OBJECTIVE: To study the DNA fingerprint characteristics of the precious Chinese medicinal antler, identify and analyze the velvet antler at the molecular level, and develop the velvet DNA detection kit and evaluate its performance. METHODS: Using antler cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ (Co Ⅰ) and velvet mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytochrome b, Cyt b) as target genes, five pairs of specific primers were designed by bioinformatics technology, and the oxidase subunit Ⅰ of cytochrome C, mt DNA CoⅠ 1 (NC_013834.1), was determined to be the best specific primer by experimental screening. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was conducted on velvet antler samples, and the PCR reaction system and reaction conditions were optimized to develop a velvet DNA detection kit. The performance of the kit was evaluated and commercially available antler samples were tested. RESULTS: The purity of the DNA extracted by the antler DNA test kit was 1.785-1.906. The specificity of the kit was reflected in the detection of genuine bands, and there was no band in the fakes. The sensitivity was up to 3.125 ng•μL-1. The kit was still effective after 5, 10, 15 and 20 freeze-thaw cycles. The results of repeated detection of positive and negative products for three times were consistent. The kit could be stored for up to one year at -20 ℃. The quality analysis was carried out on 12 commercial samples in five regions, and the pass rate was 66.67%. CONCLUSION: The velvet DNA detection kit developed by our team has strong specificity, high sensitivity, good stability and repeatability, with simple operation, small sample volume, wide application range, low cost and accurate results. It provides a scientific, accurate and reliable identification method for Chinese medicinal materials velvet products. At the same time, it also shows that the quality of commercially available velvet samples is uneven, and there are many adulterants.

OBJECTIVE:To study the percutaneous properties of Man-PEI25k nanocomplex under the treatment of microneedles. METHODS:Using fluorescent dye water-soluble carboxyl CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) as model drug, Man-PEI25k/QD and Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex with different grafting rates(1∶3,1∶6)were formed through electrostatic adherence with PEI25k and Man-PEI25k. The distribution of QD in the active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were observed by confocal microscopy after the treatment of microneedles,using free QD as control. The accumulative retention amounts of QD in the active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were determined by fluorescence spectrophotometer after PEI25k/QD and Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex treated with mi-croneedles. RESULTS:The amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex in active epidermal layer and dermis were significantly higher than that of PEI25k/QD nanocomplex under the treatment of microneedles in vivo;the amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD (1∶6) nanocom-plex in active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were significantly higher than that of Man-PEI25k/QD(1∶3)nanocomplex. In in vi-tro transdermal diffusion experiments,microneedles could increase the retention amounts of nanocomplex in active epidermal layer and dermis of skin significantly. The retention amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex in active epidermal layer were increased by 2 times of that of PEI25k/QD under the treatment of microneedles after 48 h;at the same time,in the dermis that was increased by 1.5 times,with statistical significance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Microneedles can improve the percutaneous properties of Man-PEI25k nanocomplex in active epidermal layer.

To improve the solubility of quercetin ( QT) , one of flavonoids that can inhibit the proliferation of vari-ous types of cancer cells, the novel amphiphilic polymer N-( 4-methylimidazole)-hydroxyethyl-chitosan ( MHC) , synthetized by chemical derivatization from chitosan, was used as the self-assembly micelles of QT. The formed polymer was characterized by 1 H NMR, elemental analysis and pyrene fluorescence spectrometry. The formulation of MHC micelles loading quercetin was optimized through single factor experiment. Then the optimized formulation was obtained as follows:the concentration of MHC was 0. 67% and the ratio of drug and carrier was 1 ∶10. The micelles particle size was ( 99. 21 ± 1. 71) nm, Zeta potential was +( 20. 01 ± 0. 72) mV and drug loading was ( 5. 42 ± 0. 32 )%. The in vitro release curve was investigated and was found to conform to Higuchi equation of Q=0. 1101 t1/2 -0. 064. The results of in vivo experiment showed that the mean rentention time and bioavail-ability of the MHC-QT micelles were 21. 42 h and 57. 49 μg h/mL, respectively, compared to 0. 30 h and 2. 50 μg h/mL of the free QT solution. These indicated that the MHC micelles could significantly improve the solubility of QT, the drug sustained-release effect and bioavailability, which would used as carrier for the anti-tumor drugs.

Objective To investigate the influences of active immunotherapy on T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 type cytokines in women with unexplained habitual abortion(UHA) Methods A total of 55 patients with UHA were studied, including 30 cases after active immunotheraphy (AIT) and 25 cases without any therapy(NAIT). Fifteen cases of normal nonpregnant (NNP) women were selected as control group. Supernatants from trophoblast activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the three groups were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for interferon gamma (IFN ?), interleukin 2 (IL 2), IL 4, IL 10. Results (1) The levels of IL 2 and IFN ? in AIT group [(108?37) ng/L and (110 ?52) ng/L, respectively] were lower significantly than those in NAIT group[(223?85) ng/L and (326 ?92) ng/L, respectively]( P 0.05). (2) Twenty six women in AIT group got pregnant, but 8 women experienced pregnancy loss repeatedly whose IL 2?IFN ? levels were higher than those in other 18 women got successful pregnancy and IL 4,IL 10 levels lower than the latter. Conclusions UHA patients have Th1 type immunity to trophoblast and produce high level Th1 type cytokines which probably result in pregnancy loss. Active immunotheraphy could make a shift from Th1 to Th2 immunity, thus favoring the maintenance of pregnancy.

0.01). The tumor volume and the tumor weight were also significantly decreased in the treated group (P

A kind of adjustable external fixation device for lower extremity is designed. The circuit is mainly composed of TEC1-00703 semiconductor refrigeration chip, HZC-30A pressure sensor, STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer and other electrical components. It can realize the timing intelligent temperature control and meet the local fixed-point refrigeration. The design of adjustable structure and the application of intelligent air cushion can satisfy the full fixation of lower limbs of different individuals. Its operation does not need much medical knowledge. It can solve the problem of emergency transportation and follow-up treatment of lower limb injury in ice and snow sports. It has a good application prospect and universality.
External Fixators ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Refrigeration ; Semiconductors

In this study, 5'-CMP was sulfonated, and then the modified 5'-CMP was connected to a protein carrier as an immunogen to immunize BALB/c mice. After cell hybridization, screening and recloning , a McAb (B10) with high sensitivity and specificity was selected. In a dot Hot using the McAb B10, less than 0.05 pg of sulfonated DNA could be detected while 10 ng of DNA was not coloured The result showed that the sensitivity of McAb B10 was higher than that of the McAb from "Chemiprobe" kit

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for PCR identification of bullwhip， and to identify the authenticity of bullwhip at the molecular level. METHODS： DNA samples of bullwhip and its counterfeits （donkey whip， pig whip， sheep whip） were extracted and their integrity， purity and concentration were detected. Using GenBank related information， using mitochondrial cytochrome b （Cyt b） gene of bullwhip as target gene， Primer-BLAST online software was used to design specific primer. PCR amplification was performed for whips of different species， and electrophoretic analysis was conducted for the product. PCR products of bullwhip samples were cloned and confirmed by DNA sequencing. The specificity and repeatability of the established PCR method were verified. RESULTS： DNA purity of the bullwhip and its counterfeits was high， and there was no protein or RNA pollution. 1.5％ agarose gel electrophoresis showed that there were obvious target gene bands of bullwhip samples at 200-300 bp， while no corresponding bands appeared in other counterfeit products. The results of DNA sequencing showed that the nucleotide sequence of the gene fragment of bullwhip was 100％ similar to that of the bullwhip in GeneBank. Results of methodological validation showed that established method was specific and reproducible. CONCLUSIONS： The established PCR identification method based on Cyt b gene in the study is simple， rapid， accurate， specific and reproducible， and can meet the requirements of analysis and identification of bullwhip and its counterfeits.

China ; Education, Medical/history* ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Laboratories, Hospital/history* ; Portraits as Topic

Objective: To explore the role of tumor suppressor gene programmed cell death 5 gene (PDCD5) in the growth and temozolomide (TMZ) sensitivity of brain glioma cells. Methods:Atotal of 116 patients with cerebral glioma admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University from January 2009 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study. QPCR, WB and immunohistochemistry method were used to detect the mRNAand protein expressions of PDCD5 in glioma cell lines (U87, U251), U87 cell line with stable PDCD5 expression (U87-PDCD5), glioma cells with si-PDCD5 transfection and primary cerebral glioma tissues, respectively. MTT assay was used to detect the effect of over-expression or knockdown of PDCD5 on the growth and TMZ-sensitivity of glioma cells. The subcutaneous tumor-bearing model of glioma cell line U87 was established in nude mice, and then the experimental mice were randomly divided into control group, TMZ group, PDCD5 group and TMZ+exogenous PDCD5 recombinant expression vector group.After 20 days, the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the tumor tissue was excised to measure the tumor volume and weigh. The expression of PDCD5 in tumor tissues was detected by qPCR and WB methods, and the effects of PDCD5 combined with TMZ on the growth of gliomas were also analyzed. Results: The relative mRNA and protein expressions of PDCD5 in U87 cells were significantly lower than those in U251 cells (both P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expressions of PDCD5 in high level glioma tissues were significantly lower than those in low level tissues (all P<0.05). The sensitivity of U87-PDCD5 cells and U251 cells to TMZ was higher than that of U87 cells (all P<0.05). The sensitivity of cells to TMZ in U87-PDCD5-siRNA group and U251siRNA group was significantly lower than that of the control group (both P<0.05). The tumor volume and weigh to fnudemicexenografts were compared,and the results showed control group>TMZ group>PDCD 5group>combined group(allP<0.05);however, the mRNA and protein expressions of PDCD5 in the transplanted tumor tissues of each group showed the opposite trend (all P<0.05). Conclusion: PDCD5 over-expression can enhance the chemosensitivity of braingliomato the chemotherapy drug TMZ, while silencing of PDCD5 expression exertsthe opposite effect.The combination of PDCD5 and TMZ can better inhibit the growth of xenografts in nude mice.