The treatment of malignant tumor is one of the world's worst medical problem and is thus a research hotspot. The occur-rence of tumor development follows the molecule→cell→tissue→organ process. In theory, treatment can be achieved at any stage of tumor-growth by inhibition. Minimally invasive technology for treating tumor embodies the following direction of tumor treat-ment:minimally invasive, precise, and efficient. With endoscopy or imaging as a guide, the purpose of minimally invasive therapy is to have a small wound and to control tumor maximally at the tissue and organ level;thus, this therapy mode is the best and most pre-cise. This kind of technology has a good application prospect, even in the case of distant metastasis, and can be used to relieve the symptoms and improving the quality of survival by treating lesions affecting important organ functions. Minimally invasive therapy is a great challenge following the direction of modern medicine. With the development of medical science and technology, the important role of minimally invasive therapy in future tumor therapy is foreseen.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can differentiate into mature endothelial cells and participate in postnatal vascular regeneration and impaired endothelium repair.Rearches in recent years on use of EPCs as seed cells in promoting angiogenesis,maintaining the integrity of endothelial function and constructing tissue engineered blood vessels are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the influence of recombinant human augmenter of liver rege neration (hALR) on stromelysin 1 gene expression in experimental liver fibrosis. Methods Two kinds of rat model of experimental liver fibrosis induced by CCl 4 and albumin were established and different dosages of recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration were given during the process of model making. Total RNA of liver tissues was extracted and stromelysin 1 gene expression levels were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results In both rat models of experimental liver fibrosis, stromelysin 1 gene expression levels in hALR treating group were significantly higher than those of model groups in different periods of model forming. Stromelysin 1 gene expression levels in high dose hALR treated group were significantly higher than those of low dose hALR treated group.Conclusion Recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration may have effects of promoting gene expression of stromelysin 1 in experimental liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the effects of pancuronium on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) and to determine if pancuronium has direct effects on PC cells.Methods PC12 cells (purchased from Institute of Cytology, Chinese Academy of Science) were cultured in DMEM containing penicillin and glutamine. nAChR in PC12 cells were stimulated with different concentrations of Ach ( 10, 30, 100, 300, 1 000 ?mol?L-1 ). Ach-mediated inward currents were recorded using whole-cell patch clamp technique with holding potential set at - 80 mV. To investigate the effects of pancuronium on nAChR in PC cells, the PC12 cells were perfused with different concentrations of pancuronium (0.01,0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1 000 ?mol ? L-1 ) before Ach 1 ?mol?L-1 was added. Results Inward currents were elicited by stimulation of nAChR with Ach in a concentration-dependent manner. 93.7% of nAChRs could be activated by 1 ?mol ? L1 Ach. Pancuronium reversibly suppressed the currents in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control currents elicited by 1 ?mol?L-1 Ach. 1 ?mol?L-1 pancuronium could almost completely suppressed the currents elicited by 1 ?mol ? L-1 Ach.Conclusion Pancuronium could inhibit nAChR in PC12 cells and reduce catecholamine release.

Objective To investigate the effects of rocuronium and vecuronium on the adult-type (?-nAChR) and fetal-type (?-nAChR) muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Methods HEK293 cells were obtained from Institute of Cytology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.?- and ?-nAChRs were expressed heterologously in HEK293 cells using transfection technique. Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to determine the potencies of the two muscle relaxants alone or in combination in blocking the function of the two types of nAChRs. Results Both rocuronium and vecuronium could competitively inhibit the activation of ?- nAChR and ?-nAChR by Ach. The IC50 of rocuronium and vecuronium for ?-nAChR was 169.2 ? 12.5 and (8.3 ? 2.7) ?mol?L-1 and for ?-nAChR was 8.6 ? 2.7 and (55.0?10.4) ?mol?L-1 respectively. The IC50 of rocuronium in combination with vecuronium was (0.7 ? 0.3) ?mol ? L-1 for ?-nAChR and (36.3 ? 14.2) ?mol ? L-1 for ?-nAChR.Conclusion The two muscle relaxants have different blocking action on the two types of nAChRs. Rocuronium has stronger inhibitory effect on ?-nAChR than on ?-nAChR while vecuronium has stronger inhibitory effect on ?-nAChR than on ?-nAChR. The inhibitory effects of the two muscle relaxants in combination was synergistic on ?-nAChR and additive on ?-nAChR.

Objective To summarize our experience in the management of extensive small bowel necrosis from acute superior mesenteric arterial (SMA) embolism. MethodsSeven cases with extensive small bowel necrosis from acute SMA embolism were treated from 1991 to 1999. Results In this group small bowel of 28～ 30 cm and 70～90 cm were remained respectively in 3 and 4 cases after surgery. Two patients died of septic shock while the other 5 developed short or ultra short bowel syndrome and were finally cured by means of combined intravenous nutrition and oral feeding. 5 patients were followed up for 18～36 months, all are in good health. Conclusions Timely diagnosis and prompt operation are important to elevated survival rate. SMA embolectomy helps in preserving living intestine. For patients with short or ultra short bowel syndrome, comprehensive measures of intravenous nutrition and stepwise oral feeding in combination can quickly restore digestive and absorptive function of the residual intestine.

Objective To compare the pharmacokinetics on rabbit after left gastric regional arterial infusion chemotherapy with peripheral intravenous administration.Methods 18 rabbits were seperated into 6 time groups at random and 5 Fu (50mg/kg) was infused through left gastric artery. Blood of portal vein and peripheral vein were sampled at different times. Finally all rabbits were killed and partial stomach tissues were sampled. Blood and stomach tissue were analysed with high efficacy liquid chromatography after disposed. Control group members were infused 5 Fu (50 mg/kg) by ear marginal vein and then blood and stomach tissue samples taken at different times were analysed with the same method. Results The drug concentration time curve of portal vein and peripheral vein both reached the peak at the fifth minute after drug administration in the two methods, then declined quickly and slowed down after 30 minutes, according with two house models. The drug concentration in portal vein of the experimental group was obviously higher than in the peripheral vein and also higher than in the portal vein of the controll group maintaining for a longer period. Drug concentration in stomach tissue of experimental group was 11 times of that of control group at the fifth minute and was similar after 2 hours in both methods groups.Conclusions Drug concentration in blood of portal vein and stomach tissue can maintain a higher level in a longer period with the same local effect after left gastric arterial infusion chemotheraphy showing high chemotherapeutic efficiency.

Objective: To summarize the experience in the management of acute abdominal aortic occlusion and myonephropathic metabolic syndrome. Methods: Thirty two cases of acute abdominal aortic occlusion treated between Aug. 1987 and Aug. 2003 in this department were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were 11 deaths in surgical group (36 6%), mainly due to acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia postoperatively. Conclusion: Acute abdominal aortic occlusion is a potentially lethal disease, which would lead to limb. Early diagnosis and surgical restoration of aortic circulation might be helpful decrease the morbidity and mortality. The effective management of myonephropathic metabolic syndrome (MNMS), a common and severe complication of AAO would have a great impact on the therapeutic outcome. However, the mechanism, prevention and treatment of this syndrome further study.

Objective To assess the efficiency,safety and indications of permanent inferior vena cava filters (VCF) placement for prevention of pulmonary embolism in cases of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Method In this study 71 cases were treated with permanent inferior vena cava filters by way of the internal jugular vein and the common femoral vein. Cavography was performed routinely before inserting the VCF to confirm no thrombosis in IVC and access veins. The insertion site for filters is the subrenal vena cava. Results The procedure was successful in all cases. There was no case of symptomatic PE occurred during 1～41 months of follow-up. There were 2 cases of IVC thrombosis at the site of insertion and 5 cases of filter tilting less than 15?. There were no other complications. Conclusion Permanent IVC filter placement is an effective method for preventing fatal PE due to DVT. Imaging of the vena cava and access vein by venous ultrasound and cavography, strict anticoagulation therapy after VCF insertion are key to perform VCF placement, provide protection from recurrent life-threatening PE and reduce complications. The filter placement indications should be strict.

OBJECTIVE To observe bacterial distribution and drug resistance in Ningxia.METHODS The patients with nosocomial infection mornitored by Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System from Jan 2003 to Dec 2007 were analyzed and summarized.RESULTS Amomg 3276 isolates,1752 strains(53.48%) were Gram-negative bacilli,1471 strains(44.9%) were Gram-positive cocci and,53(1.62%) fungi.The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli(909),Staphylococcus aureus(509),S.epidermidis(260),Enterococcus faecalis(258),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(206).Most of them were multidrug resistant.Most strains of Gram-negative bacilli were highly susceptible to imipenem,while most strains of Gram-positive cocci were highly susceptible to vancomycin.CONCLUSIONS Most pathogens of nosocomial infection are multidrug resistant,the resistance detection of bacteria has an important significance to clinical treatment and infection control.