About 30％ ～ 40％ of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients belong to limited disease (LD).In the setting of limited-disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC),the combination of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) with chemotherapy is the standard treatment for LD-SCLC with improved survival and local control.It is proven that prophylactic cranial irradiation can improve the prognosis of patients with SCLC.Radiotherapy should join in the early chemotherapy and individualized formulate appropriate target volume.Radiation schemes of conventional fractionation or hyperfractionation way are recommended.

In recent years,assisted reproductive technology(ART)is developing rapidly,especially in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)technology.The rate of clinical pregnancy in our country is about 40％,and how to improve the rate of clinical pregnancy of IVF-ET has been the focus of the scholars research content.Environmental factors including culture system,temperature,humidity,pH value and volatile organic compounds,all of these can affect the success of IVF-ET.Now the common environmental factors affecting IVF-ET research progress were reviewed as follows.

Medicinal plants of the Fructus Amomi containing three species (A momum villosum, A momum longiligu-lare, Amomum villosum var. xanthioides)are well-known, which are widely used as traditional medicines. The mor-phological characteristics of the three origins are very similar, especially in the form of seed. In this study, 60 sam-ples of Fructus Amomi were co llected, and 34 sequences of the Fructus Amomi and their adulterants from GenBank were analyzed. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. All the ITS2 sequences here (including our ex-periments and GenBank data)were examined for SNPs at the interspecies level. Results from the study revealed that two stable bases at position 135 bp and 199 bp were found, which could be used as a unique marker to distinguish the three origins of Fructus Amomi. The two SNPs in the ITS2 were found to exist stably between the three species, and all the GenBank sequences of the Fructus Amomi. Our findings indicated that SNP-based DNA barcoding could be used as an efficient method for the rapid and accurate identification of the three origins of Fructus Amomi.

In order to verify the sstability and accuracy of DNA barcode technique, we chose Rosa laevigata Michx as study object. Genomic DNAs of 10 samples were extracted by modified CTAB method. ITS2 sequences were obtained by direct PCR sequencing; the other 6 sequences were obtained from GenBank. The sequences were assembled using the CodonCode Aligner. All of the 16 ITS2 sequences were aligned through Clustal-W and the genetic distances were computed using MEGA 5.0 in accordance with the Kimura 2-parameter (K-2-P) model. Results indicated that the lengths of ITS2 regions of R. laevigata ranged from 219 to 221 bp with two Poly C structure in it. The intra-specific genetic distances were smaller than inter-specific ones in ITS2 regions of R. laevigata. The NJ tree showed that R. laevigata and adulterants were divided into two clades, with 99%bootstrap value, showing good monophyly. So, ITS2 was considered a good marker to identify R. laevigata and its adulterants.

Objective To report the clinical effect of repair of significant tongue defect after tongue cancer radical resection using anterolateral thigh perforator free flap with CTA three-dimensional reconstruction technique assistance.Methods From January,2012 to November,2015,13 cases were performed using anterolateral thigh perforator free flap in the repair of significant tongue defect after tongue cancer radical resection.Preoperation CT scan of the free flap donor site was done to obtain the three-dimensional images of arterial blood area by Digital Three-dimensional Reconstruction CT Technique to determine the origin of the anterolateral thigh flaps,direction,classification,length,diameter and the position of pedicle perforator.According to the condition of the defect of the tongue,flap of area from10 cm×9 cm to 8 cm×6 cm was design,the flap arteries and veins were anastomosed with the external maxillary artery or the superior thyroid artery,anterior vein,internal jugular vein or external jugular vein respectively.The shape and recovery of function of the reconstructed tongue were observed regularly after operation.Results All the flaps in the 13 cases survived,in the postoperative 4 to 18 months followed up,the appearance of the reconstructed tongue was close to the normal one,the patients were satisfied with the mastication and feeding function.Conclusion CTA three-dimensional reconstruction technique assisted anterolateral thigh perforator free flap technique is useful in obtaining good clinical effect,and it is one of the most best methods for repairing significant tongue defect after tongue cancer radical resection.

Objective To compare the dissolution of Chuangxiong powder in different medium and discuss the dissolution characteristics in vitro of Changxiong powder. Methods The paddle method was adopted, the UV spectrophotometric method was developed to determine the in vitro dissolution quantity of Changxiong powder in five medium (water, 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid, acetate buffer of pH 4.5, phosphate buffer of pH 6.8, phosphate buffer of pH 7.4) with ferulic acid as index, and evaluated by drawing the dissolution curve and using the similar factor method and Weibull model. Results The dissolution quantity of Changxiong oral powder in five medium was different. The dissolution quantity in water, 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid, acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 was similar and fit Weibull model, but it mutated in phosphate buffer of pH 7.4 and reached the maximum amount at 30 min. Conclusion The dissolution quantity of Changxiong powder is gradually increasing and the time is shorted in the medium from acidic to neutral then to alkaline. Dissolution curve is similar in the acidic and neutral medium. Changxiong powder dissolves out fast and completely in the alkaline medium.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of the furin inhibitor α1-PDX on the growth, invasion, and tumorigenicity of cervical cancer cells and explore the mechanisms.

METHODSThe changes in the growth, migration and invasion of α1-PDX-transfected HeLa cells were observed using MTT assay, Boyden migration and invasion assay. The protein levels of furin and MT1-MMP were measured using Western blotting and furin activity was detected by enzyme activity assay in the transfected cells. HeLa cells were seeded subcutaneously in nude mice and the tumor volume changes were recorded.

RESULTSCompared with the control cells, α1-PDX-treated cells showed a significant growth inhibition by 18.4% at 24 h (P<0.01) with obviously lowered migration ability and cell invasiveness (P<0.01). Treatment with α1-PDX significantly reduced furin enzyme activity and MTI-MMP protein levels in HeLa cells. In nude mice, α1-PDX-treated HeLa cells exhibited a delayed and lowered tumorigenicity with reduced size of the tumors.

CONCLUSIONα1-PDX can inhibit the growth, metastasis and tumorigenicity of HeLa cells, the mechanism of which may involve a decreased furin activity and MTI-MMP expression.

Animals ; Female ; Furin ; antagonists & inhibitors ; HeLa Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Transfection ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin ; pharmacology

The apoptosis, necrosis, and senescence of hepatocytes are closely associated with the activation and proliferation of oval cells, and in addition, liver regeneration mediated by oval cells is an important part of regeneration after liver injury. Currently, studies have shown that a variety of cytokines, hormones, and neurotransmitters are involved in this process. This article reviews recent research findings, introduces the research advances in the association between various signaling pathways (TWEAK/Fn14, Hedgehog, and thyroid hormone) and liver regeneration mediated by oval cells, elaborates on the role of each pathway in the regeneration of hepatocytes, and investigates related mechanisms in liver regeneration.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum preparation on the behaviors,biochemistry,and autoimmunity parameters of mouse models of APP/PS-1 double transgenic Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods A total of 44 4-month-old APP/PS-1 double transgenic AD mice were randomly divided into AD model group,Aricept group,Ganoderma lucidum middle-dose(LZ-M)group,and Ganoderma lucidum high-dose(LZ-H)group,with 11 mice in each group.In addition,10 4-month-old C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group.Water maze test was conducted to observe the behavior changes,and the protein expressions in brain tissues were detected by Western blot analysis.The autoimmune indicators were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method.Results In the navigation experiment,the time of finding the platform was gradually shortened since the 2day in the control,LZ-H,and LZ-M groups,and the time of searching the platform in the AD model group gradually increased.On the 5day,the time of finding platform was significantly shorter in control group (t=5.607,P=0.000) and LZ-H group(t=2.750,P=0.010)than AD model group.In the space exploration experiment,the number of crossing the target platform(t=2.452,P=0.025)and the residence time in the target quadrant(t=2.530,P=0.020)in AD model group mice was significantly smaller/shorter than those in control group;in addition,the number of crossing the target platform in the AD model group was significantly smaller than that in LZ-H group(t=2.317,P=0.030)and LZ-M group(t=2.443,P=0.030),while the residence time in target quadrant decreased significantly(t=2.770,P=0.020)compared with LZ-H group;the number of crossing through the target platform quadrant(t=2.493,P=0.022)and residence time in the target quadrant(t=2.683,P=0.015)in LZ-H group were significantly higher than in Aricept group.Western blot analysis showed that the expression of ApoA1 in the brain tissues of mice in LZ-H and LZ-M groups were significantly higher than those in AD model group(P<0.01,P<0.05);Aβ-40 expression in LZ-H group was significantly lower than that in AD model group(P<0.05);the expressions of Syt1,ApoE,and ABCA1 in brain tissues of mice in LZ-H group were significantly higher than those in model group(P<0.01,P<0.05).The plasma IgG level in Aricept group(t=30.945,P=0.000),LZ-M group(t=25.639,P=0.000)and LZ-H group(t=4.689,P=0.001)were significantly higher than that in the control group.Conclusion Ganoderma lucidum preparation can improve behavior disorders of AD model mice,promote the expressions of ApoA1,ApoE and Syt1,inhibit the expression of Aβ-40 protein,and improve the autoimmune function.

OBJECTIVETo establish a long-standing cell line of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in pursuit of a model for in vitro study of carcinogenesis.

METHODSSmall tissue blocks taken from resected specimens of esophageal cancer were cultured, and cell line EC9706 was established. The biologic properties of EC9706 were characterized. Comparative genomic hybridization(CGH) was performed on the cell line.

RESULTSThe growth curve of EC9706 was detected. The cell generation time was 26 hours. The plate colony forming efficiency is 91.9%, with the capacity of forming clones in soft agar. EC9706 cells show high tumorigenecity as indicated by the rapid regeneration of moderate-poor-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas after injection into nude mice. CGH analysis indicated copy number gains of 1p1, 1q2-4, 2p1, 2q1, 5p, 7p14, 7q21, 11q1, 15q2, 20q and losses of 2p2, 2q2, 3p, 4, 9p, 14, 18, Xq. High-level gain of 5p was observed.

CONCLUSIONEstablished cell line EC9706 can serve as a useful tool for studying the carcinogenesis of ESCC.

Aged ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Division ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Tumor Cells, Cultured