OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality standard of Chenxiang shuwei poweder. METHODS: The qualitative analysis of Rhubarb in Chenxiang shuwei powder was carried out using TLC and the quantitative analysis of Hesperidin was carried out using RP-HPLC on a column of Luna C18(2)(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m). The mobile phase consisted of methyl alcohol-acetic acid-aquifer(35∶4∶61) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1 at a detection wavelength of 283 nm. RESULTS: The TLC spots of Chenxiang shuwei powder were clear with good resolution. The linear range of Hesperidin was 0.12～2.40 ?g (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 98.0%(RSD=0.9%,n=9).CONCLUSION: The established standard is applicable for the quality control of Chenxiang shuwei powder.

Diabetic nephropathy ( DN) is one of the complications of diabetes, which is closely related to the pathogenesis of in-flammation. This article summarized the relevant literatures on the correlation between MCP-1 , TNF-α and DN, and the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine with DN. In kidney tissues, oxidative stress and NF-κB-dependent signal pathways induced the increase of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression, which could induce macrophage accumulation, proteinuria increase, renal fibrosis and renal clearance capacity decrease, and further leading to kidney damage. The clinical and experimental trails showed tumor necrosis factorαmRNA and protein levels in serum, urine and renal tissues were closely related with DN, which could be used as a bio marker to provide clinical guidance. As the therapeutic targets,MCP-1 and TNF-αcould give a novel insight into the clinical treatment of DN. Some traditional Chinese medicines or monomer could ameliorate DN by inhibiting MCP-1 and/or TNF-α. Thus, further verifi-cation or clinical application of those traditional Chinese medicines is worth trying.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of Ephedrine hydrochloride in Xiaoerkechuanling granules by two HPLC methods.METHODS:The chromatographic conditions for the first HPLC method were as follows:the phenomenex C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) was used with methanol-water(1∶1) as mobile phase at a detection wavelength of 254 nm;the chromatographic conditions for the second HPLC method were as follows:the phenomenex C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)was used with acetonitrile-phosphoric acid solution(contain 0.02 mol?L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.01 mol?L-1 phosphoric acid)(5∶95) as mobile phase at a detection wavelength of 210 nm.RESULTS:By HPLC method one,the linear range of Ephedrine hydrochloride was 0.08 ?g?mL-1～40 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9)with the average recovery at 101.72% and the RSD at 2.77%;by the second HPLC method,the linear range of Ephedrine hydrochloride was 0.4 ?g?mL-1～400 ?g?mL-1(r=1.000 0) with the average recovery at 99.60% and the RSD at 2.91%.CONCLUSION:Both of the two HPLC methods are accurate,specific and reproducible,but by the first HPLC method,the extraction was more complete and more operable,and no organic solvent was used.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the chromatographic fingerprints of Punica granatum by HPLC and to study the quality of the granati cortex from different habitats.METHODS: The chromatographic column was kromasil C18 and the mobile phase was acetonitrile-H3PO4 buffer salt(containing 0.1% triethylamine)-water at a flow rate of 1 mL?min-1.The column temperature was maintained at 25 ℃and the detection wavelength was set at 240 nm.The fingerprints of different samples were compared with similarity evaluation software(2004 A) published by committee of codex.RESULTS:Twelve peaks were identified as the characteristic fingerprints of Punica granatum.All samples tested contained the same 12 peaks,but the content of the each peak showed difference among the samples,which resulted in the difference in their chromatograms.And the similarity was correlated with the habitat of the herb.CONCLUSION: This method shows high precision and good repeatability,and provides a reference standard for the quality control of Punica granatum.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method of high-performance capillary electrophoresis(HPCE)for content deter?mination of ellafic acid in granati cortex.METHODS:The capillary pillar used in this study was capillary without smear layer,the buffer solution was30mmol/L tromethamine-30mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate(20∶9),the running voltage was20kV,the wavelength of detection was254nm,the column temperature was25℃,and the sampling condition was25mbar,5.0s.RESULTS:The detected concentration of ellagic acid showed a good linear relationship with the peak area score in the range of0.0398～0.3184mg/ml(r=0.9993).The average recovery rate was97.42%(RSD=1.84%).CONCLUSION:The present method is accurate and reliable,and it can be used for the quality control of granati cortex.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the bases formula for the fule cream and study the stability of its finished products. METHODS: The orthogonal experimental design method was adopted and L9(34) table was chosen for the experiment. RESULTS: The optimized formula is composed of 10% stearic acid, 0.3% oleinircini, 0.7% octadecanol, 0.12% trithanolamine. CONCLUSION: The fule cream from this optimized formula has a fine ,smooth and easy to daub and stable quality.

Objective:To prepare morphine sulfate sustained-release suppositories and determine the content by HPLC. Methods:An Eclipse XDB-C18 (150 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) chromatographic column was used, methanol-heptane sulfonic acid sodium acetate solu-tion(2. 02 g sodium heptanesulfonate was dissolved in appropriate amount of water and 5ml glacial acetic acid was added, and then water was added to 1000 ml, shaken up) (50 ∶50) was used as the mobile phase, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 233 nm, the column temperature was 25℃ and the sample size was 10μl. Results:The average content of morphine in 3 batches of samples was 99. 9%, the linear range of 4. 18-86. 60μg·ml-1 was good (r=0. 999 3), and the average recovery was 100. 6% (RSD=1. 58%, n=9). Conclusion:The method is sensitive, rapid and accurate, and suitable for the quality control of morphine sulfate sus-tained-release suppositories.

Punicalin is an important ellagic tannin in Pericarpium Granati with the pharmacological effects such as antioxidation,anti-bacteria,antivirus and anti-inflammation.The studies on Pericarpium Granati at home and abroad were reviewed in the paper,and the extraction,separation,content determination,pharmacological activities and metabolism of punicalin were also summarized to provide theoretical basis for the development and application of punicalin.

Objective: To evaluate the rationality and practicability of the provincial directory of antibacterial drugs classification management in China. Methods: The directories at the provincial level published after May 2012 were collected from the government websites of health department in different provinces, cities and autonomous regions. The name, number, grading and classification were counted and anzlyzed. According to the relative national standards, the rationality, practicability and existing problems were ana-lyzed, and some revision sugestions were proposed. Results:Up till now, 30 dirctories were issued with the average recording number-varieties of 147. 1(101-194). The average number of unrestricted, restricted and special use level was 56. 4(37-66), 53. 7(34-68) and 37(24-75), respectively. The top 5 was cephalosporins(29. 5), penicillins(24. 8), antifungi drugs(14. 7), quinolones(12. 8) and aminoglycosides(10). Overall, the directories were rational and practicable. However, 29 kinds of antibacterial drugs were with-out registered number of approval, which was not reasonable or practicable. The other problems were inappropriate classification and grading, name writing mistakes, ect. Conclusion:The directories should be revised in time to correct the existing promblems and im-prove the directories.

BACKGROUND: There are several ways to measure content of pseudoephedrine, such as titration, spectrophotography,gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, high performance liquid chromatograpy (HPLC), combination of liquid chromatography, etc. Therefore, an exact method to measure concentration of medicine in blood is of significance for reasonable and safe administration in clinic.OBJECTIVE: To establish a reversed-phase-HPLC (RP-HPLC) method for determining the content of pseudoephedrine in blank plasma.DESIGN: Simple exponent study.SETTING: Department of Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from May to July 2005. Pseudoephedrine was provided by Hubei Institute for Drug Testing. Blank plasma was provided by Central Blood Station of Xiaogan.METHODS: Standard plasma exponent was dispensed containing 50, 100, 200, 500, 750 and 1 000 μg/L pseudoephedrine, respectively. Pseudoephedrine was extracted from standard plasma exponent with organic solvent and its content was measured with HPLC. ZorbaxSB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was also used in this study [mobile phase: 0.2% phosphoric acid solution-acetonitrile (95:5); flow rate: 1.0 mL/min], and the detective wavelength was 194 nm.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Veracity and feasibility through evaluating standard curve, precision and retrieved rate.RESULTS: Linearity ranged from 50 to 1 000 μg/L (r=0.999 3) and average retrieved rate was 79.20%. The relative standard deviation of within-day and between-day was less than 5%. The minimal detectable concentration of pseudoephedrine was 25 μg/L in plasma.CONCLUSION: RP-HPLC which is characterized by convenience and precision is suitable for researching pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of pseudoephedrine.