Objective To investigate the expressions of stern cell markers CD133,nestin and CD44 in malignant melanoma and their significance.Methods Tissue samples were obtained from 30 patients with malignant melanoma and 30 patients with intradermal nevus.The expressions of three markers were immunohistochemically detected in the samples.Results In malignant melanoma specimens,the expression rate of CD133,nestin and CD44 was 53.33%(16/30),80.00%(24/30)and 20.00%(6/30),respectively,significantly difierent from that in intradermal nevus specimens [23.33%(7/30),53.33%(1 6/30)and 0,respectively,all P＜0.05].The percentage of cells positive for CD133,nestin and CD44 was 2.98%±5.62%,34.92%±34.89%and 1.28%±3.26%,respectively,in malignant melanoma specimens.0.10%±0.21%,7.26%±13.13%and 0,respectively,in intradermal nevus specimens;there was a significant difierence between the two groups of specimens(all P＜0.05).In malignant melanoma and intradermal nevus,the expression intensity of CD133.nestin and CD44 showed no significant correlation with patients'sex.age or disease course(all P＞0.05).ConclusionsCD133,nestin and CD44 are highly expressed in malignant melanoma,but weakly expressed or absent in intradermal nevus,suggesting that tumor stem cells might exist in malignant melanoma tissue.

Objective To analyze the molecular cytogenetic abnormalities and pathogenesis of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma (BL) by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH).Methods First,immunophenotype,molecular genetics and EB virus (EBV) infection status were detected using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization in 21 pediatric BL patients.Second,in addition to detecting genome-wide genetic gain/deletion status,aCGH results with EBV infection status were also correlated.Results aCGH results showed genetic alterations in 19 cases (90.5 ％).Generally,frequency of chromosomal gain was higher than chromosomal deletion.The regions of frequently-occurring small DNA genomic fragment gains (≥40 ％ cases) were 3q21.1,5p13.2,19q13.32,12q23.1,14q32.33,6q27,20p13 and 20p11.21.Large DNA fragment gains and deletions could be detected in 42.9 ％ (9/21) cases in the 14q24.2 and 14q32.33 regions.There was no significant difference in genetic alterations between EBV (+) and EBV (-) BL cases (P≥0.05).Conclusion aCGH results show that BL cases have complex genetic alterations,which have no significant difference between EBV(+) and EBV(-) cases.Most BL cases show large DNA segment deletion or acquisition of 14q,indicating that 14q gene alteration plays an important role in the pathogenesis of BL.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions ofheparinase,matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2(TIMP2) in malignant melanoma lesions and their significance.MethodsSkin specimens were obtained from the lesions of 30 patients with malignant melanoma,30 patients with melanocytic nevus and the normal skin of 15 healthy controls.Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the protein expression of heparinase,MMP2 and TIMP2.ResultsThe malignant melanoma tissue specimens significantly differed from the melanocytic nevus and control tissue specimens in the expression rate of heparinase (63.33％ vs.6.67％ and 0.00,x2 =21.172,27.805,both P ＜ 0.01 ),MMP2 (70.00％ vs.13.33％ and 0.00,x2 =19.817,19.866,both P＜ 0.01) and TIMP2(60.00％ vs.6.67％ and 0.00,x2 =19.200,15.000,both P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe expression of heparinase,MMP2 and TIMP2 is significantly higher in malignant melanoma lesions than in melanocytic nevus lesions and normal skin tissue.

The cardiovascular disease has become one of the important chronic health problems for humans. At present, the research on the traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease has been studied from the relevance to the mechanism. In this paper, the recent progress of the traditional risk factors of CVD and the impact mechanism are reviewed in order to provide a basis for the prevention, treatment and nursing of cardiovascular diseases.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is defined as non-protein coding transcript longer than 200 nucleotides. In the form of RNA, it affects gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and is widely involved in the body's pathophysiological processes. This review summarizes the research progress of lncRNA in the field of parasitology in order to find new targets for the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases.

Objective To evaluate the effect of metformin on an imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model,and to explore its related mechanism.Methods A total of 50 male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into several groups:control group,imiquimod group (IM group) and imiquimod combined with metformin group (IM-Met group).The IM-Met group were classified into 3 subgroups (100,150 and 200 g/L IM-Met groups) according to the concentration of metformin.Mice in the control group were treated with topical vaseline cream on the back and intraperitoneal injection of 0.9％ sodium chloride physiological solution of 0.3 millilitres every day.Mice in the IM group were treated with topical imiquimod cream on the back and intraperitoneal injection of 0.9％ sodium chloride physiological solution of 0.3 millilitres every day.Mice in the 100,150 or 200 g/L IM-Met groups were treated with topical imiquimod cream on the back and intraperitoneal injection of 100,150 or 200 g/L metformin of 0.3 millilitres respectively every day.The changes of the erythema area,scales and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) over time in each group were observed by naked eyes.These mice were sacrificed after 7 days of treatment.Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expression of interleukin (IL)-17 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-Stat3) in the dorsal skin tissues of these mice,and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect serum levels of IL-17,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in these mice.Comparison among these groups was carried out by using one-way analysis of variance,and means of two groups were compared by using least significant difference (LSD)-t test.Results Compared with the IM group,the 100,150 and 200 g/L IM-Met groups showed alleviated erythema and scaling severity,and significantly decreased PASI score,protein expression of IL-17 and pStat3,and serum levels of inflammation factors such as IL-17,IL-6 and TNF-α (all P ＜ 0.05).Seven days later,the PASI score and protein expression of IL-17 and p-Stat3 were all significantly lower in the 150 g/L IM-Met group than in the 100 g/L IM-Met group (t =4.18,-5.95,-2.80 respectively,P ＜ 0.05,≤ 0.01,≤ 0.01 respectively),but no significant differences were observed between the 150 g/L IM-Met group and 200 g/L IM-Met group (t =0.29,-0.42,-0.32 respectively,P ＞ 0.05,=0.69,=0.76 respectively).The serum levels of IL-17,IL-6 and TNF-α in the 150 g/L IM-Met group were 33.388 ± 1.556 ng/L,210.741 ±4.440 ng/L and 249.434 ± 8.594 ng/L respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the 200 g/L IM-Met group (26.720 ± 2.156 ng/L,174.997 ± 9.501 ng/L,193.034 ± 6.661 ng/L respectively;t =7.93,10.79 and 16.403 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),but significantly lower than those in the 100 g/L IM-Met group (44.008 ± 1.722 ng/L,260.926 ± 7.724 ng/L,271.409 ± 3.037 ng/L respectively;t =-14.47,-17.81 and -7.62 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Metformin can alleviate psoriasis-like skin lesions and inflammation status in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mouse model to a certain extent,which may be related to the decrease of p-Stat3 protein expression.

Fatigue is commonly experienced in patients with advanced kidney disease and associated with poor outcomes. The purpose of this review was to discuss the prevalence, assessment methods and contributing factors of fatigue in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and also examined possible interventions to improve fatigue and concludes by defining some future research directions.

Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer. Increasing evidence supports that dysregulation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays a vital role in cancer progression. RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP), a lncRNA, is characterized as a tumor-propeller in some cancers, but its mechanism in TNBC remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine whether and how RMRP functions in TNBC. Methods: Cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays and cell apoptosis by flow cytometry analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Cell migration and invasion were determined by transwell assays. RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase reporter, and RNA pulldown assays were implemented to assess the interaction of RMRP with other molecules in TNBC cells. Results: RMRP expression was elevated in TNBC cells. RMRP knockdown repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, but induced apoptosis in TNBC. In addition, RMRP was found to target microRNA-766-5p (miR-766-5p) in TNBC cells. Silencing miR-766-5p enhanced cell viability and decreased apoptosis, whereas miR-766-5p overexpression had opposite effects. Furthermore, miR-766-5p was found to bind to yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). Moreover, miR-766-5p inhibition reversed the repressive effect of RMRP knockdown on the malignant progression of TNBC. Conclusion The present study manifested that RMRP promotes the growth, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells via the miR-766-5p/YAP1 axis. These findings provide novel perspectives for TNBC treatment.

Subjective well-being,a comprehensive psychological index for evaluating the quality of life,is closely related to the physical and mental health of the elderly.At present,the mainly Methods for measuring subjective well-being in the elderly is scale. Subjective well-being assessment scales include generic scales and specific scales.Domestic elderly subjective well-being scales commonly imported from abroad.Specific scales for elderly are less in mainland China.This article will review the current research status for subjective well-being assessment scales in the elderly, in order to strengthen the localization research of specific scales and further provides reference for the clinical research of this topic.

Cardiovascular disease has become a major health problem facing human beings, and it is also the leading cause of death world wide.Now Cardiovascular disease risk factors have been found and many new complex risk factors (such as sleep, atmospheric pollution, social psychological factors, cortisol, C-reactiveprotein, homocysteine, age at menarche etc.) are put forward, which let people have a deeper understanding. In this paper, the recent advances in cardiovascular disease risk factors and influence mechanism are reviewed, so as to provide basis and support for cardiovascular disease in prevention, treatment and nursing.