Objective To probe into the kinetics of gallstone formation.Methods Fifty seven rabbits were divided into five groups: (1) normal control with standard fodder, (2)1 2% cholesterol was added into the fodder,(3)1 2% cholesterol plus indomethacin in the fodder,(4)1 2% cholesterol plus erythromycin,(5) 1 2% cholesterol plus Dong Li San, a Chinese herb compound. All animals were feed four weeks before measurement.Results Gallstone developed in 0 out of 13 in group 1, in 12 out of 14 rabbits in group 2, in 4 out of 10 rabbits in group 3, in 0 out of 10 in group 4, and in 2 out of 10 in group 5. Compared with that in group 1 rabbits in group 2 had higher level of cholesterol and mucin in bile,much higher common bile duct pressure and cystic duct resistance,much lower gallbladder emptying rate ( P

Objective: To found national coping style norm for military personnel by means of the Coping Style Scale (CSS) .Methods: A test with CSS was carried out on 15380 military personnel stratified randomly sampled military personnel all over the country, and the result was analyzed by Factor Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Variance Analysis and T Analysis. Results:①The measure indexes of this scale in military personnel were; Cronbach a of the six part-scale was 0. 62-0. 80, plit-half reliable was 0. 53 -0. 79, test-retest reliability was 0. 66 - 0. 78 , and the cumulative of the six factors was up to 58. 29 % ; The factor loading of each factor was 0. 32 - 0. 56, 0. 38 - 0. 68 , 0. 31 - 0. 68 , 0. 30 - 0. 47, 0. 26 - 0. 55 and 0. 28 - 0. 59;②An MANOVA showed that on most factors of the CSS, both the main rank effect and the interaction between gender and military ages were significant;③Resolving problem, appeal and rationalization were different on rank significantly (P

Objective: To test the reliability and validity of social support rate scale (SSRS) of servicemen in servicemen, and make a national norm. The developmental characteristics of servicemen were analyzed in gender, service years and military title. Methods: SSRS was employed to evaluate 13450 servicemen in 30 provinces or cities of China. Results: ① Items analysis; the correlation between each item score and the total score were in 0. 39-0.66 (P

The effects of cyclosporine A (CsA) on glucose metabolism and betancell functions in vivo in rats were investigated. CsA (20mg/kg, 2/d) was given to Spraguer-Dawley rats for 14d. After a 1.5g/kg body weight glucose load by gavage the plasma glucose at 1 h and the area under curve (AUC) of plasma glucose were higher in the CsA-treated group than in the control (P

Objective To observe the effects of the acupuncture on muscle strain of lower extremities adductors for children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods 100 children with spastic cerebral palsy were divided into treatment group (n=50) and control group (n=50) randomly.The control group accepted routine rehabilitation, and the treatment group accepted acupuncture in addition. The passive range of motion (ROM) of adductor angle, D and E domains of Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) were observed before and after treatment. Results ROM and GMFM-88 improved after treatment (P<0.05), and improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture can release muscle strain of lower extremities adductors of children with spastic cerebral palsy and improve the motor function.

Objective To explore oropharyngeal swallowing disorders with videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS). Methods 16 patients with dysphagia accepted VFSS with 10 ml of thin barium meal (50% w/v), thick barium meal (270% w/v), biscuit coated with thick barium meal in single swallow. Their swallowing function was observed on the lateral and anterior/posterior planes, including: symmetry of pyriform sinuses, oral transit time, presence of pharyngeal delay, pharyngeal transit time, oral and pharyngeal residue, and presence of aspiration.Results 5 patients demonstrated oral swallowing disorder. 3 patients demonstrated pharyngeal swallowing disorders, that was pharyngeal delay which caused in aspiration after swallowing. 8 patients demonstrated oropharyngeal swallowing disorders, and 3 of them presented aspiration,2 patients were silent aspirators, 1 was aspiration before and 1 after swallowing. The aspiration time could not be judged from the videofluoroscopy in the other one. For 4 patients with aspiration, 3 were severe, with more than 25% of the bolus aspirated, and 1 aspirated less than 5%. Conclusion VFSS can be helpful to plan individual rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the changes in tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI) in the presence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to investigate if that 2 inflammatory factors is associated with hypoxemia during sleep.Methods Fiftyfour patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized for glycemic control were subgrouped into 27 patients with OSAS (group O) and 27 patients without OSAS (group N).26 people without diabetes and OSAS were selected from a health check-up program to serve as control group (group C).Serum TNF-α and PAI levels were measured by commercial ELISA kits.Apnea hypopnea index (AHI),the lowest pulse oxygen saturation (LSpO2) at night were detected by portable sleep monitor.The relativity regarding TNF-α,PAI,homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),fasting blood glucose(FBG),AHI,LSpO2,and age was discussed.TNF-α and PAI were regard as dependent variables,and FBG,HOMA-IR,AHI,LSpO2,and age as independent variables in multivariate stepwise linear analysis.Results The levels of HOMA-IR,TNF-α,PAI in group O [2.69 ± 1.53,(1.97 ±0.13) ng/ml,and (2.27 ± 0.85) ng/ml] were higher than the those in other 2 groups,and those in group N [1.70 ± 0.88,(1.09 ±0.29) ng/ml,and (1.59 ± 0.13) ng/ml] were higher than group C [1.15 ± 0.67,(0.73 ± 0.19) ng/ml,and (0.89 ±0.25) ng/ml].The levels of FBG in the 2 diabetic groups were higher than those in group C.The level of AHI in group O was higher than that in group N and group C,while LSpO2 in group O was lower than that in group N and group C.Spearman univariate analysis showed that TNF-α and PAl both were associated positively with HOMA-IR,FBG,and AHI,while negatively with LSpO2.Multivariate stepwise linear analysis denoted that TNF-α was independently associated with AHI,FBG,while PAI was independently associated with AHI and HOMA-IR.Conclusions Patients with diabetes and OSAS manifest raised level of chronic inflammatory activity,and therefore,OSAS might be implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic complication of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) combined with behavior training on the learning and memory abilities of cerebral ischemic injury in rats. Methods 96 Wistar rats, 2 months old, were divided as sham group (group A), model group (group B), G-CSF group (group C) and G-CSF+training group (group D). Modified middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to establish a ischemia 2 h/reperfusion 24 h model to all the rats, except sham group. 6 rats were selected in each group 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after successfully modeled, respectively. The abilities of learning and memory were detected with the latency of shuttle test video analysis system. The pathology of the hippocampus and the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and G-CSF were observed with HE and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. Results The expression of NGF and G-CSF increased in group B transiently, and increased more and longer in the group C and D, especially in group D, as the time passed (P<0.05). The latency of shuttle test increased in group B, C and D, and gently decreased as the time passed, and the decrease more to less were group D, C and B (P<0.05).Conclusion The neuroprotective effects of G-CSF combined with behavior training are strengthened and long term beneficial than G-CSF alone.

Objective To evaluation of abnormality of intrarenal veins in the patients of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the correlation between the intrarenal venous impedance index (VII) and renal function with color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods Sixty-four subjects with type 2 diabetic nephropathy from December 2016 to October 2017 were enrolled and divided into three groups according to glomerular filtration rate(GFR) level: GFR≥90 ml/(min·1.73 m2) as group B (25 cases), 60 ml/(min·1.73 m2)≤GFR＜90 ml/(min·1.73 m2) as group C (21 cases), GFR＜60 ml/(min·1.73 m2) as group D(18 cases), and 25 healthy volunteers were recruited as group A. Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to obtain the intrarenal VII. Results There were significant differences among A, B, C, D group of right renal segmental vein (0.41 ± 0.04, 0.36 ± 0.09, 0.29 ± 0.05, 0.19 ± 0.05; F＝81.85), right renal interlobular vein (0.41 ± 0.03, 0.35 ± 0.04, 0.29 ± 0.04, 0.22 ± 0.11; F＝96.42), left renal segmental vein (0.42 ± 0.08, 0.36 ± 0.05, 0.30 ± 0.08, 0.20 ± 0.04; F＝101.38) and left renal interlobular vein (0.40 ± 0.15, 0.36 ± 0.04, 0.30 ± 0.04, 0.20 ± 0.07; F＝95.71), all P＜0.05. The VII of group B, C and D was significantly lower than that of group A (P＜0.05). The VII of group D was lower than that of group B and C (P＜0.05), and the VII of group C was lower than that of group D(P＜0.05). There were no significant differences of the VII between the left and right kidneys (F＝0.001, P＞0.05). The VII was positively correlative with GFR (r＝0.85, P＜0.05). Conclusions The VII of the patients of DN can be obtained by color Doppler ultrasonography conveniently and non-invasively, which can reflex the renal function changes and provide a new diagnostic index for the patients of DN in diagnosis and treatment.