Objective Compare and analyze the characteristics of the coronary angiography between Han nationality and Uygur nationality in Xinjiang autonomous region Methods 2?200 clinical data and angiographic data from 1991 to 1999 were reviewed There were divided into two groups according to different nationality The extent of the lesions and the proximal calibres of coronary artery were measured and compared Results The proximal calibres of coronary arteries of Uygurs are greater than those of Hans The lesions of Uygurs′ coronary heart disease (CHD) patients are more severe than Hans′: more three branch lesion, more C type lesion and total occlusion cases. There are statistical differences between two nationalities Conclusion Proximal calibres of coronary branches of Uygures are bigger than Hans, but Uygur patients suffer more severe lesions of coronary arteries as compared with Hans

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arterious (PDA) using Amplatzer device Methods Twenty third patients (19 ASD, 4 PDA) were treated with Amplatzer device through the pecutaneous procedure under fluoroscopy,angiography and TTE Results The success rate was 100% No residual shunts were found in 21 cases after the procedure 24 hours and 1 week later TTE and X ray examination showed that no residal shunts in all cases and both pulmonary vascularity and cardiac silhouette were improved after the procedure half a year Conclusion Transcatheter closure of ASD and PDA using Amplatzer device is an efficent method, the operation is simple with a high sucess rate and a good occlusion effect

Objective: To analyze influence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) complicated abnormal glucose metabolism on fibrinolytic system. Methods: A total of 135 ACS inpatients were selected. According to glucose metabolism status, they were divided into pure ACS group (n=48), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) + ACS group (n=46) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) + ACS group (n=41); another 35 subjects hospitalized and undergoing physical examination during the same period were enrolled as normal control group. Plamsa DD levels were measured and compared among all groups. Results: Compared with normal control group and pure ACS group, there were significant rise in triglyceride level [(1.12±0.39) mmol/L, (1.52±0.92) mmol/L vs. (2.57±1.17) mmol/L, (2.32±0.96) mmol/L] in T2DM+ACS group and IGT+ACS group, P<0.01 all; compared with normal control group, there were significant rise in plasma DD level in pure ACS group, T2DM+ACS group and IGT+ACS group [(360.50±74.95) ng/ml vs. (795.24±134.10) ng/ml vs. (663.31±116.06) ng/ml, (702.40±126.64) ng/ml] P<0.01 all, and those of T2DM+ACS group and IGT+ACS group were significantly lower than that of pure ACS group, P<0.05 both. Conclusion: Fibrinolytic system function of patients with ACS complicated impaired glucose tolerance is significantly lower than that of pure ACS patients.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of transcatheter closure of perimembrane ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) using Amplatzer eccentric perimembrane VSD occluder device Methods Six patients with a mean age of 24 2 years (ranging from 11 to 41 years), were each treated with Amplatzer occluder device through the percutaneous procedure under fluoroscopy, angiography and TTE The TTE and chest film were performed 24 hours, 1 and 3 months after the procedure to evaluate its therapeutic effect Results The success rate was 100%, and no complications occured during the procedure The mean diameter of the VSDs was 5 5 mm (ranging from 3 to 9 mm) The mean diameter of the occluder selected was 8 mm (ranging from 6 to 12 mm) No residual shunts were found in the 6 cases after the procedure 24 hour, 1 and 3 months X ray examination showed that both pulmnary vascularity and heart size were improved Conclusion Transcatheter closure of perimembrane ventricular septal defect using Amplatzer occluder device is an efficient method for patients with PMVSD The operation is simple with a high success rate of placement and a good occlusion effect

Objective To investigate the clinical features and current therapy of atrial fibrillation (AF) of inpatients in Urumqi,China.Methods The clinical data of inpatients diagnosed with AF from January,2008 to December,2012,in 12 hospitals in Urumqi were retrospectively analyzed.Results Totally 1 310 AF inpatients were enrolled in this study with the age of (64.8 ±3.3) years old and a men to women ratio of 1.39.Most patients were in age groups of 61-70 years (26.5％) and 71-80 years (27.6％).More patients with paroxysmal AF were at cardiac function class Ⅰ-Ⅱ (75.2％),while more patients with persistent AF were at cardiac function class Ⅲ-Ⅳ (31.0％) (both P values ＜ 0.05).The most common co-morbidities of AF were hypertension (49.2％),coronary heart disease (38.5％),diabetes mellitus (20.1％).Compared with patients of chronic AF,the patients of paroxysmal AF had higher success rates in amiodarone conversation and sinus rhythm maintenance after ablation (44.8％ vs 29.9％,87.5％ vs 68.9％,P values ＜ 0.05).Among the 1 310 inpatients,992 patients (75.7％) received antithrombotic therapy.There were statistically significant differences in CHA2DS2 score and incidence rate of cerebral infarction among patients receiving aspirin,warfarin or rivaroxaban/other anticoagulation drugs [2 (1,3) vs 3 (2,4) vs 3 (2,5) and 6.3％ vs 23.8％ vs 30.2％,both P values ＜0.05].Conclusion Our results of AF inpatients' age,gender,related disease distribution,AF types,incidence of stoke,therapeutic and epidemiological features are in accordance with the domestic and abroad reports.

Objective: To study the relationship between dilated cardiomyopathy and nuclear lamina protein (LMNA) gene mutation in Kazak ethnics at Xinjiang area.
Methods: A Kazak familial dilated cardiomyopathy (FDCM) with 31 members was studied. In addition, 160 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) with 160 healthy controls were enrolled in our study, and they were divided into 4 groups: IDCM-Kazak, IDCM-Han and Control-Kazak, Control-Han.n=80 in each group. Peripheral blood DNA were extracted, 12 exons with nearby introns of LMNA gene were detected by PCR and the ampliifed products were sequenced and compared with the standard template of CHROMAS and BLAST software to identify mutation sites. LMNA mutation in both Kazak and Han IDCM patients were investigated.
Results: A novel LMNA mutation (insC, CGG→CCG) at exon 7 was identiifed in a FDCM proband, it caused an amino acid substitution as Arg to Pro, and a known LMNA polymorphism loci rs4641 (c.1362C>T His454His) was fund at exon 10. In addition, LMNA polymorphism loci rs4641 genotype distribution (χ2=5.16,P=0.036) and allele frequency (χ2=4.50,P=0.034) were statistically different between IDCM-Kazak group and Control-Kazak group; while such differences were no statistic meaning between IDCM-Han group and Control-Han group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that LMNA polymorphism loci rs4641 was related to IDCM occurrence in Kazak ethnics (P=0.025, OR=0.412, 95% CI 0.189-0.896).
Conclusion: LMNA polymorphism loci rs4641 was related to IDCM in Kazak ethnics at Xinjiang area, which might be susceptible loci for IDCM occurrence.

Objective: To comparatively study the atrial ifbrillation (AF) in patients with Han, Uygur, Kazak and Hui ethnic groups in Urumqi city.
Methods: A total of 1510 AF patients treated in 12 hospitals in Urumqi city from 2008-01 to 2012-12 were retrospectively studied. There were 1310 patients enrolled in our research including the 4 ethnic groups of Han, n=995 (75.95%), Uygur, n=168 (12.82%), Kazak, n=55 (4.20%) and Hui, n=92 (7.02%).
Results: ①The gender ratios were similar in 4 ethnic groups, P>0.05, while the AF type, cardiac function and risk factors were different, all P<0.05.②The blood pressure was similar in 4 ethnic groups, P>0.05, while the blood routine test, biochemistry and cardiac ultrasound examination were different, all P<0.05.③The treatments were different among 4 ethnic groups, all P<0.05.
Conclusion: The AF patients were different in AF type, biochemistry, cardiac ultrasound and function, anti-coagulation treatment among 4 ethnic groups of Han, Uygur, Kazak and Hui in Urumqi city.

AIM:To investigate the effects of microRNA-29a and 133a expression in the atrium on atrial fibril-lation (AF) and fibrosis.METHODS:Chronic rapid atrial pacing was used to establish the persistent AF dog model , and the sham group was also set up .The cardiac ultrasound measurement was used for determining the cardiac structure size . The Masson 3 color staining were used to evaluate the stage of fibrosis .The expression of microRNA-29a and 133a in the left atrium ( LA) was detected by real-time transcriptase polymerase chain reaction .RESULTS: Compared with before modeling , no statistical difference of atrial dilatation and decreased ejection fraction in the model dogs with persistent AF was observed (P>0.05).Compared with sham group, the degree of fibrosis and collagen volume fraction (CVF) in per-sistent AF model group were increased obviously (P<0.05).The expression of microRNA-29a and 133a were decreased obviously (P<0.01, P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Structural remodeling of the atrium and atrial fibrosis are the essential for development and maintenance of atrial fibrillation .Down-regulation of microRNA-29a and 133a expression may be very important molecular mechanism for atrial structural remodeling in the persistent AF model dogs .

Objective: To observe the clinical characteristics and current treatment status in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) at different grade hospitals in Xinjiang Area.
Methods: A total of 5357 patients with CHF diagnosis discharged from 20 different grade hospitals in Xinjiang area from 2011-01 to 2012-02 were enrolled. The age, gender, nationality, etiology of CHF, cardiac function, complications and current medication status in all patients were systemically studied.
Results:①There were 2295/5357 (42.8%) patients with Han nationality, 2255 (42.1%) with Uyghur nationality and 8.07 (15.1%) with other nationalities. The average age of patients was at (64.60 ± 12.77) years.②The etiology of CHF were, in turn, as: coronary artery disease (CAD) 50.8%, hypertension (31.8%), dilated cardiomyopathy (7.2%).③ The ratios of patients with NYHA III-IV in county hospital 440/682 (64.5%), in regional hospital 1180/1557 (75.8%) were higher than that that in grade A class 3 hospital 967/3118 (31.0%), ( =1390.362,P=0.000).④The patients in county hospital, regional hospital showed increased left atrial diameter (44.7 ± 8.8) mm, (39.5 ± 8.1) mm and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (60.6 ± 11.1) mm, (56.9 ± 11.1) mm than those in grade A class 3 hospital (37.3 ± 7.1) mm and (53.8 ± 9.7) mm; while decreased LVEF (41.9 ± 10.5) %, (42.3 ± 13.0) % than that in grade A class 3 hospital (46.5 ± 12.8), allP<0.001.⑤The medication status in different grade hospitals as ACEI/ARB, β-blocker, aldosterone antagonist, diuretics, digitalis were at 72.8%, 66.8%, 46.6% , 45.5% and 26.8% respectively. The application of ACEI/ARB and β-blocker in county hospital (61.4% and 51.5%) and in regional hospital (72.3% and 58.3%) were lower than those in grade A class 3 hospital (75.6% and 74.3%); while the application of aldosterone antagonist in county hospitals (57.9%) and in regional hospital (73.8%) were higher than that in grade A class 3 hospital (30.6%), allP<0.001.
Conclusion: The etiology of CHF were mainly as CAD and hypertension in Xinjiang area, the patients in county and regional hospitals had more severe conditions than that in grade A class 3 hospital, which implying the distance between the guideline standard and real practice especially in basic level hospitals.

Objective: To explore the relationship between atrial MMP-9 with its inhibitor (TIMP-1), anti-apoptosis gene (BCL-2) with apoptosis gene (BAX) and the aging with atrial remodeling in experimental dog model during atrial ifbrillation (AF), in order to better deal with the aging caused AF.
Methods: The experimental dogs were divided into 4 groups: ①Adult with sinus rhythm (ASR) group, ②Elder with sinus rhythm (ESR) group and③Adult with AF (AAF) group,④Elder with AF (EAF) group. n=7 in each group. Chronic AF model was induced by rapid and persistent atrial pacing. The mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and BCL-2, BAX were measured by real time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The cellular ultra structural remodeling was examined by optical/electron microscopy, and the apoptosis index was determined by TUNEL method,
Results: Compared with adult dogs, the elder dogs showed obviously increased expressions of MMP-9, BAX, and decreased expressions of TIMP-1, BCL-2, all P<0.05. Compared with SR gods, the AF dogs presented up-regulated expressions
of MMP-9, BAX, all P<0.05, and down-regulated expressions of TIMP-1, BCL-2, all P<0.05, such changes were most obvious in elder AF dogs. Accompanying with the aging and AF, the degree of atrial ifbrosis, cellular ultra structure and the apoptosis index were changed with the statistic meaning.
Conclusion: The abnormal expressions of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and BCL-2/BAX might be one of the molecular mechanisms for aging caused AF in experimental dog model.