Cisplatin is a first-line anticancer drug widely used in clinic. However, its resistance reduces its efficacy. With a non-specific cell cycle, cisplatin's main targets are nucleophilic protein, DNA and RNA in cells. Among cisplatin's multi-factorial resistance mechanisms, abnormal expression of transport protein, intracellular detoxification enhancement, DNA repair capacity increase and apoptosis blocking are the main mechanisms. Because traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have unique advantages in cancer treatment, their combination with cisplatin can improve the efficacy. In this paper, the authors summarized the advance in studies on cisplatin's resistance and the combination of TCMs and cisplatin in recent years.
Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; therapy

0.05) in tail flick test.MPE% in group MK was always higher than group M and descended more slowly than group M,especially from the d4 to d8(P0.05). Conclusion Ketamine could block the development of morphine tolerance partly due to its inhibition effect on pCREB protein.

Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Gene Targeting ; methods ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

Objective To evaluate the current methods for psychiatry clinical internship and needs for innovation from the perspectives of medical undergradutes.Methods Independent interview on patients and their relatives as well as social psychological interview were conducted for five-year psychiatry majors in clinical internship (n =72).Self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the teaching feedback concerning the practice effect and teaching method tendency.Data were analyzed by t test and P ＜ 0.05 signifies statistically significant differences.Results Medical students considered the clinical internship as the main source of psychiatry knowledge (rising from 29.4 ％ (20/69) to 36.2％ (25/69),t =4.67,P ＜0.01).Respective interviewing with patients and their families and then doing focus-group discussion was the most acceptable method for medical undergraduates:82.6％(57/69) of medical undergraduates thought this method helped expose defects of clinical skills and prejudice against psychiatry; 54.3％ (37/69) of medical undergraduates thought this method was more beneficial to acquire psychiatry knowledge.The second acceptable method was the demonstration of a typical case by teacher:27.3％ (19/69) thought this method helped expose defects of clinical skills and prejudice against psychiatry; 27.2％ (19/69) thought this method was more beneficial to acquire psychiatry knowledge.62.0％ (43/69) of medical undergraduates ranked the characteristics of the symptomatology and core symptoms differentiation as the first place.49.0％ (34/69) considered the training of interviewing skills with patients as the second important in the clinical training.91.3％ (63/69) expected to see more kinds of mental disorders.65.2 ％ (45/69) expected to learn more about the interviewing skills.Conclusions It is necessary to pay more attention to the method of doing respective interviewing with patients and their families and then making focus-group discussion.Meanwhile training of interviewing skills in the clinical internship of psychiatry should be enhanced.

Objective:To explore the correlation among morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) ,ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and carotid artery intima‐media thickness (IMT) .Methods :A total of 212 hypertension pa‐tients received 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and carotid artery ultrasonography to measure carotid IMT .According to IMT thickened or not ,they were divided into normal IMT group (n=84) and thickened IMT group (n = 128) ,then MBPS and AASI were calculated .According to MBPS existed or not ,patients were divided into MBPS group (n = 120) and no MBPS group (n = 92) ,then the correlation among MBPS ,AASI and carotid IMT were observed .Results : Compared with normal IMT group ,there were significant rise in AASI [ (0.42 ± 0.13) vs .(0.68 ± 0.14)] and MBPS value [ (25.94 ± 4.57) mmHg vs .(36.57 ± 8.41) mmHg] in thickened IMT group , P < 0.05 both ;compared with no MBPS group ,there were significant rise in AASI [ (0.43 ± 0.13) vs .(0.71 ± 0.14)] and IMT [(1.01 ± 0.20) mm vs .(1.25 ± 0.17) mm] in MBPS group ,P < 0.05 both ;Linear correlation analysis indicated that MBPS and AASI were positively correlated with carotid IMT ( r = 1.22 ,0.51 , P < 0.05 both) .Conclusion : Morning blood pressure surge and ambulatory arterial stiffness index are independent risk factors for carotid artery intima‐media thickness ,and they possess predictive value .

Objective　Standard method of testing serum fluoride was tested and verified by certified reference material CRM of free fluo ride component in cattle serum (GBW 09143～09144).The method was suited for fluor ide research to assess its practical value.Methods　ISE-standard curve,linear relationship,linear range,sensitive and precision were disired result by CRM.400 serum of fluoride in rats were measured.Results　The linear ranges of the method were 0.02～5.0 mg/L,r=0.9999,b=57.8,and test lower limit was 0.013 mg/L.The test value was equal to standard value.Conclusions　The standard method is accurate,sensitive,convenient and small sample is used;and it is easy to spread.Thus,it has been of practical value.

Many factors can result in X ray film overthick and overthin in medical X-ray radiation.In order to ensure the correctness of diagnosis and the focus can be presented at the proper time,it is very im- portant for the overthick and overthin film to be processed and corrected.It has been proved through the test that the satisfied result can be reached through the proper regulating measure such as making a copy of a film.

Objective To discuss appropriate management of postpartum hemorrhage(PPH). Material and Methods By means of hospital based data over 10 years, 15 cases of severe PPH were retrospectively analyzed about the clinical parameters and management. Results Among the 15 patients, 9 had hysterectomy, selective arterial embolization was carried out in 7 and 1 had focus clearance. The main causes of postpartum hemorrhage requiring operative management were: DIC, uterine arteriovenous fistula and malformation, placental abnormality, uterine myoma and laceration. Conclusion Upon recognition of postpartum hemorrhage, the most effective management should be initiated. Every effort should be made to stable patient, save life and maintain the reproductive capability.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cholecystitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Cholecystolithiasis ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; Phytotherapy ; Postoperative Period ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic

Objective To explore the relationship between the dynamic change of plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA)and its inhibitor-1(PAI-1)levels and infarct size in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods There were 100 patients with acute cerebral infarction,22 cases of large area infarction,36 cases of small area infarction,42 cases of lacunar infarction.The levels of plasma t-PA or PAI-1 in 24 h,2 d,14 d,21 d after cerebral infarction were detected by chromogenic substrate method,compared with normal control and the level of blood plasma t-PA or PAI-1 in patients with different size of cerebral infarction.Results Compared with normal control,levels of plasma t-PA at 24 h,2 d,14 d after acute cerebral infarction decreased significantly,and plasma PAI-1 level increased significantly(all P0.05).The plasma t-PA level in patients with large size of infarction was lower obviously than that in patients with small area infarction and lacunar infarction,small size of infarction was lower than that in lacunar infarction(all P0.05).Conclusion The plasma t-PA level decreased and PAI level increased in patients with acute cerebral infarction.The the size of infarction area is larger,the plasma t-PA level is lower,but there is no relationship between the plasma PAI-1 level and infarction area.