Objective: To retrospectively analyze the drug resistant characteristics and distribution of multi-drug resistant bacteria infection in State Second General Hospital. Methods: Total 772 cases treated in our hospital from January 2017 to September 2019 were selected as subjects. The automatic microorganism analyzer VITEC-2 and manual method were used for bacterial identification; Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for susceptibility test; WHONET 5.6.2019 software and EXCEL 2013 were used to analyze the distribution and drug sensitivity of isolated bacteria. Results: Among the 772 strains of multi drug resistant bacteria, the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was 84.9%, and the proportion of Gram-positive bacteria was 15,1%; fluconazole resistant candida accounted for 3.2%. Multi -drug resistant bacteria mostly distributed in sputum, accounting for 23.5%; 50.5% multi-drug resistant strains were from intensive care unit.
Resistant rates of Escherichia Coli ESBL, Klebsiella ESBL and Enterobacter spp to cephalosporins and penicillin were 100%. Resistant rates of staphylococcus aureus to antibacterial agents; cephalosporins and penicillin were 100%. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria were the main multi-drug resistant bacteria of our study in our hospital, mainly distributing in Intensive care unit patients. They are highly resistant to most antibacterial agents, which provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of multi-drug resistant bacteria infection in hospital.

COVID-19 global pandemic is spreading rapidly between close contacts through respiratory droplets. The most effective measures to combat and reduce infection outbreaks include social distancing, movement restrictions, and health sector capacity building, as well as public health. Scientists emphasize the importance of containing the number of positive cases without exceeding current doctors and hospital resources. They concluded that quarantine, particularly complete lockdown is effective in controlling the risk.
Furthermore, the mistakes reported during lockdown enforcement are the only measures to be taken when the infection rate peaks. In the highest infection rate, the intensive care unit needs to increase by 10 percent in only 24 hours if there is no lockdown. In China, complete and partial quarantines in COVID-19 outbreak areas were effective in containing the infection transmission. Mongolia declared a state of emergency and enforced quarantine on November 10, 2020, since the first positive case was reported. Without the quarantine, the number of positive cases is estimated to be 3.2 times higher.

Background: Nurses spend the most time with patients when providing medical care, making them a crucial factor in ensuring appropriate and effective treatment. Their assessment skills play a vital role in pain management. Aim: This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Mongolian version of the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted using the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP) questionnaire. A total of 145 nurses from the surgical, emergency, and intensive care units of the National Trauma and Orthopedic Research Center (NTORC), the National Cancer Center of Mongolia (NCCM), and the National Center for Maternal and Child Health (NCMCH) participated in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-25 software. Results: The study included 115 female and 30 male nurses, with an average age of 37.21±7.50 years and an average work experience of 13.43±7.57 years. The face validity index (FVI) for each item ranged from 0.81 to 1.00. The content validity index (CVI) for each item ranged from 0.66 to 1.00. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, which was found to be 0.88. Conclusion The Mongolian version of the KASRP demonstrates satisfactory face validity, content validity, and reliability, making it suitable for practical application.