Benzoates ; urine ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Humans

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of these para-amino- benzoate, benzophenone and cinnamate sunscreens in the same base(cream) and the effect of concentration on sun protection with three different concentrations(2 5%, 5. 0% and 7. 5%.). Twenty-one normal healthy Korean-men, majority(2. 5%) of whom have skin type iv or v, were applied to their untanned back with above prepared nine different sunscreens and calculated individual sun protection factor (SPF) of these different sunscreens. The test results can be summarized as follows: 1. In the para-aminobenzoic acid, the mean SPF, of concentrations were 7. 33+2. 87, 7.35+2. 89 and 7. 37+2. 88 no significant difference. 2. In the benzophenone, the mean SPF of all of 2. 5M, ntrations was 3.43 t0. 85. 3 In the cinnamate, the mean SPF of all of 2. 5% 5. O%
4-Aminobenzoic Acid ; Benzoates ; Skin* ; Solar System ; Sun Protection Factor ; Sunscreening Agents*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) have beneficial effects on cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters in addition to controlling blood pressure (BP). However, few comparative clinical studies have been conducted with different ARBs. We compared these effects in patients with uncomplicated hypertension who were receiving telmisartan or valsartan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were patients with essential hypertension (48.4+/-9.6 years) who were randomly assigned to take either telmisartan (80 mg/day, n=30) or valsartan (160 mg/day, n=30) for 12 weeks. Their anthropometric, laboratory, vascular, and echocardiographic data were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups, except for the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV; telmisartan group vs. valsartan group; 841.2+/-131.0 vs. 761.1+/-104.4 cm/s, p<0.05). After 12 weeks, BP had fallen to a similar extent with mean reductions in the systolic and diastolic BP of 20.7+/-18.1 and 16.3+/-13.0 mm Hg (p<0.001, respectively) for the telmisartan and 22.5+/-17.0 and 16.8+/-9.3 mm Hg (p<0.001, respectively) for the valsartan group. Although the cfPWV and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) fell significantly only with the administration of telmisartan, they were not significantly different when baseline cfPWV was considered. The differences in the cfPWV and LVMI changes from baseline between the two groups were also not significant after adjusting for baseline cfPWV. No significant changes in other vascular, metabolic, or inflammatory parameters were observed with either treatment. CONCLUSION: The effects of a 12-week treatment with the two ARBs, telmisartan and valsartan, on cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters were not different in patients with uncomplicated hypertension.
Benzimidazoles ; Benzoates ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Tetrazoles ; Valine ; Valsartan

Deferasirox is a new oral iron chelator. It is the first oral iron chelator approved in USA by FDA for transfusion-dependent patients above 2 years suffering from severe chronic iron overload. It is also recommended as the initial therapy for patients over the age of 6 years who are suffering from beta-thalassaemia. The clinical study is developing in China. This review focuses the related studies and the latest progression about deferasirox. The phase II and III clinical trials and pharmacokinetics indicated that deferasirox is a safety and effective oral iron chelator, can significantly decrease the myocardial and hepatic iron load, also is easy to accept for patients. The common adverse reactions are gastrointestinal symptom and rash. But it was recently reported that deferasirox has some rare adverse events to which we must attach importance, especially for the special people. Besides the patients with chronic iron overload resulting from blood transfusions (transfusional hemosiderosis), the drug is also used for the patients who has accepted auto-SCT or suffered from reversible renal inadequacy caused by Fanconi syndrome. The standard dosage is not useful to every patient. The clinician should adjust dosage based on the patient's condition and related indexes. The serum ferritin is not one and reliable index to monitoring the effect and adjust the dosage. Otherwise, this review recommends some new characters of deferasirox, e.g. anti-fungus, anti-cell proliferation and so on.
Benzoates ; administration & dosage ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Iron Chelating Agents ; administration & dosage ; Triazoles ; administration & dosage

We present herein a case of human infestation of canine scabies occuring in a 7l-year-old female patient. Severe pruritic, erythematous papular lesions and excoriation were found over the abdomen, submammary area, and thigh. The itching sensation was aggravated especially at night. Efforts to demonstrate mites from the lesiona of the patient were unsuccessful. Her pet, a small puppy, showed loss of hair and crusted or scaly erythematous patches on the auricles and trunk 1 month prior to her skin lesions. Sarcaptescabiei var. canis were collected from the puppy by brushing the hair snd crusted or scaly patches on its skin. The patient and puppy were treated successfully with application of 25% benzyl benzoate solution.
Abdomen ; Benzoates ; Female ; Hair ; Humans* ; Mites ; Pruritus ; Scabies* ; Sensation ; Skin ; Thigh

OBJECTIVETo develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for simultaneously determining paeoniflorin and albiflorin in Paeoniae Radix Alba.

METHODUsing paeoniflorin as the internal reference substance, the relative correction factor (RCF) of albiflorin was determined by HPLC and UPLC with good reproducibility. The contents of paeoniflorin in 16 samples of Paeoniae Radix Alba were authentically determined by the external standard method, and the content of albiflorin was calculated according to the RCF. The contents of these two components in the samples were determined with the external standard method.

RESULTNo siginificant differences between the quantitative results of QAMS method and external standard method were observe.

CONCLUSIONIt is a convenient and accurate method to determine multi-components when some authentic standard substances were unavailable. It can be used to control the quality of Paeoniae Radix Alba

Benzoates ; analysis ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Monoterpenes ; Paeonia ; chemistry

Numerous burrows developed in a 20-year-old male student who had been terated with topical fluorinated corticosteroid for 2 months. The number of burrows is the largest on scrotum(15/cm) and then interdigital web(10/cm), finger (7/cm), wrist (7/cm), penis (5/cm), abdomen (5/crn) and dorsurn of hand (5/cm) in decreasing order. The itch mites were also collected by brushing the skin surface and clotbes. Metronidazole was tried in this case, but living itch mites were still found at 7th day of treatment. No living itch mites were found after topical application of benzyl benzoate solution and crotamiton cream for 3 consecutive days.
Abdomen ; Benzoates ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Metronidazole ; Mites ; Penis ; Scabies* ; Skin ; Wrist ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the microbiological transformation of paeoniflorin and albiflorin.

METHODThe bacteria strains able to transform paeoniflorin and albiflorin were screened from 18 strains of microorganisms. The products were isolated by chromatography method and their structures were elucidated by spectral technology.

RESULTIt was found that Cunninghamella blakesleana (AS 3.970) and Syncephalastrum racemosum (AS 3.264) could convert paeoniflorin and albiflorin efficiently, respectively. C. blakesleana could convert paeoniflorin to produce albiflorin, while S. racemosum could convert albiflorin to produce paeoniflorin.

CONCLUSIONPaeoniflorin and albiflorin could be converted each other in definited condition.

Benzoates ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; metabolism ; Cunninghamella ; metabolism ; Glucosides ; metabolism ; Monoterpenes ; Mucorales ; metabolism

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in the treatment of pediatric primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) . Methods: The clinical characteristics of 23 pediatric ITP patients who received eltrombopag from May 2015 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Eltrombopag started with an initial dose of 12.5-50.0 mg/d and the maximum dose was 75.0 mg/d. Results: Among 23 children, there were 11 boys and 12 girls with median age 11.0 (2.0-17.0) years. Four cases were newly diagnosed ITP, the other 8 of persistent ITP and 11 of chronic ITP. The duration of eltrombopag application ranged from 4.5 to 95 weeks (8/23 still ongoing) . The median platelet (PLT) counts at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 3 months and the 6 months after treatment were 40 (4-170) ×10(9)/L, 20 (4-130) ×10(9)/L, 60 (4-110) ×10(9)/L, and 70 (18-160) ×10(9)/L, which were all significantly higher than that before treatment 14 (2-82) ×10(9)/L (z=-3.440, P=0.001; z=-1.964, P=0.049; z=-4.339, P<0.001;z=-5.794, P<0.001 respectively) . The overall response rate was 60.87% (14/23 cases) . The median time to PLT count ≥30×10(9)/L was 10.5 (3-42) days. Seven patients (30.43%) responded within the first week, and 10 cases (43.48%) achieved PLT counts ≥30×10(9)/L within 2 weeks. All patients were divided into three groups according to the age (<6 years old, 6-12 years old, 13-17 years old) . The response rates were similar in three groups, as 33.33%, 60.00%, 85.71%, respectively. WHO bleeding scores as 0, 1, 2 were corresponded to 4, 12 and 7 patients before treatment. Patient numbers changed to 13, 7, 3 with bleeding scores 0, 1, 2 respectively after treatment (χ(2)=7.558, P=0.006) . Eltrombopag was well tolerated, the common adverse events included elevated transaminase (4 cases) and serum bilirubin (4 cases) ; mild nausea (1 case) , vomiting (1 case) and dizziness (1 case) . No drug withdrawal occurred due to adverse events. Conclusion: Eltrombopag is safe and effective in pediatric patients with primary ITP.
Adolescent ; Benzoates ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Male ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; Pyrazoles ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Using whole cell current- and voltage-clamp recording we investigated the characteristics and pharmacology of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-mediated responses in rat medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons. In current clamp conditions, activation of mGluR I by application of the group I mGluR agonist (R,S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) induced a direct excitation of MVN neurons that is characterized by depolarization and increased spontaneous firing frequency. To identify which of mGluR subtypes are responsible for the various actions of DHPG in MVN, we used two subtype-selective antagonists. (S)-(+)-alpha-amino-a-methylbenzeneacetic acid (LY367385) is a potent competitive antagonist that is selective for mGluR1, whereas 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) is a potent noncompetitive antagonist that is selective for mGluR5. In voltage clamp conditions, DHPG application increased the frequency of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) but had no effect on amplitude distributions. Antagonism of the DHPG-induced increase of miniature IPSCs required the blockade of both mGluR1 and mGluR5. DHPG application induced an inward current, which can be enhanced under depolarized conditions. DHPG-induced current was blocked by LY367385, but not by MPEP. Both LY367385 and MPEP antagonized the DHPG-induced suppression of the calcium activated potassium current (IAHP). These data suggest that mGluR1 and mGluR5 have similar roles in the regulation of the excitability of MVN neurons, and show a little distinct. Furthermore, mGluR I, via pre- and postsynaptic actions, have the potential to modulate the functions of the MVN.
Animals ; Benzoates ; Calcium ; Fires ; Glycine ; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol ; Neurons ; Potassium ; Rats ; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate ; Vestibular Nuclei