Objective To investigate the current human resources and continuing education of clinical laboratories in Ningxia's hospitals and identify problems to resolve.Methods A questionnaire survey was made to study the current human resources in clinical laboratories of hospitals in Ningxia,and the data obtained were analyzed.Results There were 676 laboratory staff employed in 75 clinical 5.1.In terms of education,the ratio their titles ranging from postgraduate,graduate,college Differences in their continuing education are significant statistically.Conclusion Imbalance is found in the distribution of academic titles,education and age groups in such clinical laboratories,with a shortage of those of high academic title and education,and great gaps in continuing education.

Objective To assess left ventricular(LV) regional and global systolic function of patients with coronary artery disease using strain parameter of velocity vector imaging(VVI) technique in quiescent condition. Methods Thirty patients with coronary artery disease and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The two-dimensional gray scale images were obtained in apical 4-chamber view,apical 2-chamber view and long axis view of left ventricle, and three levels of the short axis views(mitral valve, papillary muscle and cardiac apex). The LV wall was divided according to 18 segment model and the longitudinal,radial and circumferential systolic strain (SL, SR, SC) of each segment were analyzed. The difference between the epicardial and endocardial strain measurement were defined as strain gradient and the average of each strain component as global systolic strain. The correlation between global systolic strain of each strain component and the LV ejection fraction(LVEF) were analysed. Results Group A (coronary stenostic degree≤70%) included 176 segments, compared with control group, LS and LS gradient (LSG) decreased significantly from control group( P ＜0.05), while there was no significant difference in CS, RS and CS gradient (CSG) ( P ＞ 0.05). Group B ( coronary stenostic degree＞ 70% ) included 132 segments, compared with control group, LS, CS and RS decreased significantly in group B ( P ＜ 0.05), while there was no significantly difference in LSG and CSG( P ＞0.05). There were also significant difference in LS, RS,CS and LSG between group A and B( P ＜0.05). Global systolic strain of each strain component shown significant correlation with LVEF (P ＜ 0.0001 ). And the global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) correlated with LVEF most tightly. Conclusions Strain parameter of VVI technique could not only accurately analyze the LV systolic dysfunction but also reflect the stenostic degree of coronary artery. GLS could be a new index for LV systolic function assessment in patients with coronary artery disease.

Totally 126 patients with malignant breast tumors diagnosed with ultrasound were followed up.The ultrasonic image characters were analyzed and compared with the pathologic outcomes. Ultrasound had a 92.1%(116/126) veracity in the diagnosis of malignant breast tumor,which were characterized by strong echo in the border of the tumors and halo (72.2%, 91/126).There were differences in ultrasonic images of malignant breast tumors with different pathologic types. Ultrasound can determine the character of most breast tumors.

Objective To summarize our experience in the management of calculous atrophic cholecystitis by laparoscopic choleycystectomy(LC). Methods 56 cases of calculous atrophic cholecystitis treated by LC from 1997 to 2000 were analyzed retrospectively. Results 52 cases treated by LC including antergrade resection in 39 ones, retrograde resection in 13 ones were successfully completed. 4 patients were converted to open cholecystectomy, 3 of whom underwent choledochotomy and T-tube drainage. There was abdominal cavity drainage in 8 cases. 56 patients were an cured. Bile leakage occurred in 2 cases, and the patients were cured by conservative treatment. Conclusions It's key point to perform LC successfully for patients with calculous atrophic cholecystitis by getting well known of the junction site of ampulla and cystic duct, selecting indications of LC strictly, converting to open operation as necessary and putting preventive drainage- tube.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of treatment for chronic pancreatitis and mass in the head of the pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 19 patients with chronic pancreatitis with mass in the head of the pancreas who were admitted to the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University from May 2008 to May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,including 2 patients with gallstone.Methods of treatment were selected by in traoperative pathological results.All the patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview till January 2014.Results The operations of the 19 patients were successfully done,including 11 with pancreaticoduodenectomy,5 with exploratory laparotomy and 3 with the laparoscopic cholecystectomy and choledochojejunostomy.The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were (249± 140)minutes (50-390 minutes) and (320 ± 260)mL (50-900 mL).The postoperative mean time of recovery of gastrointestinal function and duration of postoperative hospital stay were 3.0 days (2.0-6.0 days) and 22.6 days (8.0-30.0 days) after the operation.The mean casein-IgG4 of 12 patients was higher (2.64 g/L) after operation.Five patients with operation-related complication were cured after symptomatic treatment,among 2 patients with leakage of the pancreatic fluid,2 with operative incision fat necrosis and liquefaction and 1 with bile leakage.No patients died perioperatively.Nineteen patients were followed up for 11.0 months to 36.0 months with the median time of 28.2 months.The pancreatic head mass of 8 patients with non-pancreaticoduodenectomy were reduced or disappeared by a computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) rescan,who were treated by the oral prednisone.No complications were detected in the other 11 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy.Conclusion Method of surgery or medicine treatment for atypical mass in the head of the pancreas is selected according to the pathology results by effective communication with patients and family members,exploratory laparotomy and interpretative aspiration biopsy.

Objective:To explore the possible role and clinical significance of Th1 and Th2 class cytokines in the pathogenesis of re-current aphthous ulcer (RAU).Methods:35 cases with RAU,25 of minor RAU(MiRAU)and 1 0 of major RAU(MaRAU),were enrolled and 24 healthy subjects served as the controls.The expression levels of Th1 type cytokines (IFN-γ,TNF-α,IL-2)and Th2 type cytokines (IL-4,IL-6,IL-1 0)in the serum of peripheral blood were investigated by flow cytometry CBA methods and their rela-tionship with the clinical features of RAU was analyzed by SPSS 1 1 .5.Results:The expression level of IL-4 and IL-1 0 in MiRAU group was higher than that in the controls(P <0.05),and the expression level of IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-1 0 in MaRAU group was higher than that in the controls(P <0.05).The expression level of IFN-γand IL-1 0 in MaRAU was higher than that in MiRAU.There was a positive correlation between the levels of IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-1 0 and the severity of RAU.Conclusion:Predominant Th2 immune re-sponse plays a role in RAU,and the level of IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-1 0 is correlated with the severity of RAU.

Objective To understand the level of resilience and quality of life of burn patients during convalescence,to provide theoretical guidance for burn patients' psychological crisis prevention and intervention.Methods 255 cases of burn patients during convalescence were interviewed with general status questionnaire,CD-RISC,and burn specific health scale(BSHS).Results The resilience score of burn patients was at the middle level,the level of quality of life was at the lower-middle-level,significant positive correlation was found between the level of resilience and quality of life.Resilience level had a greater impact on the level of mental health in burn patients.The factors of physical strength and tenacity of resilience scale were positively correlated with mental health.Conclusions Intervention should be given to help people improve resilience,in order to reach the effect of potential development and prevention of behavior dysfunction,so that help them engender positive psychological adjustment.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the coronary atherosclerosis and endothelium function or lipidoxidative function. Methods:All subjects underwent selective coronary angiography.Their age,sex,body mass index,smoking status,blood pressure,plasma and serum of levels of glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,high density lipoproteins,non-hingh density lipoproteins,oxidized LDL,endothelin(ET)and nitric oxide(NO)were measured. Results: Subjects were divided into two groups,according to coronary lesion(50 cases),and non-coronary lesion(25 cases).The plasma levels of OxLDL〔(65.31?9.87)mmol vs(46.95?7.74)mmol/L〕and ET 〔(91.92?8.50)ng/L) vs (82.81?7.37)ng/L〕 were higher in group with coronary lesion than those of group with non-coronary lesion (P

【Objective】 Selenium (Se) contents of some chemical forms as total Se,inorganic Se,organic Se and selenomethionine (SeMet) in rice e nriched-Se were determined, in order to provide scientific basis for applying r ice enriched-Se to cancer prevention. 【Methods】 Fluorometric determination wi th 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (2,3-DAN) for total Se, inorganic Se and organic Se, and with CNBr-2,3-DAN for SeMet. 【Results】 Total Se contents of rice enrich ed-Se reaping in summer and autumn were (2.71±0.97) μg/g, (9.87±1.18 ) μg/g, respectively, both higher than that of ordinary rice (P<0.001); the organic Se occupying over 99% of total Se were 2.68, 9.77 μg/g, respectively . Main component of the organic Se was SeMet, and its Se content (Se-SeMet) was (1.45±0.67) μg/g for rice enriched-Se reaping in summer, (4.96±0.98) μ g/g in autumn,and their contents/total Se contents were 53.5, 50.5 %, respecti vely. 【Conclusions】 Most part of Se in rice enriched-Se was natural organic Se and main component of the organic Se was SeMet.