Objective To evaluate CT diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thoracic granulomatous diseases.Methods 13 cases of thoracic granulomatous diseases(tuberculoma 5,mycosis 3,sarcoidosis 2,Wegener's granuloma 2,eosinophilic granuloma 1) proved surgically-pathologically together with clinical and imaging data undergone analysis,especially put emphasis on CT features.Results ①Pulmonary granulomatous lesions commonly presented as nodules or masses,single or multiple,all the lesions had cavity,as well known pulmonary tuberculoma,pulmonary mycosis and Wegener's granuloma.②Cavity associated with mobile mass inside presented as air meniscus or air sing sign were the imaging characteristics of pulmonary aspergilloma.③Hilar and mediastinal lymphadenectasis always presented as bilaterally and symmetrically that was the typical sign of stage I sarcoidosis.④The multiple,multiplicity together with necrosis and cavity were the characteristics of wegener's granuloma.⑤Nodules and pneumtoceles were the major specific signs of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma.Conclusion To analyse CT specific features and in combination with clinical data,it can improve the diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary granulomatous diseases.

Oxidative stress is an important factor that can cause aging body, tissue damage and diseases.FoxO3a transcription factor is critical for the regulation of oxidative stress.Recently, there are some reports on the quite complex role of FoxO3a in regulating oxidative stress.Not only can it promote the survival of cells, but also induce cell apoptosis at some oxidative stress conditions.In this paper, the role of FoxO3a in oxidative stress, the possible signal pathway and the potential effect of target FoxO3a for oxidative stress diseases treatment are reviewed.

Objective To discuss the clinical symptoms of severe traumatic cerebral injury patients with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH). These patients were given positive and effective prevention and treatment to reduce complications in order to improve prognosis. Methods Twenty patients with PSH were selected from October 2010 to October 2014 and were analyzed by gender, age, diagnosis, clinical symptoms, laboratory and equipment inspection to summary the treatment experiences of such patients. Results Of the 20 patients,14 were males and 6 were females,with age of 22-65 (35.4±9.5) years. Sixteen patients underwent unilateral or bilateral intracranial hematoma and decompressive craniectomy,and 4 patients were given conservative treatment. PSH occurred in these patients within 1 week after cerebral injury or surgery. However, the elderly might occur in the course of a few weeks or even months later. Each patient' s seizure frequency and duration had no significant regular pattern. The frequency varied from one time in several days to several times one day. Seizure duration was generally less than half an hour. All of the patients underwent CT and MRI examinations and showed different parts of the brain injury. But the damage of the brain stem, corpus callosum, basal ganglia and lateral ventricles beside sympathetic overactivity could lead to the occurrence of PSH. Most of the patients had a good effect after active drug treatment and symptomatic therapy. Conclusions PSH often occurs in severe traumatic cerebral injury patients. The doctor should pay attention to PSH. Early active and effective prevention and treatment can improve the prognosis of patients with PSH.

Objective To investigate the expression characteristics of Golgi phosphoprotein 3(GOLPH3)in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)and explore its clinicopathological significance. Methods The expressions of GOLPH3 protein was detected in 132 cases of paired paraf-fin embedded HCC specimens and pericarcinoma tissues using immunohistochemical staining ,and the relation of the expression of GOLPH3 to clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Meanwhile,the expression and distribution of GOLPH3 in HCC cells was observed by laser confocal mi-croscopy. Results The positive expression rates of GOLPH3 in HCC and pericarcinoma tissues were 70.0%(92/132)and 42.4%(56/132) (P<0.001),respectively. The incidence of portal vein tumor thrombus in high and low GOLPH3 expression groups of HCC were 21.2%(14/66) and 6.1%(4/66)(P<0.05),respectively. The expression rate of GOLPH3 in HCC was significantly higher than that in pericarcinoma tissues, and the expression of GOLPH3 in HCC was positively related to portal vein tumor thrombus. In addition ,GOLPH3 was mainly expressed in cyto-plasm of HCC cells,and there was also scattered distribution in the nucleus. Conclusion GOLPH3 acts as an oncogene and may play vital roles in the carcinogenesis and development of HCC.

Objective To investigate the expression of CyelinD1 protein in nephroblastoma.Methods The tissue microarray were made in 28 cases of nephroblastoma and 19 cases of renal tissue adjacent to tumor.The expression of CyclinD1 and p53 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The positive rate of the expression of CyclinD1 and p53 protein was significantly different between nephroblastoma and renal tissue adjacent to tumor (P < 0.05).The positive rate of the expression of CyclinD1 and p53 protein was significantly different in different degree of differentiation of nephroblastoma (P < 0.05).The expression of CyclinD1 and p53 protein was positively correlated (P < 0.05).Conclusions The CyclinD1 and p53 might be used as the marks for estimating the degree of differentiation of nephroblastoma.The over-expression of CyclinD1 and the mutation of p53 might play the vital role in nephroblastoma.

r governments and mescal institutions in their prevention and control.

Objective: To identify 5 specimens of C.tubulosa(Schenk) R.Wight on different parasitifers,and explore the relationship between electrophoretic fingerprint and identification on soluble-protein,meanwhile providing data for establishing electrophoresis pattern library of Chinese crude drugs.Methods: The electrophoretic characteristics of soluble-proteins from 5 specimens of C.tubulosa(Schenk) R.Wight on different parasitifers were studied with SDS-PAGE.Results: It indicated that reproducible and high resolvable electrophoresis patterns of soluble proteins of C.tubulosa(Schenk) R.Wight on different parasitifers by SDS-PAGE.Their degrees of polymorphism were 55.56%.Conclusion: Each specimen had its own unique band pattern distinguish from the others.The electrophoresis pattern of SDS-PAGE of soluble proteins can be regarded as protein fingerprints for identification of C.tubulosa(Schenk) R.Wight on different parasitifers.

Objective To understand the development history and current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)management in children’s hospitals in China during the past 30 years.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted in 20 children’s hospitals,the investigated contents included:basic situation of hospitals, HAI management organizations and professionals,the support of hospital leaders for the management of HAI, training on HAI knowledge,monitoring on HAI,and so on.Results Up to 2015,20 hospitals all set up independent HAI management departments and HAI management committees,46.15%(6/13)of hospitals with more than 1 000 beds were understaffed in HAI management.There were a total of 88 professionals in HAI management in 20 children’s hospitals in 2015,53.41% (n=47)of professionals had bachelor degree,34.09% (n=30)were with intermediate professional title,46.59%(n=41)were nursing staff.Up to 2015,incidences and missing report rates of HAI,antimicrobial usage rates,incidences of HAI in neonates all decreased compared with 2006.In 2015,20 (100.00%)hospitals all carried out monitoring on antimicrobial application,multidrug-resistant organisms,disin-fection and sterilization,and provided personnel protective equipment.In 2015,9(45.00%)hospitals used non-tou-ch faucets in all wards,19(95.00%)hospitals supplied hand-drying paper towel and alcohol-based hand rub in all wards.None of professionals in these hospitals participated in national-level training on HAI for ≥3 times in 1996, professionals in 11 hospitals (55.00%)participated in national-level training for ≥3 times in 2015.Conclusion In the past 30 years,the management of HAI in children’s hospitals in China has basically met the requirement,moni-toring on HAI gradually improved,but allocation of HAI professionals and personnel quality ability still need to be strengthened.

Objective To analyze the risk factors for the failure of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD),and to help the clinical risk assessment and decision making.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted.The patients with AECOPD undergoing NIV admitted to Kaifeng Emergency Center from June 2011 to March 2016 were enrolled,and they were divided into two groups according to whether NIV was successful or not within 12 hours.The nutritional status,blood gas analysis,serum electrolytes,D-dimer,renal function,serum pre-albumin,as well as kinetic vital signs,Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score,expression of respiratory distress,and spontaneous expectoration were recorded.Logistic forward stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the factors for failure of NIV.Results 122 patients.with the initial NIV were enrolled,with NIV failure in 41 patients within 12 hours,accounted for 33.6％.Compared with NIV success group,the percents of respiratory rate ≥ 25 breaths/min (75.6％ vs.17.3％),expectoration disorders (78.0％ vs.19.8％),circulatory disorders (61.0％ vs.18.5％),malnutrition (61.0％ vs.11.1％),decreased serum pre-albumin (58.5％ vs.17.3％),and GCS score ＜ 12 (75.6％ vs.28.4％) in NIV failure group were significantly increased (all P ＜ 0.05).But there were no significant differences in gender,age,body temperature,blood gas analysis,D-dimer,serum creatinine between two groups.It was shown by the results of binary logistic regression analysis that respiratory rate,expectoration disorders,circulatory disorders,malnutrition,serum pre-albumin,and GCS score were the factors of NIV failure [odds ratio (OR) values were 10.879,6.338,9.860,23.273,8.862,6.774,and P values were 0.011,0.038,0.024,0.003,0.015,0.041,respectively].It was shown by the results of logistic stepwise regression analysis that respiratory rate ≥ 25 breaths/min,expectoration disorders,circulatory disorders,malnutrition,decreased serum pre-albumin,and GCS score ＜ 12 were independent risk factors of NIV failure (OR values were 6.610,5.403,5.138,8.153,4.979,5.100,and P values were 0.007,0.013,0.023,0.007,0.027,0.023,respectively).Conclusions The multiple independent risk factors can induce NIV failure within 12 hours in emergency patients with AECOPD,i.e.increased respiratory rate,expectoration dysfunction,circulatory disorders,malnutrition,decreased serum pre-albumin,and decreased GCS score.Emergency physicians should pay attention to these early risk factors in AECOPD patients,which can be taken as correct judgment and guide.