Aims: The presence of lignocelluloses, especially sawdust in the Lagos lagoon and the attendant ecological problems warranted studies on their degradation. This study aimed to isolate and identify the indigenous bacterial strains capable of utilizing lignocellulosic wastes under the prevalent tropical estuarine conditions. Methodology and results: Nine bacterial species were obtained by elective culture from decomposing wood residues in the lagoon. They were identified on the basis of morphology, biochemical characteristics and analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences as Streptomyces, Bacillus and Paenibacillus species. They were cultured on various ligninrelated lignocellulosic substrates over a period of 7 to 12 days. All the isolates showed moderate to very good growth on sugarcane baggase. Streptomyces albogriseolus strain AOB and Paenibacillus sp. ROB showed good growth on grass while on sawdust, only Streptomyces AOB, and Bacillus megaterium strain NOB showed good growth. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the Streptomyces species completely utilized coniferyl alcohol, B. megaterium strain NOB utilized 90-100% of all the lignin- related aromatic compounds. All the bacterial species utilized less than 40% of sinapyl alcohol, Bacillus sp. OOB and Paenibacillus sp. strain ROB failed to utilize vanillic acid. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The isolates degraded lignocellulosic wastes and lignin-related compounds. The role of fungi in the breakdown of lignocellulose in the Lagos lagoon had been the subject of previous research considerations whilst the role of bacteria spp was unreported. Autochthonous bacterial species may equally play a role in the bio-rehabilitation of the sawdust-polluted water of the Lagos lagoon. Keywords: Lignocellulose, Streptomyces, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, pollution
Alcoholic Beverages ; Fermentation ; Phoeniceae

Background: Unhealthy diet, including high consumption of beverages with added sugars, has been attributed to the increasing trend of overweight and obesity. Objectives: This study explored the trend in beverage consumption and estimated the percent energy contribution of beverages to the total energy intake of selected population groups in the Philippines from 2008 to 2019. Methodology: The proportions, mean intakes, and percentile distributions of energy intake from beverages of selected population groups in 2008, 2013, and 2018-2019 used in this study were estimated using the National Nutrition Surveys by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute. Two analyses were done for the energy intake from beverages: (1) beverages excluding milk and dairy products, and (2) all beverages. The energy intake from sugars and syrups was also noted. Results: Results showed that the mean energy intake for beverages increased from 2008 to 2018-2019 for all age groups. The mean contribution of beverages to total energy intake, excluding milk and dairy products, was generally low but increased from 2008 to 2018-2019 with ranges from 2.3-3.7% and 2.8%-5.2%, respectively. However, high beverage consumers or those consuming ≥120 kcal per day, even excluding milk and dairy products, were observed in 6.3% of children 6 months to 5 years, 10.3% of children 6-12 years old, 16.1% of adolescents, 23.5% of adults, and 13.0% of pregnant women in 2018-2019. Conclusion Behavior change communication strategies are needed to prevent obesity and other lifestyle-related diseases, particularly in the population groups with a high consumption of caloric beverages.
Beverages ; Energy Intake ; Obesity

No abstract available.
Beverages ; Constipation ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome

The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary data for better safety control over children's preference foods sold in school stores. The survey was conducted from June to July 2009, to collect 749 types of children's preference foods sold in 150 middle and high school stores nation-wide excluding Jeju Island and general and nutrition information were analyzed. Out of 749 types of snack food items, 689 and 602 snacks were sold at high school and middle school stores respectively. Among children's preference foods, cookies, bread, and ice-cream were the main items. Among them, 98% of snacks were domestic products and the price range of each individual snacks were mostly between 600 and 900 won. 27.8% of children's preference foods sold were found to be in the high calorie/low nutrition food group. Even though the proportion of candy and fruit/vegetable beverages sold were not high, their proportion in high calorie/low nutrition snack group were higher than 68.1%. Among the children's preference foods sold in middleand high school stores, carbonated drinks and ramen were continuously sold in certain middle and high schools, even though sales were prohibited. This study concludes that government, corporations and retailers should work together in developing healthier children's snack distribution environment. In addition, dairy products, which take up 15% of children's preference food, should be diversified to meet their nutrient requirements.
Beverages ; Bread ; Candy ; Carbonated Beverages ; Commerce ; Dairy Products ; Humans ; Snacks

Syncope is sudden transient loss of consciousness and postural tone with spontaneous recovery. A 74-year-old man presented with multiple, recurrent episodes of syncope associated with swallowing beverages. Sinus pause and 2:1 atrioventricular block were induced by swallowing carbonated beverages. He was treated with permanent cardiac pacing for the prevention of syncope. Swallow syncope did not recur for one year after implantation of a cardiac pacemaker.
Aged ; Atrioventricular Block ; Beverages ; Carbonated Beverages ; Deglutition ; Humans ; Syncope* ; Unconsciousness

Syncope is sudden transient loss of consciousness and postural tone with spontaneous recovery. A 74-year-old man presented with multiple, recurrent episodes of syncope associated with swallowing beverages. Sinus pause and 2:1 atrioventricular block were induced by swallowing carbonated beverages. He was treated with permanent cardiac pacing for the prevention of syncope. Swallow syncope did not recur for one year after implantation of a cardiac pacemaker.
Aged ; Atrioventricular Block ; Beverages ; Carbonated Beverages ; Deglutition ; Humans ; Syncope* ; Unconsciousness

No abstract available.
Alcoholic Beverages ; Alcoholics ; Humans ; Purines

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze published data for an association between consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and the development of gout. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis to examine the highest and lowest categories of SSB consumption in relation to risk of gout. RESULTS: Three studies including 2,606 gout patients among 134,008 participants were included. Meta-analysis revealed a significant association between SSB consumption and gout risk (relative risk [RR]=1.986, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.447~2.725, p=2.2×10⁻⁵). Stratification by ethnicity showed a significant association between SSB consumption and gout risk in ethnic Europeans, but not in Polynesians (RR=2.110, 95% CI=1.470~ 2.725, p=5.1×10⁻⁵; RR=1.624, 95% CI=0.842~3.135, p=0.148, respectively). SSB consumption and gout risk were associated in original data and imputed data, for both men and women, regardless of data type and sex. The association between the highest SSB consumption group and gout was stronger than the association between the middle group and gout, indicating a dose-response gradient (RR=1.986, 95% CI=1.447~2.725, p<2.2×10⁻⁵ vs. RR=1.260, 95% CI=1.043~1.522, p<0.016). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis of 134,008 participants demonstrates that SSB consumption is associated with an elevated risk of gout development, particularly in the ethnic European population. Available evidence indicates a dose-response gradient of the relationship between SSB consumption and gout risk.
Beverages* ; Female ; Gout* ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the matching of the shade between beverage and modifying porcelain shade guide according to Munsell color order system, thus to provide the reference basis for selecting modifying porcelain to mimic the stain of natural tooth by technician.

METHODSThe shade of Vita Akzent, Vita Interno, Shofu Vintage & Unibond and Noritake Super Porcelain EX-3 shade tabs as well as 15 kinds of beverage were measured according to Munsell color order system on Color-Eye 7000A spectrophotometer. The difference of the frequency of approximate hue, value, and chroma between shade tabs and beverage were compared by calculating the Fisher exact probabilities.

RESULTSThe frequency of approximate hue between 4 kinds of shade tabs and 15 kinds of bev-erage was significant different (P<0.05), while the frequency of approximate value, and chroma was not significant different (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONExcept the hue, the color distribution of 4 kinds of shade tabs was similar to that of 15 kinds of beverage. But the color of beverage also can be approximately matched by any kind of modifying porcelain by mixing porcelain powder of appropriate hue, value, and chroma.

We report one case of bullous pemphigoid that did not respond to the standard western medical treatment with topical and oral steroid therapy. This case achieved complete remission after the application of Yizongjinjion seihijoshitsuinkagen (Yizongjinjion Qing Pi Chu Shi Yin Hua Cai), a spleen-dampness-eliminating beverage. The patient was a 78-year old female who had soy bean or 5 mm to 25 mm sized blisters covering a wide area of her back since two years ago. She had visited a neighborhood physician who diagnosed her with bullous pemphigoid and initiated the standard treatment. Although some improvements were observed after the start of western medical treatment, her symptoms eventually grew worse. Therefore, she visited our clinic and requested the traditional Chinese treatment. We diagnosed her skin blisters as the heart-fire spleen-dampness type of bullous pemphigoid using the four diagnostic examinations, and treated her with the modulated spleen-dampness-eliminating beverage which resulted in a complete remission within 10 months. Taken together, our results suggest that the modulated spleen-dampness-eliminating beverage (Yizongjinjion seihijoshitsuinkagen) is effective for the treatment of the heart-fire spleen-dampness type of bullous pemphigoid.
Pemphigoid, Bullous ; therapeutic aspects ; Spleen ; Yin ; Beverages