Background: According to a study by US scientists, 1/3 percent of the world’s population uses tobacco, and the use of tobacco has steadily decreased over the years, while the use of tobacco-like products, including electronic cigarettes, has increased rapidly. In order to combat this problem, it is necessary to assess the knowledge about e-cigarettes among young people, who are considered to be the main users of e-cigarettes. The lack of research on e-cigarettes is the basis for this study. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge of electronic cigarettes among Nursing students of the School of Nursing. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by randomly selecting 128 first-year Bachelor of Nursing students from the School of Nursing and taking a questionnaire. The results of the research were statistically processed using the IBM statistics SPSS-25.0 program. Results: Considering the age of the students in the study, 18 years old (41.4%), 19 years old (46.9%), and 20 years old (11.7%) were included. Regarding gender, 113 (88.3%) were female and 15 (11.7%) were male. 65 (50.8%) of the students are enrolled from Ulaanbaatar city, 63 (49.2%) from the local area. When assessing knowledge about electronic cigarettes, 100 (78.1%) had knowledge and 28 (21.9%) had no knowledge. Among students who smoke, 34 (87.2%) smoke e-cigarettes and 5 (12.8%) smoke cigarettes. Sex, where you started, and who you live with are irrelevant to e-cigarette use. But the smoking status is that 32 (36.0%) smoke by themselves with someone in the family who smokes, 7 (17.9%) smoke by themselves without a smoker in the family, friends smoke e-cigarettes 37 (34.3%) smoke by themselves, friends 2 (10%) are related to self-attractors who do not attract friends. (p=0.022) who the participants live with is the motivation for smoking. 36% of students who live with their parents smoke, while 64% of students who live apart from their parents smoke. 84.4% of respondents do not know that e-cigarettes contain propylene glycol, 15.6% do, 63.3% do not know that electronic cigarettes contain benzene, and 36.7% do. Conclusion The level of knowledge about electronic cigarettes among nursing students was insufficient. In addition, having family members or friends who smoke was found to influence students smoking behavior.

Background: During the historical development of traditional medicine, many books and manuscripts have been written in Mongolian medicine. The main textbook of traditional medicine states that: “The size of a bone consists of 23 bone species, 28 spinal joints, 24 ribs, 32 teeth, and 360 pieces of bone.”
However, modern medicine estimates that the human body has 206 bones. Therefore, this topic was chosen to study the source material of traditional medicine, including the structure of the human body, and the number of bones in the modern medical anatomy textbook. Purpose: Details of the number of bones in the human body in the “Four Medical Tantras” (རྒྱུད་བཞི) of traditional medicine and its commentary, as well as compare with the number of bones in the basic textbook of anatomy of modern medicine. Objectives: In order to successfully implement the research objectives, the following objectives will be implemented. These include:
1. Sampling and analyzing number of bones from traditional medicine;
2. Sampling and analyzing bone numbers from modern medical textbooks;
3. Compare the names and numbers of bones in traditional medicine and modern medicine Results: The number, classification and features of human bones were analyzed from the main scriptures of traditional medicine such as “Explanatory Tantra”, of the “Four Medical Tantras” and the “Legs bshad gser gyi thur ma” by Blo-bzang-chos-grags. In addition, the number of bones in the human body was sampled from modern medical textbooks and prepared for comparison. The number and characteristics of bones in the human body were compared by traditional medicine and modern medicine and made a conclusion.
This study reveals that the foundations for the integrated development of traditional medicine were laid long ago in Mongolian medicine. In addition, to highlight the book “Four Medical Tantras”, which is the basis of the textbook on the structure of the human body and the research work of scientists and scholars, which is considered in Mongolian mamba datsan’s contribution to the science of human anatomy. The importance of this research is to change the extremes of Western medicine and traditional medicine and increase opportunities to use its introduction and development into training and clinical practice. Conclusion
1. The main creature of body structure in traditional medicine is the “Four Medical Tantras” which generally assumes that the numbers of bones are 360 but does not specify it in detail. During the research, we identified 357 bone names to identify each bone. The names and locations of the three bones were not clearly marked in the medical sources.
2. The numbers of bones are 206 in modern medical textbooks. We recalculated 151 bones based on traditional medical sources without duplication of that.
3. Compared to traditional medicine and modern medicine, the number of bones and are higher than 154 bone names in traditional medicine because we included the number of teeth, small bones in the ears and small bones in the fingers and toes. Some cartilage was also counted as bones.

Introduction: In 2018, the overall colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rate was 3.6%, according to the National Cancer Center of Mongolia (NCCM), and the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased slightly in recent years. According to cancer stages, late stage cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 51%, while early stage cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 79%. The overall survival rate of colorectal cancer in Mongolia has not been studied in precisely. In Asia, the 5-year survival rate for colorectal cancer was 60%. Therefore, this study investigated the colorectal cancer survival rate and prognostic factors at NCCM. Methods: A total of 108 patients diagnosed with CRC at NCCM’s General Surgery Department from 2013 to 2015 were used in this retrospective cohort study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to develop the survival graphs, which were then compared using the Log-rank test. Results: The median survival time was 42 months, with a 95% CI (38.55-45.66). A 5-year period, the overall survival rate for CRC was 61.2%. Survival rates at the I, II, III, and IV stages were 100%, 75%, 65.4%, and 13.5%, respectively. There was a significant difference in CRC survival rates across all stages (p=0.0001). There was a statistically significant difference in determining the relationship between adjuvant chemotherapy and survival rate (p=0.0003). Conclusion The outcome of the surgery is determined by the CRC stage. The postoperative survival rate (61.2%) is directly related to tumor stage, peripheral glandular metastasis, distant metastasis, and chemotherapy effects.

To detect factors influencing infant’s weight growth during the last few years and to do comparing analysis between mother’s and infant’s weight. 3600 birth histories were chosen and used out of all childbirths happened in 2010-2014 in Ulaanbaatar’s First Maternity hospital using random sampling method. Questionnaires consisting of 21 questions were performed within primiparas, mothers giving birth not for the first time and mothers giving birth by cesarean section. Processing of all the workings were done by using Microsoft Word 8 and Microsoft Excel 2007.According to the results of the research there is a tendency to weight growth of the infants. Comparing weights of the first child of the woman (women giving birth repeatedly and women giving birth by cesarean section) with the second one there is an increasing number of infants with heavier weight. And also as per research done within primiparas there is an increasing number of children born weighting more than 4010 grams during last 5 years. To compare heights of the women giving birth, there is a dominating number of women whose heights are between 155-160,9. However, there is a tendency of birth rate to increase in women whose heights are 161cm. According to the research 63% of all women giving birth were 21-30 years old, average age of women is 28,1 years old. We also detected that there is a dominating number of women giving birth for the 2nd time, but also we concluded that there is an increase in a frequency of women giving birth for the 3rd and 4th times as well. Birth frequency\5 years average\: according to the research we have done we are concluding that 46% of all women are giving birth for the 2nd time, 48%- for the 3rd time, 5% of all women are giving birth for the 4th time and 1% of them are having their 5th child. Significants of cesarean section: 338 are repeated cesarean section, 228 are chronic hypoxia, 131are preeclampsia, beech presentation are171 and other. Childbearing time comparing there is an increase in childbearing of 40-41 weeks.. Comparison between first child’s weight and second child’s weight. As per comparison done between a women’s previous child’s weight and a present child’s weights there is a decrease in a number births of children weights of whose are between 3000-3500 g of 8%, and also an increase in number of births of the children weighting 3510-4000 g by 9,2%, of the children weighting 4010-4500 g by 3% and of the children weighting more than 4510 g by 1,4% was seen. Compare between weights of the first child and second child of the women giving birth by cesarean section done between first and second children’s weights we detected that there is an increase in a number of children weighting 3000-3500 g by 10,4%, weighting 3510-4000 g by 10,2%, weighting 4010-4500 by 12,8% and weighting more than 4510 by 2,59%. Women’s first child’s weight comparison are showing there is a dominating number of children born weighting 3000-4000 grams, however, we also see that there is a slightly increase in number of children born weighting more than 4010 grams. As per research we have done between average heights of the women giving birth in a last 5 years we are concluding following: height of 13% of all women who were involved in a research was 149-154 cm, 39%’s height was 155-160,9 cm, 27%- 161- 166,9 cm and 19% of them were taller than 167cm. According to the research we see dominating number of over weighted women. Despite of sampling method not showing good enough picture of weight index increase we can conclude that number of 2r and 3r levels of overweight mothers are not only staying at the same level but also has some tendency to grow. It was observed that the fact of weight gaining, bad eating habits, not doing sports during pregnancy and increasing of women height acceleration and post-term pregnancy are influencing infant’s weight gain which leads to infant’s morbidity and pathology and to complications during pregnancy and childbirth.When women give birth repeatedly with every birth they give there is an increase in a child’s weight. And also between primiparas there is an increased number of children born weighting more than 4010 grams.Between women involved in a research there is a dominating number of women who are 155-160,9 cm tall, however, it is 46% of them whose heights are more than 161 cm. It shows that average height of Mongolian women is increasing.According to weight index not only women with overweight are dominating, but also number of women with 2 and 3r levels of overweight never goes down and slightly increases. From this we may conclude that overweight problems of women are influencing weight of the baby and also contributes to childbirth and pregnancy complications.