OBJECTIVE To investigate the usage of antibiotics in surgical department of Chest surgery in PLA General Hospital.METHODS The antibiotics usage status among 412 cases of patients during perioperative period was retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The utilization of antibacterials took up to 100.00%.The average of treatment course was13.89 days,Aminoglycosides,cephalosporin and penicillins was the main kinds,single use accounted for 28.64%,the bigeminy for 35.93%,and trigeminy for 30.58%,the utilization with four or more kinds of drugs were 4.85%.The rational usage and irrational usage accounted for 64.57% and 35.43% respectively.CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should strengthen the management of antibiotics in perioperative period for rational use.

Objective To investigate the effect of risperidone on S100B protein and its intervention on the relapse of heroin addicts. Methods From January 2014 to March 2014, 70 cases heroin addicts in the second detection center in Xining were selected as objects, three patients dropped out, and the left were randomly divided into control group(n=33) and experimental group(n=34) , which were given detoxification for 10 days, rehabilitation for 5 days, while the experimental group were given risperidone intervention.The condition of craving degree for heroin, relapse and incidence of adverse reactions between two groups were compared.Serum S100B protein levels were detected by ELISA.The efficacy of risperidone was analyzed.Results The craving degree for heroin between two groups was of no significant differences, after drug treatment, the craving degree for heroin of experimental group were significantly lower than those of control group at the time-point of hospital discharge, 1 months after discharging and 3 months after discharging(P=0.013, P =0.008, P =0.005).The differences of relapse condition between two groups in 3 months after discharging were statistically significant (P=0.003), the relapse incidence of experimental group(11.8%) was significant lower than that of control group(54.5%). Besides, the differences of relapse condition among different craving degree groups were statistically significant in two groups respectively(P=0.005, P=0.008).Serum S100B protein levels of experimental group , in different periods were lower than those of control group, with statistical significance ( P<0.05); There were 5 cases of insomnia, 3 cases of headache, 3 cases of thirsty, 2 cases of mild extrapyramidal symptoms in test group, but all above were mild and relieved on their own after withdrawal, no similar symptoms were observed in control group.Conclusion Risperidone intervention is a safe and effective method to prevent heroin addicts from relapsing, it maybe with the mechanism of reducing the levels of serum S100B protein, but it needs further research and efforts to put it in clinical applications of herion addiction treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) on functions of vascular endothelium in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). METHODS: Fifty patients with UAP were randomly divided into two groups: XFZYD-treated group with 32 cases and control group with 18 cases. The patients in the control group were given regular therapy, while the patients in the XFZYD-treated group were given XFZYD additionally on the basis of regular therapy. All patients in both groups were treated for 8 weeks. Then the contents of serum endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), soluble vascular cell adhesive molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were examined by radioimmunoassay, enzymic method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. RESULTS: The total response rate in the XFZYD-treated group was 93.75%, which was significantly higher than 66.67% in the control group (P<0.05). The contents of serum ET, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the XFZYD-treated group were much lower than those in the control group (P<0.01), while the content of serum NO was obviously higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: XFZYD can improve the functions of vascular endothelium by lowering the levels of endothelium-derived contracting substances, enhancing the levels of endothelium-derived relaxing substances, and reducing the cell adhesions, and hence to raise the therapeutic effects on UAP.

Objective To investigate the potential effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) on prevention and treatment of neonatal mice infected with human rotavirus (HRV). Methods Sixty 4-day-old kunming mice were randomly divided into control group. HRV infected group, L. acidophilus pretreated group (treated before HRV infection ) and L. acidophilus treated group(treated after HRV infection). The manifestation and pathological changes in small intestine of neonatal mice were observed. The HRV antigen in the feces and intestines were measured by ELISA and fluorescent-focus assay, respectively. Results The severity and duration of diarrhea as well as mortality in L. acidophilus pretreated group and treated group were lower than those in HRV infected group. The duration of HRV-antigens shedding following infection was considerably prolonged in HRV infected group compared to that in L. acidophilus pretreated group and treated group. Furthermore, decreased expression of HRV antigen and little pathological changes in intestinal mucosa were found in L. acidophilus pretreated group and treated group when compared with HRV infected group. Conclusion L. acidophilus may be used as an alternative approach for the prevention and treatment of neonatal mice infected with HRV.

Objective:To develop and evaluate the Cancer Dangerous Factor and Aura Manifestation List(CDFAML).Methods:A self-report questionnaire was developed.A total of 639 cancer patients were asked to complete the questionnaire and evaluate the importance of each item.And 129 relatives and 103 doctors and nurses were also asked to evaluate the importance of each item.706 healthy people whose demographics were similar to the patients were asked to complete the list.Results:①CDFAML was finally refined as a list with 19-item;the 4 dimensions including somatic,psychological,social factor and life habits.②The list had good construct validity and could well reflect the dangerous factor and aura manifestation of the onset of cancer.The 4 dimensions and the total score of the patients were significantly different from healthy people's scores.③ The test-retest coefficients for the 4 dimensions and the total score were 0.82,0.76,0.80,0.77 and 0.83 respectively;Cronbach ? was 0.76,0.79,0.83,0.80 and 0.86 respectively.The split-half reliability of the questionnaire was 0.90.Conclusion:CDFAML has high validity,reliability.

OBJECTIVE:To analyse the correlation between cyclosporine A(CsA)and the biochemical indicator of renal transplantation patients.METHODS:The patients were divided into6groups according to the different time length after renal transplatataion:0y～1y,1y～2y,2y～3y,3y～4y,4y～5y and above5y;the blood samples were taken12h after oral administra?tion of CsA,the of concentration CsA in blood of each group was determined and the biochemical tests of which were taken;post-operation medication and the correlation between the blood biochemical index were statistically analyzed by Stata soft?ware.RESULTS:The dosage of CsA decreased gradually from group1to group6,and the concentration of CsA also de?creased.And the data of BUN in group1,5and6were higher than the upper limit of their standard data,the data of triglyc?eride(TG)in group1,2,3,5and6were higher than the upper limit of their stand data;there were significant differences in the data of TP、ALB、TB、DB、Ua、TC、TG、?-GT among the6groups,while the data of ALP、ALT、AST、Glu、BUN、Cr among the6groups have no notable difference.CONCLUSION:The administration of CsA after renal transplantation can change bio?chemical indicator in patients.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9 and invasion of gallbladder carcinoma.Method Seventeen specimens of gallbladder carcinoma,9 cases of gallbladder adenoma and 9 cases of chronic cholecystis were assessed by using immunohistochemical method(S-P method).Results There were no significant difference in MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions between gallbladder carcinoma and adenoma,but they were significantly higher than that of chronic cholecystis.The expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 had no correlation with the histological differentiation or Nevin staging.Conclusion MMP-2 and MMP-9 may play an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis in gallbladder carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the differential diagnosis of Reye syndrome and the characteristics of primary carnitine deficiency,and to provide diagnostic strategy for similar cases.Methods There was a case presented with fever,poor response,convulsions and hepatomegaly hospitalized in Wuhan Children's Hospital,and the clinical manifestations were described,the physical examination was comprehensively conducted,the auxiliary examination results were recorded,some pediatric specialists from ICU,neurology department,genetic metabolic department,digestive system department were invited to discuss the case.The treatment was adjusted according to the suggested opinions;the treatment effects and the final diagnosis were tracked.Results The primary diagnosis of the case was central nervous system infection or toxic encephalopathy at the time of admission,but Reye syndrome could not be excluded.Although the cerebrospinal fluid test and brain MRI examination detected nothing abnormal,liver function suggested alanine aminotrans ferase ALT increase,blood sugar decrease,the liver volume increase,which was detected by liver ultrasound.Blood amino acids examination revealed the carnitine level decreased,and it was confirmed as primary carnitine deficiency in the end.L-carnitine was used to treat the disease,and its effect was good.Conclusions Great importance should be attached to children with onset age,physical check-up,and multidisciplinary cooperation.Use monism to explain the illness and the auxiliary inspection as far as possible,so that it can get early diagnosis and treatment,and the outcome is good.

objective To detect CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA in blood of the peripheral vein and to investigate the effect of ligating pulmonary vein firstly or ligating pulmonary artery firstly during surgical operation on haematogenous dissemination of malignant cells.Methods Fifty six non-small cell lung cancer patients were collected and random assigned to two groups before operation (ligating pulmonary vein firstly or ligating pulmonary artery firstly).The patients were accepted radical operation and their operations were put in practice by doctors of one team.Vein blood was collected one day before operation and one week after operation.CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA in blood were detected by nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Result The positive rate of expression of CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA after operation is lower than that before operation.The positive rate of expression of CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA in ligating pulmonary vein firstly after operation is lower than that in the other group. Conclusions Surgical operation have effects on the dissemination of malignant cell and ligating palmonary vein firstly during operation can reduce the dissemination of malignant cell.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of MRI diffusion weighted imaging in localization of prostate cancer with whole-mount step section pathology.MethodsWe treated 36 patients using laparoscopic radical prostatectomy from Oct. 2009 to Jun. 2010. Patients who did not have an MRI/DWI examination or a surgical history of prostate and previous hormonal therapy were excluded, leaving 19 patients in our study. We analyzed the MRI and DWI collected before radical prostetectomy surgey and the post-surgery step section pathology made by the whole mount technique. The prostatic gland was divided into six sections. Two doctors read the MRI/DWI without knowing the patients' information and scored, using a 5 point scale, for each section. The tissue was graded according to the following scale: 1-definitely no cancer, 2-probably no cancer, 3-possible cancer, 4-probable cancer and 5-definite cancer. When the average score ≥4 the region was assumed to be the prostate cancer region by MRI or MRI/DWI.ResultsIn 19 patients with 114 regions, there were 48 (42％) prostate cancer regions approved by whole-mount step section pathologically.The number of prostate cancer regions was 15 (39％), 21 (55％) and 12 (32％) in base, mid and apex parts respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the MRI was 62.5％ and 69.7％. When considering DWI, the specificity and sensitivity was elevated to 79.1％ and 83.3％. As for the apex and mid parts, the sensitivities of MRI were a little bit low (46.7％ and 66.7％ ). But the sensitivities of localization of prostate cancer for the apex and mid of prostate were elevate to 73.3％ and 85.7％ respectively when DWI was also used.ConclusionsWith whole-mount step-section pathology, the combination of MRI and DWI can improve the sensitivity of MRI for localized diagnosis in prostate cancer, especially in apex and mid parts of the prostate.