Objective To study sensorineural hearing loss classification and incidence of inner ear malformations based on the image of high-resolution computed tomography.Methods The investigation took the form of a retrospective review of CT findings relating to the 5 398 ears of outpatients in the general PLA hospital in the last 10 years.The inner ear malformations diagnosed by CT were classified according to the methods proposed by Sennaroglu's 2010.Results A total of 1 640 ears of inner ear malformations were found in 5 398 ears with sensorineural hearing loss by CT examination.The incidence of the inner ear malformation was 30.38% (1 640/5 398).The epidemiological information of 1 660 ears of inner ear malformation according to Sennaroglu's classification was as follows: cochlea information was 53.66%(880/1 640)and non-cochlea information was 46.34%(760/1 640)of the group.Eight hundred and eighty ears of cochlea malformation consisted of these types: 5 ear of Michel deformity, 23 cochlea of aplasia, 6 common cavity deformity, 69 cochlea of hypoplasia with 19 CH-I , 16 CH-II, and 34 CH-III, 777 cochlea incomplete partition with 44 IP-I , 703 IP-II and 30 IP-III.Seven hundred and sixty ears of non-cochlea malformation consisted of 680 large vestibular aqueducts, 80 simple vestibular/ semicircular canal/ internal auditory canal malformations.IP-II type and large vestibular aqueduct were related to the vestibular aqueduct malformation, making up 84.33%(1 383/1 640)ears of the whole malformation group.Conclusion The results suggest that 30.38% inner ear malformation can be found in ears with sensorineural hearing loss,higher than reported based on the image of high-resolution computed tomography.Sennaroglu's 2010 classifications have instructive significance in investigating the status of inner ear malformations.

Objective:To investigate the effect and safety of sufentanil combined with propofol for intravenous anesthesia in chil-dren undergone painless gastroscopy. Methods:Totally 120 cases of children undergone painless gastroscopy were divided into the ob-servation group (60 cases) and the control group (60 cases) according to the random number method. The observation group was given sufentanil combined with propofol for anesthesia, and the control group was given fentanyl and propofol for anesthesia. The hemodynam-ic indices at the period of T0 (before the anesthesia), T1 (1 min after the anesthesia induction), T2 (checking), T3 (2min after the checking) and T4 ( at the end of testing) were compared between the groups, and the anesthesia situation, hospitalization time, dosage of propofol, fine/excellent rate of anesthesia and adverse reactions were also observed. Results:In T1, T2 and T3, the MAP ( mean arterial pressure) , HR ( heart rate) and RR ( respiratory rate) were declined in the two groups when compared with those in T0 ( P<0. 05), and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The time of consciousness disap-pearance, eyes open, orientation force recovery and hospitalization in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, and the propofol dosage in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0. 05) . The excellent number and rate of the observation group were better than those of the control group (P<0. 05), and the incidence of apnea of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Sufentanil combined with propofol for anesthesia in children undergone painless gastroscopy has the properties of fast onset and recovery, stable hemodynamic indices during the operation and high safety, which is worthy of promoted application.

Hypopharyngeal cancer is considered to be one of the head and neck tumor with poor progno -sis.The clinical curative effect of different treatments for hypopharyngeal cancer is also different .Surgery and ra-diotherapy of comprehensive treatment are the main treatments of hypopharyngeal cancer .Chemotherapy and bio-logical therapy also plays an important role on hypopharyngeal cancer .In this paper,we summarize the clinical curative effect of different treatments for hypopharyngeal cancer .

This paper introduces interns shoule know the importance of interpersonal relationship in clinic practice thoroughly and good interpersonal relationship requires the teacher and medical students to make efforts together.

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the data of the patients with sensorineural hearing loss in China and study the classification and incidence of inner ear malformationsby the high-resolution computed tomography. METHOD: The investigation took a retrospective review of CT findings relating to the 2,747 cases of outpatients. The inner ear malformations diagnosed by CT were classified according to the methods proposed by Sennaroglu. RESULT: (1)843 cases of inner ear malformations were found in 2747 cases of patients with sensorineural hearing loss by CT examination. The incidence of inner ear malformation was 30.69%(843/2747). (2) The epidemiological information of 843 cases of inner ear malformation according to Sennaroglu's classification was as follows: cochlea was 52. 31%(441/843), simple vestibular aqueduct was 40.33%(340/843), simple vestibular/ semicircular canal/internal auditory canal were 7. 35%(62/843) of the group. (3) 441 cases of cochlea malformation were consisted of these types of malformation: Michel deformity was 1.13% (5/441), cochlear aplasia was 1. 81% (8/441), common cavity deformity was 3. 17% (14/441), incomplete partition type I was 8. 62% (38/441), cochlea hypoplasia was 9. 07% (40/441) and incomplete partition type II was 76. 19% (336/441) of the group. CONCLUSION The results suggested that 30. 69% cases of inner ear malformation can be found in patients with sensorineural hearing loss, which is more higher than reported by the high-resolution computed tomography. Sennaroglu's classification is instructively significant in investigating the status of inner ear malformations.
China ; Cochlea ; Ear, Inner ; abnormalities ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; etiology ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Retrospective Studies ; Semicircular Canals ; Temporal Bone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

OBJECTIVE: Explore the relationship between the pathogenic mutations of SLC26A4 gene and inner ear malformation, and analyze the feasibility of genetic testing to help current diagnosis in part of children with sensorineural hearing loss. METHOD: 2094 cases of children were detected by SLC26A4 with the method of DNA sequence. CT phenotypes of those children were classified according to the method proposed by Sennaroglu. We analyzed the relationship between the pathogenic mutations of gene and the CT phenotypes. RESULT: (1) 685 cases of inner ear malformations were found in 2094 cases of children with sensorineural hearing loss by CT examination (371 cases of cochlea malformation were consisted of the follow types of malformation. Michel deformity was 6 cases, cochlea aplasia was 8 cases, common cavity deformity was 12 cases, incomplete partition type I was 27 cases, cochlea hypoplasia was 30 cases and Mondini malformation was 288 cases); Vestibular aqueduct was 265 cases; Vestibular/semicircular canal/internal auditory canal were 49 cases, normal was 1409 cases. (2) The DNA sequence results revealed that 465 cases carried pathogenic mutations (Bi-allelic mutations) of SLC26A4 gene, among which 135 cases were homozygous, 330 cases were compound heterozygous. (3) Pathogenic mutations of SLC26A4 gene detected 100% (465/465) in the group related to vestibular aqueduct malformation. CONCLUSION The results suggest that pathogenic mutation of SLC26A4 gene is closely related to the CT phenotype of vestibular aqueduct malformation. Detecting of pathogenic mutations for hearing loss is binging the possibility to identify children with inner malformations at an early stage. As a consequence, it will improve the current diagnosis and therapeutical option.
Alleles ; Child ; Cochlea ; Deafness ; Ear, Inner ; abnormalities ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Semicircular Canals ; Sulfate Transporters ; Temporal Bone ; Vestibular Aqueduct ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) versus intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) for suspected common bile duct stones (CBDS).Methods 324 patients with suspected CBDS who were admitted to the Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery Department of Shaoxing People's Hospital between June 2010 and June 2014 were retrospectively studied.Either EUS or IOC was used and the diagnostic value of these two imaging modalities was compared.Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of IOC in diagnosing suspected CBDS were 90.6％, 98.4％, 9.5％ and 97.7％ respectively.Its consistency rate was 96.9％.The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS in diagnosing suspected CBDS were 97.1％, 100％, 100％ and 99.1％ respectively.Its consistency rate was 99.3％.Conclusions In diagnosing suspected CBDS, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS were significantly higher than IOC.When compared with IOC, EUS was more sensitive to detect occult CBDS and avoided unnecessary ERCP or bile duct exploration.Patients with negative EUS were less likely to have retained CBDS.

OBJECTIVE Study the role of mycoplasma infection and expression of Ki67 protein in the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS Immunohistochemistry method was used to study 145 specimens of laryngeal carcinoma tissues, 25 specimens of precarcinoma tissues, 31 specimens of vocal cord polyps and 15 specimens of normal tissues adjacent to laryngeal carcinoma. RESULTS ①The positive rates of PD4 and Ki67 were 45.52%(66/145) and 82.76 % (120/145) in laryngeal carcinoma tissue, 16.00 % (4/25) and 32.00 % (8/25) in precarcinoma tissue, 12.90 % (4/31) and 22.58 % (7/31) in vocal cords polyps, 6.67 % (1/15) and 0 (0/15) in normal tissues adjacent to laryngeal carcinoma. ②The positive rates of PD4 and Ki67 were higher in the advanced laryngeal carcinoma cases than that in the early laryngeal carcinoma cases. The positive rates of PD4 and Ki67 were higher in laryngeal carcinoma cases with cervical metastasis than that laryngeal carcinoma cases without cervical metastasis(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of polysomnography (PSG) and ApneaGraph (AG200) in the diagnosis evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: From January to December in 2012, 67 OSAHS patients diagnosed by PSG were examined by AG200. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI), hypopnea index (HI), apnea index (AI), the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) was were detected and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULT: Significant differences were observed in AI, AHI, LSaO2 between AG200 and PSG (P < 0.05, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found in HI. The differences in HI between AG200 and PSG were not significant (P > 0.05). AHI, HI and LSaO2 was were significantly correlated between AG200 and PSG (r = 0.870, 0.743, 0.374, 0.716, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION AG200 could not replace PSG but could identify the level of upper airway obstruction.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; methods ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Objective:To investigate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with extremely severe burns.Methods:Totally 46 patients with extremely severe burn in the dust explosion of aluminum powder in Kunshan, Jiangsu province on August 2, 2014 were included in this study. The patients were divided into the survival group and death group according to the prognosis of the patients. The patients' age, sex, burn degree, white blood cell, and lactic acid at admission, lactic acid at 48 h, creatinine, albumin, urine volume, blood calcium, acute physiology and chronic health score system II (APACHE II) and SOFA scores, and 90 d mortality were collected. COX regression analysis was used to analyze the possible relationship between the indicators of the two groups and the prognosis.Results:There were no significant differences in white blood cell at admission, creatinine, albumin, urine volume, SOFA score, and APACHE II score in the survival group compared with those in the death group (all P>0.05) and burn degree, the levels of lactic acid at admission, lactic acid at 48 h and blood calcium were significantly different (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that age, albumin and lactic acid at 48 h were independent predictors of death in patients with severe burn ( P<0.05), and these are independent outcome predictors of patients with severe burns ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Age, albumin level and lactic acid at 48 h are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with severe burns.