Objective To study the dynamic change and prognostic significance of serum IL-18 in acute pancreatitis,and to explore the relationship between the APACHE Ⅱ score and prognosis of. Acute pancreati-tis. Methods According to the clinical diagnosis and criteria for acute pancreatitis, 34 patients with AP were divided into severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group( n = 12 ) and mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) group (n = 22). Sixteen normal individuals were used as the control group ( n = 16.). The serum IL-18 was detected by ELISA. Results IL-18 in the SAP group was higher than that in the MAP group. In the MAP group, there was significant positive correlation between APACHE Ⅱ and IL-18 ( r = 0.98 ,P < 0.01 ). Conclusion IL-18 plays an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis, and it may be a valuable index to predict the severity of AP.

Adjustment of epigenetics is closely related with transfer modulation of tumor-related genes. DNA methylation is one of the significant functions of modulation of genetic epigenetics. Abnormal DNA methylation is intensively involved in generation and development of tumor while DNA methylation is cata- lyzed and maintained by DNA methyltransferase(DNMT). So profound study on funetions of DNMT is of great significance to realize generation of abnormal methylation and functions of abnormal methylation in tumor generation and development.

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CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T- cell (Treg) play essential roles in maintaining self- tolerance, immune homeostasis and cancer immune system. Treg can suppress immune responses against self antigens or non-selfantigens such as tumor antigens. The immunosuppressive functions of Treg are widely acknowledged and have been extensively studied. Recent studies demonstrate the existence of Treg at tumor sites, implying that these Treg may induce antigen-specific and local immune tolerance. This review will discuss the ligands, mechanisms of immune suppression of Treg and its potential roles in cancer therapy.

Colon cancer is a common and deadly disease with high rising incidence rate.Proteomics has already become one of the hot topic and maken great progress in the research of colon cancer pathogenesis,early diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.In recent years,more and more colon cancer-associated biomarkers have been identified through proteomics-based approaches.This review will summarize the research progress of proteomics in colon cancer.

Cirrhosis of the liver results in portal hypertension, which is a tortuous and dilated portal vein. The hemorrhage of digestive tract caused by dilation and rupture of lower esophagus and gastric fundus is the main cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. The treatment methods of digestive tract hemorrhage in liver cirrhosis include drug therapy, endoscopic hemostasis, interventional therapy to control hemorrhage and surgical hemostasis. These methods are mainly used to control hemorrhage and solve hypersplenism, but cannot solve the fundamental problem of cirrhosis. Stem cells can repair damaged liver cells and help restore liver function. Under the guidance of B-ultrasound, precise intrahepatic portal vein puncture and infusion of autologous bone marrow nucleated cells can improve cirrhosis through autologous bone marrow stem cells. Little damage to patients, little risk. Cell therapy combined with conventional therapy can treat both the symptoms and the root causes of digestive tract hemorrhage in cirrhosis.

Objective Probe the value and the operation risk for HIV/AIDS patients with surgical compli-cations. Methods Investigated 27 HIV-infected patients(male 26, female 1, age 27-74 years) were investi-gated. All patients had pre-operative detection of immune function, standardized surgical procedures, careful surgical process to reduce the operation damage, continuous infusion of coagulation factors for haemophilia during operation, conventional application of antibiotics to prevent infection and prompt treatment of compli-cations. Results No incision infected in 8 cases of class one incision, 1 incision infected in 6 cases of class two incision, 3 cases were not healed in 30 days after operation in 13 cases of class three incision. One case died of severe sepsis 12 days after operation, the others discharged with recovery or improvement. Conclu-sion Suitable operation and treatment method may obtain curative effect for HIV-infected patients.

Although significant advances have been made in both the development of therapeutic strate-gies and the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of sepsis, the mortality of severe sepsis and septic shock still remains unacceptably high worldwide. Current prediction models based on socio-demo-graphic and clinical risk factors fail to explain fully why a particular patient either develops or succumbs to sepsis. In recent years epidemiological studies have suggested a strong genetic relationship on the suscepti-bility and outcome of sepsis. With the completion of Human Genome Project and International HapMap Pro-ject, the identification of susceptibal genes contributing to sepsis may allow more precise use of interven-tions, such as targeted therapy of sepsis is an appealing strategy. In this review, we summarize a broad over-view of genetic nomenclature, study designs, and problems of these genetic association studies.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of nutritional support for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and malnutritional patients during perioperative period.Methods The clinical data of 283 HIV-infected patients who were admitted to the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from October 2008 to February 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into malnutritional group and non-malnutritional group according to nutritional condition before operation.Twenty-eight patients with malnutrition (7 patients did not receive perioperative nutritional support due to emergency operation,and they were excluded from the study) and 248 patients in normal nutritional status were enrolled in the study.Nutritional support was given for 5-7 days before operation for patients with malnutrition,and all patients received nutritional support after operation.Differences in the immune function,nutrional status,the incidences of surgical incisional infection and sepsis,and perioperative mortality between the 2 groups were compared.Measurement data were analyzed using the paired t test,and the enumeration data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results The levels of CD4,CD8 and hemoglobin in patients with malnutrition were (205 ± 24)× 106/L,(559 ± 55)× 106/L and (103 ± 24)g/L after perioperative nutritional support,which were significantly higher than (150 ± 33) × 106/L,(491 ± 45) × 106/L and (97 ± 19)g/L before nutritional support (t =-2.561,-1.302,-1.349,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of CD4,CD8 and hemoglobin were (197 ± 43) × 106/L,(547 ± 52) × 106/L and (103 ± 22) g/L at postoperative day 14,which were decreased compared with those after nutritional support,while no significant difference was detected (t =-1.108,0.600,-0.148,P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of incisional infection in patients with malnutrition was 42.9％ (12/28),which was lower than 45.2％ (112/248) of patients in normal nutritional status,with no significant difference (P ＞0.05).The incidence of postoperative sepsis and perioperative mortality were 75.0％ (21/28)and 3.6％ (1/28) in patients with malnutrition after operation,which were significantly higher than 32.7％ (81/248)and 0.8％ (2/248) in patients in normal nutritional status (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The mobidity of HIV-infected patients is high,and nutritional support for HIV-infected patients during perioperative period can improve their immunity.