The male sex worker(MSW)is a special population group who gain money or other material recompenses by offering sex service to male or female clients.Differing from the general population,they have specific demographic and AIDS-related characteristics Their risk behaviors have resulted in high prevalence rate of HIV and other sex transmitted infection among them,and meanwhile have induced them to engage in sex service.

Objective To study the relationship of age and high risk behaviors (HRBs) related to HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Methods One thousand one hundred and nine anonymous questionnaires were collected from MSM in 1999. Univariate analyses were applied to clarify the relation of the age and HRBs. Results The numbers of accumulative partners and oral intercourse behavior were higher in 35 ~ 44 age group (P

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between condom use and sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 9 cities in China.MethodsA sectional survey was carried out by using targeted sampling method (snowball sampling) in MSM who often consumed at bars in 9 cities in China,including Harbin,Shenyang,Xi'an,Zhengzhou,Nanjing,Shanghai,Wuhan,Chengdu and Chongqing.The survey respondents were required to complete an anonymous questionnaire,and blood samples were obtained from them.Data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.ResultsOverall,2250 respondents were included in this survey.Most MSM recognized that condom use could prevent STI,and no significant difference was observed in the percentage of MSM who had the recognition between MSM with STI and MSM without STI (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of STI was statistically lower in MSM who used condom during sexual intercourse than those who never used ( 17.2％ vs.24.5％,P ＜ 0.05 ),Iower in MSM who used condom at every time of anal intercourse in the last 6 months than those who used condom not at every time or never used condom (14.2％vs.19.3％,P ＜ 0.01 ).The respondents who thought that the insistence on using condom would make the partner suspicious that they suffered from STI showed a higher incidence of STI(34.0％) compared with those who believed that they just had one partner(16.6％,P ＜ 0.05 ),those who thought that condom use was detrimental to their close relationship (16.1％,P ＜ 0.05),and those who thought condom use was unnecessary (11.5％,P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionsCondom use is definitely beneficial to the prevention of transmission of STI/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).MSM who use condom at every time are associated with a lower incidence of STI,while those who think that the insistence on using condom will make their partners suspicious that they suffer from STI are associated with a high incidence of STI.

Objective To research the pyrazinamide drug susceptibility of Mycohacterium tuberculosis,and provide reference for clinical medication and prevention.Methods Bactec MGIT 960 system was used to test the resistance of isoniazid,rifam picin,ethambutol,streptomycin and pyrazinamide for 153 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Results Of 153 Mycobacterium tuberculosis,34 were resistant to PZA,and the resistant rate was 22.2 ％.There was no PZA single drug resistance.A mong patients with and without INH resistance,RFP resistance,EMB resistance and Sm resistance,the proportions of PZA resistance were respectively 40.5 ％ (34/84) vs 0％(0/69),47.5％(29/61) vs 5.4％(5/92),75％(6/8) vs 19.3％(28/145),53.1％ (26/49) vs 7.7％ (8/104).Among the 54 multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains 53.7％ were resistant to PZA,which was significantly higher than 5.1 ％ (5/99) among the nonMDR-TB strains (x2 =47.854,P＜0.05).In multivariate logistic analysis,resistance to Sm (OR=0.270,95％CI:0.091～0.802) and MDR-TB (OR=0.281,95％CI:0.087～0.911) were risk factors to PZA resistance.Conclusion The PZA resistance rate among MDR-TB isolates was high.PZA resistance would be associated with SM resistance and MDR-TB.The drug susceptibility test for PZA is very important to MDR-TB patients.

ObjectiveTomonitorthehighriskbehaviorsandotherAIDS/STIrelatedfactorsamongmenwhohavesexwithmen(MSM),especiallymalehomosexualsinmainlandChina.MethodsSelf-administratedanonymousmailsurveyswerecarriedoutin2001,andanalyzedwithSPSS.ResultsOnethousandonehundredandnineeffectivequestionnaireswerecollectedfrom30provincesandcities.MostofMSMlivedinbigormedi-um-sizedcities,havinggoodeducation,andbeingyounger.Thenumbersofsamegendersexpartnersweremorethanone.Theyoftenhadcasualsexpartnersandunprotectedintercourse.Inthelastyear,11.45%reportedhavingbeendiagnosedSTI.AmongMSMwhohavebeentestedforHIVantibody,5.45%oftestswerepositive.ConclusionsWhileSTIratehasbeenreachingahighlevel,MSMwithSTIalsohavebeeninfectedwithHIVintheMSMofmainlandChina.OthergroupshavingsexwithMSMareatgreaterriskofSTI/HIVinfection.ItisinurgentneedtopreventandcontrolSTI/AIDSinMSM.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of semi-ex vivo intestinal autotrans-plantation (IATx) for patients with mesenteric root regional tumors accompanied by vascular invasion.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 6 patients who underwent semi-ex vivo IATx in the Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from September 2021 to December 2022 were collected. There were 4 males and 2 females, aged (47±21)years. Observation indicators: (1) surgical conditions; (2) postoperative conditions; (3) follow-up. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented by Mean± SD. Count data were represented by absolute numbers. Results:(1) Surgical conditions. All 6 patients completed semi-ex vivo IATx successfully. The operation time, warm ischemia time, cold ischemia time, volume of intraoperative blood transfusion were (10.2±2.1)hours, (2.3±1.6)minutes, (49.2±15.6)minutes, (707±263)mL. Of the 6 patients, 3 patients were intraoperatively perfused with cold UW solution, while the other 3 were not. (2) Postoperative conditions. Results of postoperative pathological examination of the 6 patients showed 4 cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, 1 case of cholangiocarcinoma, and 1 case of mesenteric fibromatosis. All 6 cases had nega-tive surgical margins and the duration of postoperative hospital stay was (19±4)days. None of the patient had gastrointestinal bleeding or anastomotic leakage postoperatively, and the autotransplanted intestine functioned well. There was no perioperative death, and intravenous rehydration was not required after discharge. (3) Follow-up. All 6 patients were followed up for (12±5)months. Only 1 patient with mesenteric fibromatosis had recurrence in the 7th month postoperatively, while the remaining 5 patients showed no sign of recurrence or metastasis. There were 4 of 6 patients with chronic diarrhea. They were improved after oral loperamide, bifidobacterium and pancreatin capsules. All 6 patients survived.Conclusion:Semi-ex vivo IATx for the treatment of patients with mesenteric root regional tumors accompanied by vascular invasion is safe and feasible, which can achieve good short-term efficacy.

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is a common zoonotic endemic parasitic disease in western China. It lacks of typical clinical manifestations in the early stage, and symptoms become prominent during the end stage, with an alarmingly high mortality rate. Among the treatment of end-stage HAE (es-HAE), orthotopic liver transplantation is almost the only radical treatment due to insufficient remnant liver volume, uncontrollable bleeding and difficulty in vascular reconstruction in vivo. However, the shortage of donor liver and long-term postoperative use of immunosuppressants limit its application. The introduction of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA) resolves this dilemma and significantly broadens the indications of es-HAE. In addition, multiple centers in China have optimized and modified ELRA to further improve the treatment system of es-HAE. At present, liver transplantation (including ELRA) of es-HAE remains a hot topic for clinicians. In this article, orthotopic liver transplantation, ELRA, auxiliary ELRA and other surgical treatment of es-HAE were reviewed, aiming to further enhance the diagnosis and treatment of es-HAE and improve clinical prognosis of the patients.