Great efforts have been made in the prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy in China.Nevertheless,the coverage percentage of screening is still low,and the capability of diagnosis is far from enough.To elevate the efficacy of prenatal screening,developing fast aneuploidy diagnositic techniques is quite important.Cell-free DNA testing is believed to be a confirmatory screening test of aneuploidy.Fluorescence in situ hybridization,fluorescence quantitative PCR might be used in the prenatal diagnosis in high risk women.Chromosomal microarray analysis has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of microdeletion and microduplication.The era of cytomolecular diagnosis is coming.

Objective To study the influence of ceftriaxone and imipenem to sepsis in the rat intestinal flora and bacterial drug resistance.Methods 8 rats were randomly included in normal control group from 48 healthy SD,and the rest of them were built the endotoxin sepsis model using 15 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin.According to whether to apply antibiotics and application deadlines in 24 h after modeling,40 rats were randomly subdivided into sepsis without treatment group,sepsis ceftriaxone 3 d group,sepsis ceftriaxone 7 d group,sepsis imipenem 3 d group and sepsis imipenem 7 d group(n=8).During ceftriaxone and imipenem injection treatment,in the corresponding time,colon contents were taken for enterobacteriaceae,enterococcus strains of quantitative culture and bacteria and fungi identification. Results After treatment with antibiotics,the number of rat intestinal bacteria decreased significantly(P<0.05).Ceftriaxone selected pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter cloacae,while imipenem selected klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus and excrement enterococcus conditional pathogenic bacteria.All showed the inclination resistance. Conclusion Ceftriaxone and imipenem antibiotics could decrease the original bacteria number,so pseudomonas aeruginosa and excrement enterococcus conditional pathogenic bacteria could become advantage bacterium group,causing intestinal micro ecological environment disruption.

Objective To explore the feasibility of transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy in children. Methods From February 2005 to February 2006, transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy was performed on 76 children with acute or suppurative appendicitis. After two 0.5-cm incisions were made at the inferior and right-lateral margins of the umbilical ring, two trocars sized 5.5 mm in outer diameter were inserted into the abdominal cavity. Under a laparoscope, the appendix was detected and clipped at the middle part. After the pneumoperitoneum was evacuated, the two incisions were connected, and the whole appendix was pulled out. Then, appendectomy was performed using the traditional method. Results In this series, the mean operation time was (20.6?6.4) min (range: 15-40 min), and the mean postoperative flatulence-relief time was (12.0?3.5) h (range: 4-18 h). In all the patients, the surgical wound healed primarily. One month after the operation, one patient developed suture foreign body reactions, and was cured without scars around the hilum after the suture material was removed. The 74 patients were followed up for 2-14 months [mean, (7.3?3.6) months], none of the patients had incision scars in the umbilical area. Conclusion Transumbilical laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy is feasible in children with simple suppurative appendicitis.

Objective To study effects of allogeneic blood transfusion on the level of cytokines in esophageal cancer patients.Methods Serum IFN ?,TNF ? and IL 10 of 18 esophageal cancer patients undergoing transthoracic esophageal resection who were exposed to allogeneic transfusions(non leukoreduced)were measured to compare with those of 16 similar patients undergoing same operations who were exposed to leukodepleted blood in the perioperative period.Results Serum TNF ?, IFN ?, and IL 10 levels in patients exposed to nonleukoreduced allogeneic transfusions increased on the first day after transfusion,with the latter two cytokines showing significant elevation( P

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of trans-umbilicus two-port laparoscopic procedures in pediatric surgery.Methods Sixty children (age, 3 months～14 years; mean, 3.5 years) with indirect inguinal hernia and 40 children (age, 2.5～14 years; mean, 6.3 years) with appendicitis underwent supra-high ligation and appendectomy, respectively, by using mini laparoscope from January 2003 to December 2003. During the supra-high ligation, the camera and forceps were respectively introduced via the left and right side of umbilical ring, and a hernial-ring needle with suture was brought in at the site of body surface projection of internal ring to apply external knotting. During the appendectomy, laparoscopic instruments were put through the site of right McBurney’s point, and explorations for contralateral hernia or other digestive tract malformations were applied simultaneously. Results All the operations were completed smoothly. The mean operating time was 8.5 min and 55.7 min in hernia repair (per side) and appendectomy, respectively. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 1～2 days in children with indirect inguinal hernia and 5～7 days in children with appendicitis. Follow-up for 3～12 months showed no recurrence of hernia except for 1 case of intraoperatively misdiagnosed latent hernia, which relapsed 2 months after the surgery. Postoperative abdominal cavity infection took place in 2 cases of perforated appendicitis. Conclusions Trans-umbilicus two-port laparoscopic technique is simple to perform, safe and minimally invasive. The technique has fewer complications and gives satisfactory cosmetic results, being highly recommended.

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairments. Currently, the treatment mainly relies on pharmacotherapy, yet its effectiveness is limited and accompanied by adverse reactions. Multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPI), which combine two or more non-pharmacological intervention approaches, can synergistically improve cognitive function, neuropsychiatric symptoms, activities of daily living, and quality of life in AD patients, and offers advantages of safety, cost-effectiveness and simplicity. This article reviews MNPI-related literature published domestically and internationally from 2018 to 2024, and focuses on the application of cognitive training, physical activity, and other combined intervention methods in MNPI, providing the reference for developing personalized interventions for AD.

Objective To confirm the vancomycin loaded gelatin/β-TCP composite porous scaffolds could be used as sustained-release system,and investigate its efficiency of eliminating infections and repairing bone defects for the treatment of infected bone defects in rabbit.Methods The biodegradable gelatin sponge containing different contents (0,10％,30％,50％) of β-tricalcium phosphate ceramic (β-TCP) was prepared for the controlled-release of vancomycin and labeled with G-0 TCP,G-10 TCP,G-30 TCP and G-50 TCP respectively.Examinations of scanning electron microscopy,porosity analyses and mechanical test were performed.The K-B method was used to investigate the controlled release of vancomycin.Chronic Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis models of rabbit were established.After thorough debridement,the infected bone defects were treated in four different groups:blank control group,G-0 TCP group,G-10 TCP group,and G-30 TCP group.At 4 and 8 weeks after implantation,X-ray and histological examinations were carried out to investigate the efficiency of eliminating infections and repairing bone defects.Results The prepared gelatin/β-TCP scaffold exhibited a homogeneously interconnected-3-D porous structure.And the β-TCP granules were localized evenly on the walls of the composite scaffold.There were no significant differences in the pore size of different scaffolds.However,the β-TCP granules can improve the interconnection.The porosity exhibited an obvious increase in G-10 TCP and G-30 TCP composite scaffolds compared with G-0 TCP scaffold.In contrast,too high content of β-TCP granules decreased the porosity.And the porosity exhibited an obvious reduction in the G-50 TCP composite scaffold.The compressive modulus of the vancomycin loaded scaffolds increased with the increase of the β-TCP amount.The scaffold G-0 TCP exhibited the longest duration of vancomycin release and the duration reached 8 weeks.With the increased content of β-TCP granules,the release duration shortened obviously.Compared with the G-50 TCP composite scaffold,the G-10 TCP and G-30 TCP composite scaffolds revealed a better controlled release of the drugs,and the total amount of the drugs was released within 7 weeks.However,the total amount of vancomycin released from the G-50 TCP composite scaffold lasted for 3 weeks.In the treatment of chronic MRSA osteomyelitis of rabbits,the G-30 TCP composite scaffold showed a better performance in the eliminating infections and bone defects repair.At 8 weeks after implantation,signs of osteomyelitis,including osteolysis,development of periosteal reactions,and sequestral bone formation were observed in the animals of blank control group.Signs of infection were absent in other treatment group.In the group treated with G-30 TCP composite scaffold,the bonedefects were repaired completely at 8 weeks after implantation.However,in the groups treated with G-0 TCP and G-10 TCP composite scaffold,the bone defects were not repaired.Conclusion The composite scaffolds could achieve local therapeutic drug levels over an extended duration.And the gelatin with 30％ β-TCP granules composite scaffold had optimal porosity,interconnection,mechanical properties and controlled release performances.It exhibited good performances in infection control and bone defect repair in the chronic MRSA osteomyelitis model.

BACKGROUND:The mechanical performance and cytocompatibility of polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) scaffold is poor via long-term experiments; therefore, other materials are added to the scaffold in order to improve its biological activity and mechanical properties. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the preparation process of carbon fiber (CF)-PLA-PEG scaffold, and to test its performance. METHODS:Modified CF-PLA-PEG composite scaffolds were prepared using solution injection-particle leaching method. Ultra-structure, porosity, water-absorbing quality, degradation rate and mechanical properties of CF-PLA-PEG composite scaffolds and PLA-PEG scaffolds were compared. Rat osteoblasts were co-cultured with these two kinds of scaffoldsin vitro, and the cel adhesion rate was detected by precipitation method after 12 hours. Cel counting was detected using MTT method to determine the cel proliferation at culture days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The surface structure of PLA-PEG distributed uniformly, and the aperture was (404.0±10.5) μm. The carbon fiber surface of modified CF-PLA-PEG composite scaffolds had a lot of longitudinal grooves, the surface structure also distributed uniformly, and the aperture was (433.0±3.0) μm. Difference in scaffold aperture was of significance between the two groups (P < 0.05). The porosity, water-absorbing quality, elasticity modulus, compressive strength, degradation rate, cel adhesion rate and cel growth rate of CF-PLA-PEG were better than those of PLA-PEG (P < 0.05). These results show that the CF-PLA-PEG scaffolds have good mechanical property and cel compatibility.

In this study, we applied generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model to conditional fluctuation characteristics of heart rate variation (HRV) series (congestive heart failure, Normal), with all the data from PhysioNet ECG database. Research results proved the existence of condition fluctuation characteristic in the series of changing rate of HRV. In the GARCH model family, threshold GARCH (1,1)(TGARCH (1,1)) model performs best in fitting changing rate of HRV. Although the structure of ARCH (1) model is simple, its error is the closest to that of TGARCH (1, 1) model. The results also showed that the difference was obvious between disease group and normal group. All these results provide a new method to the research and clinical application of HRV.
Cardiology ; trends ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular

AC133 Antigen ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Glioma ; pathology ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; etiology ; pathology ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Radiation Tolerance