Objective To study the protein expression and gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(Her-2)in adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction and its association with the clinicopathological features .Methods Immunohistochemical method and fluorescence in situ hybridization ( FISH) were used to detect Her -2 expression and gene amplification in 80 surgically resected gastroesophageal junction cancer tissue .We further analyzed the relationship between the gastroesophageal junction cancer histolog -ical differentiation ,as well as depth of invasion ,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis .Results Her-2 am-plification of gastroesophageal junction carcinoma by FISH was 22.5%,while the overexpression by IHC was 15%.Her-2 gene amplification and protein overexpression were correlated with the differentiation ,clinical TNM stage,invasive depth and lymph node metastasis of the carcinoma (all P<0.05).Her-2 expression was not asso-ciated with the patients age,gender,invasive depth and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).Conclusion Her -2 protein expression and gene amplification may be a prognostic indicator for the patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer .The joint detection of Her -2 protein expression level and the gene amplification can guide the prognosis and therapy for adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction .

ObjectiveTo investigate the ultrasonic clinical value of scalpel in abdominal surgery for D2 radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.MethodsA retrospective analysis was made in Zhengzhou University Affiliated Luoyang Central Hospital from September 2008 to September 2010 gastric group.The patients were divided into ultrasound knife group and normal operative in 136,including 75 cases using ultrasonic scalpel,61 using cases electric knife.The lymph node dissection time,intraoperative blood loss,the drainage 72 h after were compared between the two groups.Results The average operation time ultrasound knife group was ( 114 ± 35 ) min,the surgery blood loss was ( 110.4 ± 32) mL.The drainage 72 h after operation was (180 ± 24) mL,which were significantly reduced compared with the normal operative group.The difference in detection rate between the two groups was not statric cancer can improve efficiency,reduce trauma,accelerate postoperative recovery,showing good application prospect in radical resection of gastri cancer.ConclusionsUltrasound knife used in D2 radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer can improve efficiency,reduce trauma,accelerate postoperative recovery,showing good application prospect in radical resection of gastric cancer.

Objective To study the macrophage immune response after the percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) under the ultrasound guide. Methods Eighty-nine cases of primary hepatic carcinoma patients were treated by PMCT. At the time of the fourth week after PMCT and before PMCT, the patients were given percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guide. And the samples were stained by immunohistochemical methods. Then the infiltration of macrophage on local treatment areas were compared before and after the treatment. Moreover the function of immunocytes were observed by electronic microscope. Results The infiltration of macrophage increased significantly in post-PMCT as compared with that in pre-PMCT. And there were more protuberance from the macrophage and much more lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium observed by electronic microscope. Conclusion The local macrophage cellular immunity can be more improved after the primary hepatic carcinoma treated by PMCT.

Background and purpose:Tumour cell is recognized and rejected by immunocytes.The local infiltration of immunocytes and the clinical curative effect after the percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy(PMCT) is worthy of further study.We investigated the local immune response after PMCT under ultrasound guidance and evaluated if the local immune response had any influence on the prognosis of patients.Methods:89 cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated by PMCT.At the time of the fourth week after PMCT and before PMCT,the patients were given percutaneous biopsy under ultrasound guidance.And the samples were stained by immunohistochemical methods.Then the infiltration of CD4+、CD57+ and CD68+ of local treatment areas were compared before and after the treatment of PMCT.Meanwhile,the patients underwent follow-up to survey the possibility of recrudescence.Moreover,the authors analyzed the relation between the infiltration of immunocytes and recrudescence.Results:A few CD4、CD57 and CD68 positive cells were observed in the cancer stoma and tissues surroundings the liver before PMCT.After PMCT,the immunocytes of CD4、CD57 and CD68 positive cells were significantly increased both in the cancer and the adjacent liver tissue.These immunocytes were enlarged in size.The infiltration of CD4+、CD57+ and CD68+ increased significantly in post-PMCT as compared with those of pre-PMCT(P

Objective To observe the X-ray appearance and clinical value of galactography.Methods 600 cases of galactorrhea confirmed by pathologly underwent galactography,among them,298 cases were blood type(49.8%),150 cases were serum type(25%),106 were rinsing type(17.7%) and others were 46 cases(7.7%).Results On galactography,the ductsl were divided into 3 groups: 345 cases were foliar type(59%),127 were ramate type(26.2%),87 were trunk type(14.8%).The main radiographic characteristics of lesions were mammary ductal ectasia in 578(96.3%),ductal distortion in 561(93.5%),irregular filling defect in ducts in 349(58.2%),and ductal damage in 39(6.5%).42 cases were breast carcinomas(7%),312 were intraductal papillary tumors(52%),129 were mammary ductal ectasia(21.5%),26 were mammary ductal mastitis(4.3%),49 were proliferous disease(8.2%),25 were mammary cyst(4.2%),17 were negative anamnesis(2.8%).Conclusion Galactography is beneficial in diagnosis of the pathogenesis of galactorrhea.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of CEA, CA19-9, CA242 and CA72-4 four serum tumor markers in colorectal cancer diagnosis, surgery and postoperative evaluation of their. Methods Immunohistochemical assay was used in 80 patients with colorectal cancer and 50 cases of colorectal benign diseases to detect the CEA, CA19-9, CA242 and CA72-4 and other four serum tumor markers, with 2-year follow- up. ResultsFour kinds of serum tumor markers CEA, CA19-9, CA242 and CA72-4 levels in colorectal cancer group were significantly higher than the control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; levels of the four serum tumor markers in patients in Dukes stages C, D were significantly higher than those in Dukes stages A, B;four serum tumor markers were significantly increased in patients with recurrence of metastasis. Conclusion Combined detection of serum CEA, CA19-9, CA242 and CA72-4 has clinical value in diagnosis, surgical treatment evaluation and monitoring of metastasis and recurrence after surgery of colorectal cancer can improve detection sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To investigate the synergistic effects of simulated microgravity and noise on the audito‐ry functions and corti organs in rats .Methods A total of 48 healthy rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12):control group (Group A) ,microgravity only group (Group B) ,noise only group (Group C) and microgravity+noise group (Group D) .The microgravity environment was simulated by suspending the posterior limb using Morey-Holton method .The noise exposure was the simulation of the noise environment in spaceship including steady -state noise (72 ± 2) dB SPL and impulse noise up to 160 dB SPL .The control group was kept in normal conditions without any exposure .Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) ,HE stainings ,immunofluorescence stainings and scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) were tested after 1week and 2 weeks exposure respectively (n=6) .Results The average of ABR threshold shifts of 2 weeks exposure were higher than those of 1 week in each group .Group D showed the highest ABRs (P<0 .01) .The HE stainings showed different degrees of injury in corti organs in all experimental groups ;which Group D being the most serious ,followed by Group C .The results of immunefluorescence in hair cells showed that swelling necrosis was the main damage of cochlear hair cell after 1 week's exposure .The swelling rate of Group D was the highest ,followed by Group C .Nucleus missing in hair cells was observed after 2 weeks'exposure . Group D had the highest missing rate and the main missing of Group B happened in the inner hair cells .SEM showed that the most serious damage of stereociliums in Group D ,followed by Group C ,then Group B .Conclusion The synergistic effects of simulated microgravity and noise lead to significant damage of the auditory function and cochlea Corti organs in rat .

BACKGROUND:The cell-sheet technology, based on a temperature-responsive culture, has been drawing more and more attention;however, the temperature-responsive culture dish is quite expensive. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a substitutive technique.OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of cell-sheet ulturing using common culture dish, and investigate the chondrogenesis of the cell sheet. METHODS: A piece of nasal septal cartilage was adopted from a patient with deviation of nasal septum to extract primary chondrocytes that were then cultured and amplified. The passage 3 chondrocytes were used to construct ell sheets. Monolayer cell sheet was formed by intensive culturing and allowing the extracellular matrix secretion. Bilayer cell sheet was constructed by seeding passage 2 chondrocytes on the monolayer cell sheet. The cell sheets were harvested using cell scraper, their properties were investigated prior to plantation into nude mice to construct the tissue-engineered cartilage. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both bilayer and monolayer cell sheets with soft tremellose structures showed no significant difference through naked eyes. The newly harvested cell sheets appeared to have good fluidity and gelation. Eight weeks after mplantation into the nude mice, mature cartilage blocks were obtained. Histologically, the cell sheets were thin films composed by layered chondrocytes and extracellular matrix. Glycosaminoglycan formation and type Ⅱ collagen expressions were observed in the cell sheets cultured in vitro. The explanted samples exhibited ature cartilaginous tissue at 8 weeks after implantation. Biochemical analysis showed that the DNA contents of the neocartilages were higher than those of native human costal cartilage, while the contents of glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline were similar to native human nasal septal cartilage. To conclude, the hondrocyte cell sheets are likely to be constructed and harvested successfully using common culture dish, and the cell sheets exhibit favourable chondrogenesis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of simulated noise-weightlessness combined factors on auditory brainstem response thresholds and the cochlear structure after a medium-long term (2-8 weeks). METHODS Healthy adult rats were randomly divided into male/female experimental and control groups. The male and female experimental groups were exposed to simulated noise-weightlessness environment and exerted impulse noise exposure at the end. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold was recorded at the beginning, the 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks and after impulse noise exposure exerting. The cochlea was also examined by scanning electron microscopy each time after ABR threshold record. RESULTS ABR thresholds in experimental groups after impulse noise exposure were significantly increased (P<0.05). Female experimental group were lower than those of the male experimental group at 2 and 4 weeks (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscope observation showed that the inner and outer hair cell were losing and lodging, and the longer exposed to the compound factors, the heavier pathological changes observed on the cochlear hair cell. CONCLUSION Noise-weightlessness combined factors can cause the morphology and function damage of rat cochlear in medium-long term. The damage of impulse noise was more than steady noise on rat auditory function. Sex differences was also observed. Rat cochlear hair cell pathological changes increased with the exposed time.

Objective]To study the feasibility of Cartilage engineering using fibrin gel and chondrocyte cell sheets.[Methods]rabbit auricular chondrocytes were isolated and cultured to form cell sheets in flasks. The cell sheets were harvested using cell scrapers,and cut into fragments. The two precursor solutions of Fibrin gel were used to suspend the cell sheet fragments and isolated chondrocytes,and then added into the wells of a 48-well plate to form Gelatinous chondroid disc constructs. After in vitro culture, the constructs were implanted into nude mice. After 8 weeks,the constructs were harvested,and the specimens were evaluated using grossly observing, histological and immunohistochemical observation. [Results]Mature cartilage discs were obtained. The histomorphology of the explanted discs appeared non-uniform cartilaginous tissue comprise of regenerated cartilage islands with different size and irregular shape. Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that type II collagen highly expressed in the ECM of the cartilage islands. In 1 of the 8 discs,partial ossification was observed.[Conclusion]Fibrin gel is a favourable carrier. Artificial cartilage with stereochemical structure was constructed via combining the fibrin gel and chondrocyte cell sheets.