with engineering artificial nerve composed with Schwann cells and poly lactic glycoli aced(PLGA).[Method]Human Schwann cells were vaccinated into PLGA tube with polyglactin 910.Sixty SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly with 20 rats in each one: group A,self-nerve graft;group B,Schwann cells artificial nerve;group C,pure PLGA.Evaluations of electrophysiological and histological examines were carried out 8 weeks ad 12 weeks after operation.[Result]The outcome of group B showed similar to group A in general and histological study,however it expressed slightly lower in electrophysiological study,muscle weight and nerve fiber quantity.Marked neuron could be found in spinal cord after group B had been traced.Large number of regeneration nerve fibers could be seen from electron microscope.[Conclusion]The tissue engineering artificial nerve composed with Schwann cells is able to repair 20 mm defects of peripheral nerve,and it has an approximate treatment effect to the self-nerve grafting.