Therapeutic alliance is one of the most popular topics in psychological counseling and psychotherapy research,but the concept of it is not unified.Despite of its various versions,most scholars regard it as an important relationship variable,emphasizing the agreement between therapist and patient as to the goals and tasks of treatment,and the affective bond established in the therapeutic dyad.Related research show that the characteristics of therapist and patient,and the interaction in this therapeutic dyad are the related factors on the formation and development of therapeutic alliance,which constitutes a major clinical variable in explaining and predicting the course and outcome of treatments.Future researches should further clarify the related factors of therapeutic alliance,expand the clinical applications of therapeutic alliance and strengthen the exploration of indigenization.

Objective: To observe the changes of blood T-cell subpopulations, ASO,IL-6 and IL-8 in children with Tic disorder and explore the pathogenesis. Methods: T-cell subpopulations and concentration of IL-6, IL-8, ASO were measured in 52 children with tic disorder and 30 normal children using SAP and ELISA.Results:The numbers of CD3+、CD4+ and CD8+ cells had no significant difference between 32 children with tic disorder and 30 normal children, and the concentration of ASO in serum of children with tic disorder was markedly higher than those in normal children. The concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 in serum had no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion: There may be dysfunction in humoral immunity in tic disorder.

Objective: To investigate the health of deciduous teeth and the effect of deciduous teeth caries on the nutritional status of Tibetan children in kindergartens in Zhag-yab of Tibet, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of dental caries in local children. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among all Tibetan children aged 3 to 7 years in kindergartens from 13 districts in Zhag yab of Tibet, a total of 1 263 eligible children were included. Oral examination, height, weight measurement and hemoglobin test were performed. The health status of children was evaluated according to WHO diagnostic criteria of dental caries rate, average of decayed missing filled tooth(DMFT), malnutrition and anemia, and the correlation between deciduous teeth caries and nutritional status of children were analyzed. Results: The overall deciduous teeth caries prevalence rate of Tibetan children in Zhag yab kindergarten was 62.6%, and the mean dmft was (4.0±4.6). Aged 3, 4, 5, 6, 7-year-old children s deciduous teeth caries rate were 31.1%, 55.3%, 63.8%, 70.9%, 76.6%, respectively, mean dmft were (1.1±2.0) (2.9±3.4) ( 3.5± 3.3) (5.4±5.4) (5.9±6.6) respectively. The prevalence of deciduous teeth caries and mean dmft increased with age, and the differences among age groups were statistically significant ( χ 2/F=72.17, 33.47, P <0.05). The overall detection rate of malnutrition( 25.4% ), stunting(12.3%), underweight(12.6%), wasting(10.9%) and anemia(29.6%) in caries children were higher than those in children without caries(19.5%, 8.1%, 6.1%, 6.6%, 15.5%), the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=5.81, 5.49, 13.61 , 6.52, 32.02, P <0.05). Caries children s overweight rate (3.7%) was higher than that of children without caries (3.4%), obesity rate ( 1.3% ) was lower than that of children without caries(1.9%), there was no statistically significant difference ( χ 2=0.07, 0.82, P >0.05). Conclusion The problem of deciduous teeth caries in kindergartens in Zhag yab is serious, and it is closely related to the occurrence of malnutrition and anemia. The prevention and intervention of dental caries in local children should be strengthened.

Aerospace Medicine ; Aviation ; China ; Dermatitis ; Humans ; Medicine

Psychophysiology