Cisplatin is a first-line anticancer drug widely used in clinic. However, its resistance reduces its efficacy. With a non-specific cell cycle, cisplatin's main targets are nucleophilic protein, DNA and RNA in cells. Among cisplatin's multi-factorial resistance mechanisms, abnormal expression of transport protein, intracellular detoxification enhancement, DNA repair capacity increase and apoptosis blocking are the main mechanisms. Because traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have unique advantages in cancer treatment, their combination with cisplatin can improve the efficacy. In this paper, the authors summarized the advance in studies on cisplatin's resistance and the combination of TCMs and cisplatin in recent years.
Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; therapy

0.05) in tail flick test.MPE% in group MK was always higher than group M and descended more slowly than group M,especially from the d4 to d8(P0.05). Conclusion Ketamine could block the development of morphine tolerance partly due to its inhibition effect on pCREB protein.

Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Gene Targeting ; methods ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; pharmacology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cholecystitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Cholecystolithiasis ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; Phytotherapy ; Postoperative Period ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic

Objective To evaluate the current methods for psychiatry clinical internship and needs for innovation from the perspectives of medical undergradutes.Methods Independent interview on patients and their relatives as well as social psychological interview were conducted for five-year psychiatry majors in clinical internship (n =72).Self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the teaching feedback concerning the practice effect and teaching method tendency.Data were analyzed by t test and P ＜ 0.05 signifies statistically significant differences.Results Medical students considered the clinical internship as the main source of psychiatry knowledge (rising from 29.4 ％ (20/69) to 36.2％ (25/69),t =4.67,P ＜0.01).Respective interviewing with patients and their families and then doing focus-group discussion was the most acceptable method for medical undergraduates:82.6％(57/69) of medical undergraduates thought this method helped expose defects of clinical skills and prejudice against psychiatry; 54.3％ (37/69) of medical undergraduates thought this method was more beneficial to acquire psychiatry knowledge.The second acceptable method was the demonstration of a typical case by teacher:27.3％ (19/69) thought this method helped expose defects of clinical skills and prejudice against psychiatry; 27.2％ (19/69) thought this method was more beneficial to acquire psychiatry knowledge.62.0％ (43/69) of medical undergraduates ranked the characteristics of the symptomatology and core symptoms differentiation as the first place.49.0％ (34/69) considered the training of interviewing skills with patients as the second important in the clinical training.91.3％ (63/69) expected to see more kinds of mental disorders.65.2 ％ (45/69) expected to learn more about the interviewing skills.Conclusions It is necessary to pay more attention to the method of doing respective interviewing with patients and their families and then making focus-group discussion.Meanwhile training of interviewing skills in the clinical internship of psychiatry should be enhanced.

A questionnaire survey was conducted in 724 students from three junior high schools in Shanghai Jinshan district.Total 642 students completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 88.7％,among them 75 were overweighted or obese.The positive rate of 6 out 8 unhealthy psycho-behavioral practices related to weight control in overweight or obese students was significantly higher than that of students with normal weight (all P ＜ 0.05).Binary logistic backward stepwise regression analysis showed that overweight or obesity was risk factor for the unhealthy psycho-behavior practices related to weight control in adolescent students.

Objective To evaluate the criteria for diagnosis of atypical squamous cells(ASC)and its two subtypes: undetermined significance ASC (ASC US) and atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL, ASC H) defined in 2001 the Bethesda system(TBS) Method One thousand one hundred and eighty six pap smears and liquid based thin layer preparations with diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined signification (ASCUS) according to TBS 1991 criteria, were re classified by a cytopathologist using TBS 2001 criteria Results The cytologic diagnosis according to TBS 2001 criteria was: negative in 285 cases(24 0 %), ASC US in 627 cases (52 9 %), ASC H in 254 cases(21 4 %), low grade intraepithelial lesion (LISL) in 16 cases(1 3 %), and HISL in 4 cases (0 3 %), respectively Out of 1186 cases, 168 received histological examination Cervical intra epithelial neoplasia (CIN) II III were diagnosed in 18 9 % of patients with ASC H, 5 2% of patients with ASC US, and 14 3% of patients with ASCUS defined by using TBS 1991 criteria, respectively ( P

Objective　Standard method of testing serum fluoride was tested and verified by certified reference material CRM of free fluo ride component in cattle serum (GBW 09143～09144).The method was suited for fluor ide research to assess its practical value.Methods　ISE-standard curve,linear relationship,linear range,sensitive and precision were disired result by CRM.400 serum of fluoride in rats were measured.Results　The linear ranges of the method were 0.02～5.0 mg/L,r=0.9999,b=57.8,and test lower limit was 0.013 mg/L.The test value was equal to standard value.Conclusions　The standard method is accurate,sensitive,convenient and small sample is used;and it is easy to spread.Thus,it has been of practical value.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an RP-HPLC method for the determination of doxorubicin hydrochloride concentration in human plasma.METHODS:Tianhe Kromasil C18 was used as column,A solution of methenol-0.01 mol?L-1ammonium dihydrogen phosphate-acetic acid(30200.1) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1.The detection of wavelength was set at 233 nm.The sample size was 20?L and the column temperature was 35℃.The internal standard was daunorubicin.RESULTS:The calibration curve was linear in the range from 0.25～20.16 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 6);the average methodological recovery was 96.45%(RSD=2.16%).CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid,accurate,reproducible and easy to use in clinical detection of blood concentration.

Objective To explore the relationship between the dynamic change of plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA)and its inhibitor-1(PAI-1)levels and infarct size in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods There were 100 patients with acute cerebral infarction,22 cases of large area infarction,36 cases of small area infarction,42 cases of lacunar infarction.The levels of plasma t-PA or PAI-1 in 24 h,2 d,14 d,21 d after cerebral infarction were detected by chromogenic substrate method,compared with normal control and the level of blood plasma t-PA or PAI-1 in patients with different size of cerebral infarction.Results Compared with normal control,levels of plasma t-PA at 24 h,2 d,14 d after acute cerebral infarction decreased significantly,and plasma PAI-1 level increased significantly(all P0.05).The plasma t-PA level in patients with large size of infarction was lower obviously than that in patients with small area infarction and lacunar infarction,small size of infarction was lower than that in lacunar infarction(all P0.05).Conclusion The plasma t-PA level decreased and PAI level increased in patients with acute cerebral infarction.The the size of infarction area is larger,the plasma t-PA level is lower,but there is no relationship between the plasma PAI-1 level and infarction area.