Introduction Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide. It can be prevented by identifying pre-cancer lesions at early stages using Pap smear screening and treating these lesions. Knowledge and attitude on cervical cancer and Pap smear tests are associated with actual participation in cervical cancer screening. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate cervical cancer and Pap smear knowledge and attitudes among Mongolian women. Materials and Methods A total of 671 women aged 30 to 60 years from urban and rural areas participated in the study. The multiple clusters sampling method was used. We examined the relations of socio-demographic characteristics with lack of knowledge and negative attitude towards Pap smear tests by using a multilogistic regression analysis. Result The response rate was 89% (671/750). 62% of the participants correctly answered less than 4 out of 8 questions about cervical cancer risk factors. Also 47,2% and 79,3% of the total number of the women had never heard of Pap Smear and HPV. Only 16,4% of the respondents have some knowledge about them. Almost all (93%) participants agreed that there is a defficiency of information about cancer and its screening.58% and 28% of respondents said that they would participate in Pap smear tests voluntarily and agree to vaccinate their daughters. Positive attitude on Pap smear tests was higher among women living in rural areas and those who have had a Pap smear test. Conclusions Cervical cancer and Pap smear knowledge and attitude among the women in Mongolia are low. Having higher education and higher income level did not ensure positive attitude to cervical cancer screening. Strategies for communicating accurate information about cervical cancer, prevention, and detection as well as risk and treatment of cervical cancer are needed.

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is one of the non communicable diseases which are cause of mobility and mortality of world population. By the study of other researchers in our country early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is more than 10%, in total of 84.3% of all diagnosed patients, vascular complication has been revealed. In this study we involved 64 people to reveal renal complication which is one of the microvascular of diabetes mellitus and did statistical analyses. We estimated renal complication according to the classification of 5 phases of clinical and laboratory indices. We defined amount of creatinine by fully automatic analyzer CHEMIX-180, amount of urine protein microalbumin and creatinine by CABOY 720 analyzer and proportion was accounted according to terminology. From all participants, 53.1% was male, 46.9% was female, average age was 54.2 years. 29,7% of the all participants had the first and second phase of nephropathy, 14.1% had the third phase, 12.5% had the fourth stage or clinical nephropathy. There wasn’t any participant whom chronic renal failure was revealed. Microalbuminuria analyze is important to reveal renal complication of type 2 diabetes and determine the phase in detail.

Hemangiomas are common benign vascular tumors which about 70% to 80% of the lesions are found in the head and neck region. This study was conducted on 36 children with hemangioma who were referred to Orofacial Surgery Cabinet of Dental School of Health Sciences University of Mongolia and Orofacial Surgery Cabinet of National Center for Maternal and Child Health of Mongolia between 2013 and 2015.Of the 36 children referred for assessment, 72% were female, 55% were infants of 4 to 9 months old, and 83% of them were citizens. 58% of patients underwent cryotherapy,and 57% of patients underwent cryotherapy had 2 therapy sessions. 25% of patients receiver sclerotic therapy, and 67% of them had 2 therapy sessions. According to the locations of hemangiomas 30% of them were localized in infraorbital area. 72% of the participants are women and 55% are children age of 4-9 month which 83% of all participants were living in city. 58% of children with hemangioma are treated with cryotherapy which 57%of treatment finished by second visit. And 25% were treated by dehydration treatment which 67% were finished by second visit.

Nutrition is a key factor in the normal functioning of the immune system, and malnutrition is one of the most common causes of immunodeficiency worldwide today. However, the public health policies on immune system and infection lacks the nutritional strategy to ensure the optimal functioning of the immune system Loss of cellular immunity, phagocyte function, blood protein complex, cytokine synthesis, and A-immunoglobulin secretion are generally associated with protein-energy deficiency.
Some vitamins and minerals, such as A, B6, B12, C, D, E, folic acid, zinc, iron, selenium, magnesium, and copper, plays an important role in the immune system function. Deficiency or low levels of micronutrients can negatively affect the immune system and reduce the ability to fight infections.

Introduction: The treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections has become a pressing problem for humanity worldwide, and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are likely to be the leading cause of death by 2050.Due to the mutation of infectious disease-causing bacteria and the emergence of bacterial resistance due to the improper use of antibiotics, the time and cost of infectious disease treatment increases, and in some cases, it leads to an increase in mortality, so it is the focus of the health sector in every country, regardless of the income level of the population. In addition, bacterial resistance has a negative impact on public health, food safety, the environment, and the economy.
As of 2015, Mongolia ranks among the countries with the highest consumption of antibiotics in the world, with 64.41 units of antibiotics prescribed per 1,000 people per day. Bacteria resistant to broad spectrum antibiotics have increased dramatically, and among Gram-positive bacteria, drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become one of the most common and dangerous cause Purpose: Determine the external structure of liposome-encapsulated antibiotics and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Materials and Methods: We conducted this study using an experimental research design. Phospholipids were isolated by intermittent evaporation, antibiotic encapsulation by freeze-thaw method, and antibiotic sensitivity was determined using standard strains by disc diffusion andmicro dilution method. Research ethics: Permission to submit the survey was granted by the Ethics Review Committee of the MNUMS. The survey was granted in accordance with the rules and regulations. Results: In liposome-encapsulated antibiotic sensitivity assays, azithromycin and clarithromycin did not form sacred circles, whereas doxycycline hyclate was sensitive by forming a 16 mm circle. Doxycycline hyclate encapsulated in liposomes formed a 16 mm circle with sensitive results, whereas blank liposomes were inactive. When the rabbits were infected with a standard strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the infected area was purulent 24 hours later. A cream containing antibiotics was started at this time. A deep wound was recovered after 12 days after the pus was removed. Nevertheless, after 24 days, the wound on the rabbit’s infected part healed and the hair on the scraped part grew back. Conclusion According to the dilution method, liposome-encapsulated doxycycline hyclate inhibited bacterial growth at 2-fold lower doses than pure doxycycline hyclate. In experimental animal models, liposome-based antibiotic ointment has shown antibacterial activity.