0.05) and systolic velocity of regional myocardium, the difference between Ven and Vep, and mitral valve annulus have improved during the follow up study( P

Velocity vector imaging (VVI) is a promising and relatively new noninvasive method of assessing wall movement and flexible features of vessels,being able to qualitatively, quantitatively, accurately and intuitively assess mechanical characteristics of vascular wall movement. VVI can reflect changes of characteristics of flexibility and movement of carotid artery in early atherosclerosis and plaque rotation angle. It provides a new way for the study of unstable plaque. The research and current status of clinical application of VVI were reviewed in this article.

Objective To study the association of sex, body mass index and insulin resistance with serum leptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods one hundred and eight patients were divided into two groups according to BMI: diabetic obese group and diabetic normal BMI group.Their weight and height were measured. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting true insulin(FTI),postprandial true insulin(PTI),and fasting serum leptin(LEP) were also measured. ISI=1/(FPG?FTI) as insulin sensitivity index were used to analyse the relation between leptin and insulin resistance. Results ⑴The serum leptin,body mass index,FTI and PTI were significantly higher in diabetic obese group than diabetic normal BMI group. ISI was significantly lower in diabetic obese group than diabetic normal BMI group. ⑵Female serum leptin levels were significantly higher than male serum leptin levels in diabetic obese group and diabetic normal BMI group. ⑶Fasting leptin was correlated with sex. Leptin was positively corrected with body mass index,FTI and was negatively corrected with ISI. Serum leptin wasn't correlated with FPG. Conclusin Serum leptin level is associated with sex,BMI and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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Objective:To systematically assess the value of 2 dimension color Doppler ultrasound(2D-CDUS) in diagnosis,surgical treatment and interventional therapy of carotid artery stenosis. Methods: Twenty seven carotid stenosis patients were examined before and after operation with 2D-CDUS. The morphology and hemodynamic of carotid artery were detected. Results: Pre-operative examination showed that there were 17 cases with stenosis degree being 50%-70%, 2 cases 71%-79%, 5 cases 80%-90%, 3 cases 90%-99%. Twelve cases were operated on with carotid endarterectomy(CEA), 15 cases with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent(PTAS). After operation all the vessels with CEA were patent, colored well and blood velocity was close to normal. Residual intima was observed floating in the blood vessel in only one patient. In the patients treated by PTAS, the location and courser of the stents were normal,and the vessels were patent. Conclusion: 2D-CDUS is convenient to use and non-invasive, which can assess extracranial carotid stenosis accurately before operation, assess the curative effect and detect the complications after operation.

Objective:To assess the value of Transcranial Two Dimensional Color Doppler Ultrasound(TC-2D-CDUS) in diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis and in follow-up study after surgical treatment.Methods: Thirteen patients with carotid artery stenosis, who were excluded from vertebral or intracranial diseases, were detected before and after operation with TC-2D-CDUS. Results: TC-2D-CDUS indicated that 2 patients' image were not satisfactory, and the blood velocity of middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the same side of lesion was lowered to different extents in the other 11 patients. The waveform was blunted in 3 patients with their systolic peak disappeared, acceleration time prolonged, and the direction of the anterior cerebral artery(ACA) in the same side inverted.After operation,TC-2D-CDUS indicated that MCA blood velocity and the direction of ACA were normal. The blood distribution was symmetric in bilateral brains. Conclusion: TC-2D-CDUS can provide intracranial hemodynamic information. It can be used in the follow-up study after operation,helping to make accurate judgement and discover complications.

Totally 126 patients with malignant breast tumors diagnosed with ultrasound were followed up.The ultrasonic image characters were analyzed and compared with the pathologic outcomes. Ultrasound had a 92.1%(116/126) veracity in the diagnosis of malignant breast tumor,which were characterized by strong echo in the border of the tumors and halo (72.2%, 91/126).There were differences in ultrasonic images of malignant breast tumors with different pathologic types. Ultrasound can determine the character of most breast tumors.

Objective To assess left ventricular(LV) regional and global systolic function of patients with coronary artery disease using strain parameter of velocity vector imaging(VVI) technique in quiescent condition. Methods Thirty patients with coronary artery disease and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The two-dimensional gray scale images were obtained in apical 4-chamber view,apical 2-chamber view and long axis view of left ventricle, and three levels of the short axis views(mitral valve, papillary muscle and cardiac apex). The LV wall was divided according to 18 segment model and the longitudinal,radial and circumferential systolic strain (SL, SR, SC) of each segment were analyzed. The difference between the epicardial and endocardial strain measurement were defined as strain gradient and the average of each strain component as global systolic strain. The correlation between global systolic strain of each strain component and the LV ejection fraction(LVEF) were analysed. Results Group A (coronary stenostic degree≤70%) included 176 segments, compared with control group, LS and LS gradient (LSG) decreased significantly from control group( P ＜0.05), while there was no significant difference in CS, RS and CS gradient (CSG) ( P ＞ 0.05). Group B ( coronary stenostic degree＞ 70% ) included 132 segments, compared with control group, LS, CS and RS decreased significantly in group B ( P ＜ 0.05), while there was no significantly difference in LSG and CSG( P ＞0.05). There were also significant difference in LS, RS,CS and LSG between group A and B( P ＜0.05). Global systolic strain of each strain component shown significant correlation with LVEF (P ＜ 0.0001 ). And the global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) correlated with LVEF most tightly. Conclusions Strain parameter of VVI technique could not only accurately analyze the LV systolic dysfunction but also reflect the stenostic degree of coronary artery. GLS could be a new index for LV systolic function assessment in patients with coronary artery disease.

Objective To investigate the value of Doppl er tissue imaging (DTI) in detecting chronic ischemic myocardium before and after gene transfer. Methods An Ameroid constrictor was placed around the left circumflex artery of each open-chest pig. After 4 weeks, groupⅠandⅡwere intramyocardially administrated recombinant adenovirus coding for the vascular endothelial growth factors(Ad.VEGF-B) or phosphate buffer(PB). After 4 weeks, their hearts were removed for pathological investigation. Color M-mode, two-dimensional and spectrum DTI of lateral-posterior wall before operation, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after Ameroid placement, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after administration were studied. Results Color of normal myocardium was bright, filling and distinct stratified, and of ischemic myocardium faint, local lost and cloudy stratified. After gene transfer, color filling became better and stratification distinct. Normal V S of apical four chamber view (AP-4CV) was greater than that of left ventricular papillary muscle level short axis view (LVPM-SAM)(P

Objective To analyse the mitral annular abnormal motion in patients with myocardial infarction by using M-mode and freguency spectrum Doppler tissue imaging (DTI-M), and study its clinical value in assessing the LV function. Methods The total systolic annular displacement (MD), early diastolic displacement (MDe), late diastolic displacement (MDa) of posterier valve of mitral annular, systolic and diastolic motion velocilies (V S,V E,V A), time velocity integrals (TV IS,TV IE,TV IA) of the lateral wall of the mitral annulus were determined with DTI-M mode and freguency spectrum from apical four-chamber view in 28 cases of patients with myocardial infarction. Results The MD, MDe, MDe/MDa in patients with myocardial infarction were found to be decreased significantly (P