Aim To observe the intervention effects of sodium aescinate on acute lung injury model of rats induced by oleate. Methods Fifty four male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group, sodium aescinate control group (without oleate) , oleate model control group,medrol interventional group and sodium aescinate interventional group. Acute lung injury models of rats were made by injecting oleate (OA, 0. 1 ml · kg~(-1) ) through caudal veins, and then rats were observed and killed to detect correlated in-dice. The observation indice were the histomorphology of lung, the wet and dry weights of lung ( W/D), score of injury of lung under light microscope (IQA ) , partial pressure of oxygen in artery ( PaO_2) , the levels of SOD and MDA in blood plasma and lung tissue. Results ① Histomorphology of lung: Lung surface hyperemia relieved obviously and pink secretion from trachea of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventioal group decreased significantly compared with oleate model control group. Under light microscope , compared with oleate model control group, effusion of inflammatory cells in alveolar space of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group decreased. ② The wet and dry weights of lung ( W/D ) ; W/D of rats in oleate control model group increased obviously compared with those in normal control group, W/D of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group decreased obviously compared with those in oleate model control group. ③ Score of injury of lungs under light microscope (IQA) ; IQA of rats in oleate model control group advanced obviously compared with that in normal control group. IQA of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group lowered significantly compared with that in oleate model control group.④ Partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO_2) : PaO_2 of rats in oleate model control group lowered significantly compared with that in normal control group. PaO_2 of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group improved significantly compared with that in oleate model control group. ⑤ The levels of SOD and MDA in blood plasma and lung tissue:The levels of SOD in plasma and lung tissue of rats in oleate model control group lowered significantly compared with those in normal control group. SOD in plasma and lung tissue of rats in sodium aescinate in-terventional group and medrol interventional group increased significantly compared with that in oleate model control group. The levels of MDA in plasma and lung tissue of rats in oleate model control group lowered significantly compared with those in normal control group. MDA in plasma and lung tissue of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group increased significantly compared with that in oleate model control group. Conclusion Sodium aescinate can improve W/D, IQA and PaO_2 by adjusting oxidization of the acute lung injury model of rats, which may provide a possible path for treating acute lung injury in clinical practice.