The incidence in 7768 cases of acute craniocerebral injuries was analysed in this article.The analysis showed that there were more cases of acute craniocerebral injuries seen during the period from June to November,especially from June to August.The main causes of injury from June to August were trips and falls (41.7%) and those from September to November were traffic accidents (48.7%).Improvements in rescue orga- nization and measures in prevention during the period of high incidence were sugge sted.

Objective To explore the effects of tamoxifen on the proliferation of SHG-44 glioma cells and the currents of sodium channel. Methods The cell activity was detected by MTT. The alteration of cellular proliferation and apoptosis were dectected by flow cytometer. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the Na currents.Results After treatment with tamoxifen,the cells began aging and shedding and cell counting decreased.The cells in G2/M cell cycle were more than that in control and the apoptosis ration increased. Tamoxifen significantly decreased the amplitude of Na currents of SHG-44 cell line.This blocking effect was dose-dependent and voltage-dependent.When the holding potential was 0 mV, 8 ?mol/L tamoxifen could block this currents by 69%.The half inhibition concentration(IC50) was 5.54 ?mol/L. Conclusion Tamoxifen can inhibit SHG-44 glioma cells proliferation.The inhibion of sodium channel may be one of its mechanisms.

Objective:To clarify the mechanism of immunoregulation of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) transfected interleukin 18(IL-18) after their transplantation into glioma bearing rats.Methods:Cultured BMSCs from SD rats were transfected with rmIL-18(BMSCs/IL-18).Untransfected BMSCs were used as control.Culture supernatant medium was collected for IL-18 examination at different time point by ELISA kit.After establishment of glioma bearing rats followed by BMSCs/IL-18 transplantation,serum concentration of IFN-?,IL-2 and IL-10 were examined by means of ELISA kit.And their splenocytes were cultured with C6 cells and BMSCs/IL-18 for in vitro cytotoxicity assay,and subsets of splenocyte were detected by flow cytometry.TUNEL was used to clarify apoptosis cells inside glioma and anti-CD34 staining was performed to observe microvessel density(MVD).Results:BMSCs/IL-18 could secret IL-18 long term and stably.After being transplanted with BMSCs/IL-18,serum concentration of IL-2,IFN-? in glioma bearing rats' increased obviously and serum concentration of IL-10 decreased.Flow cytometry results showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes increased in the splenocytes.And rechallenge with C6 cells induced a rapid immuno-reaction.In vitro cytotoxicity assays.It was showed that BMSCs/IL-18 could stimulate splenocytes to kill C6 cells obviously.TUNEL assay showed that there were 15.74?6.23 apoptosis cells inside glioma in each view in Group 2,which was much more when compared with other groups.Microvessel density inside glioma in group 2(6.51?2.71) was lower than in group 1(13.52?3.06),group 3(12.67?2.61) and control group(14.84?1.47).Conclusion:By means of inducing Th1 cytokine and suppressing Th2 cytokine and activating cytotoxic T lymphocyte,BMSCs/IL-18 induces obviously anti-tumor activity.

Objective To summarize surgical strategies and skills against aneurysms of posterior circulation .Methods Twenty-one cases of posterior circulation aneurysms who had undergone microsurgery between March 2008 and March 2013 were analyzed retrospectively .Two of these cases had their basilar artery aneurysms clipped via the pterion approach and five through the subtemporal approach .Five posterior cerebral artery aneurysms were clipped via the subtemporal approach , two anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms were clipped via the retrosigmoid approach , three posterior inferior cerebel-lar artery aneurysms were clipped through the far lateral approach , and two vertebral artery aneurysms were clipped similar-ly approach.Results All the aneurysms were clipped successfully .According to Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), the cura-tive effect was poor in 3 cases(GOS 2-3 points), good in 16 cases(GOS 4-5 points) and 2 patients died(GOS 1 point). Conclusion Aneurysms of posterior circulation can be treated through microsurgery .Proper surgical strategies , operative ap-proach and delicate surgical skills are critical to the success of surgeries and curative effects .

Objective By the designing and clinical application of score table and focus nursing sheet to brain trauma patients,paramedics can observe state of illness individually,optimize the nursing care in a further performance,and ensure the security of brain trauma patients more profitably.Methods To design the score table and focus nursing sheet according to the disease species and symptoms,contrast to the previous nurse observing table in noting time,error rate,exam results and surgeon satisfaction degree.Results By evaluating 130 cases in this test,the score table and focus nursing sheet were superior to the previous nurse observing table.Conclusions With the score table and focus nursing sheet,nurses can observe the illness and note the progress more scientifically and conveniently,the concept of individuation and specialization are worthy of recommending.

Background Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to have the ability of migrating after transplantation into rat model of traumatic brain injury. In this study, MSCs'characteristic of tropism for intracranial glioma was explored following being labeled and transplanted into brain and blood of gliomabearing rats.Methods Cellulae medullares were cultured to get pure MSCs. The cell surface antigen and cell cycle of MSCs were detected to confirm their identity by flow cytometry. MSCs were marked with BrdU and then were injected into contralateral brain or collateral internal carotid artery of rats bearing glioma. 2 weeks later, the brains were resected and pathological sections were made. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence technology were performed to detect MSCs.Results MSCs displayed extensive tropism for intracranial glioma. MSCs which were injected in the contralateral brain of the glioma scattered densely in the juncture between brain tissue and tumor and there were a few MSCs in the glioma; MSCs which were injected into the collateral internal carotid artery scattered widespread in the glioma and there were a few MSCs in the juncture area.Conclusions MSCs have the ability to migrating toward glioma and penetrating blood brain barrier. MSCs may be ideal gene therapy vehicles against glioma.

Optical coherency tomography (OCT) is one of the powerful optical imaging tools that allows cross-sectional tomography of the microstructure in living subjects with high resolution. With the rapid development of OCT and a wide range of preclinical and clinical tumor imaging, it provides profound insights into the complex physiological, cellular and molecular behaviors of tumors. Preclinical OCT has elucidated many inscrutable aspects of tumor biology, while clinical applications of OCT are revolutionizing diagnosis and therapies. As a new noninvasive optical imaging technique, OCT can realize the intraoperative imaging of tumor and provide meaningful image data, which will provide great help for the diagnosis, classification and boundary determination of tumor diseases in the future.

Objective To investigate the effects of rapamycin on the expression of glioma patients tumor helicase RECQ1.Methods 50 glioma patients admitted to the department of neurosurgery in second hospital of hebei medical university were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups,25 patients in control group,were treated with routine admission surgical treatment;25 cases in the experimental group,firstly were given rapamycin capsule 1 mg,1 times/day orally,took 14 days in a row,and had surgical treatment after stopping drug a week.Glioma tissue samples were taken during the operation,mRNA and protein expression of tumor helicase RECQ1 were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blot.Results Glioma tumor helicase RECQ1 mRNA expression in the control group increased more significantly than experimental group,the optical density value in control group was(1.657 ±0.748),while the experimental group optical density value was(1.059 ±0.894),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05 );all organizations had the expression of tumor helicase RECQ1 protein,but gliomas tumor helicase RECQ1 protein expression in the experimental group patients(0.952 ±0.021)was significantly lower than that in the control group(1.211 ±0.024),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Rapamycin capsule could reduce the expression of mRNA helicase RECQ1,inhibit DNA glial tumor cells of brain replication,effectively kill cancer cells,control the the progress of brain glioma,and improve prognosis,worth clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the operative techniques of microsurgery treatment of M1 segment of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms via pterional approach in 132 cases.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestation,angiograms,and surgical operation data of 132 patients with M1 segment of MCA aneurysms who underwent microsurgery through pterional approach.Results Preoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was conducted in 121 cases to identify the size,shape,orientation and relationship with blood vessels around the MCA aneurysms.The other 11 cases underwent emergency operation.Among the 132 cases,72 patients were discharged in good condition according to Glasgow Outcome Scale; 41 patients were in poor condition; 19 cases were dead or in predying state.Postoperative CT showed that49 cases occurred new infarction and 7 cases developed hydrocephalus or enlargement of ventricles.Ventriculoperitoneal shunt was conducted in 2 cases.Intraoperation rupture and bleeding of aneurysms occurred in 17 cases.Conclusion The aneurysms in M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery are mostly located in the bifurcation of M1 segment.Most branches and perforating arteries stem from middle cerebral artery trunk.Patients with Hunt-hess grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ MCA aneurysms or with Hunt-hess grade Ⅳ,Ⅴ should be treated with microsurgery as soon as possible.Inside Sylvian fissure approach is the most frequently adopted in microsurgery via pterional approach.It is key for the success of the operation to preoperatively understand the anatomy surrounding the aneurysms,have good microsurgical skills and employ correct methods of preventing and managing of rupture of aneurysm.It can relieve the secondary cerebral vasospasm to clear up hematocele in the cisterns or to wash the cisterns or use adhesive wound dressing on blood vessels during operation using papaverine.

Objective:To investigate the expressions and significance of tyrosine kinase receptor EphA2 and its ligand ephrinA1 in human malignant gliomas and their correlation with tumor angiogenesis. Methods:The expressions of EphA2, ephrinA1, and CD105-stained microvessel density (MVD) were detected via immunohistochemical assay in 62 glioma tissues and 8 normal brain tissues. The correlation between EphA2 and ephrinA1 expression and microvessel counts in the glioma tissues were assessed. Results:Immunohistochemical staining results revealed that variable levels of EphA2 and MVD expression were significantly higher than that of the normal brain samples. Statistical difference was observed in EphA2 and MVD expressions between human gliomas and normal brain samples (P<0.01). The positive rate of EphA2 and MVD expressions was significantly higher in high-grade gliomas (WHO III-IV) than that in low-grade gliomas (WHO I-II) (P<0.01). EphrinA1 was expressed at low levels in most malignant gliomas, and the increased ephrinA1 expression was associated with lower-grade histology. MVD was significantly positively correlated with EphA2 expression (r=0.713, P<0.01) and significantly negatively correlated with ephrinA1 expression (r=-0. 772, P<0.01). EphA2 was significantly negatively correlated with ephrinA1 expression (r=-0.912, P<0.01). Conclusion:Specifically over-expressed EphA2 and its low-expressed ligand ephrinA1 in malignant gliomas may be closely correlated with the invasion and malignant degree of gliomas. Cooperation is involved in the angiogenesis and has an important function in the initiation and progression of gliomas.