The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal disorders of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells characterized by the presence of ineffective hematopoiesis and an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).In the 54th ASH annual meeting,lots of new discoveries about the molecular mechanisms (such as mutations in ASXL1 and Dido1) behind MDS and the relationship between the mechanisms and the clinical outcomes were introduced.On therapy,novel agents based on the molecular mechanisms occured extending survival.Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative therapy,there' re also many developments in HSCT reported in the meeting.

The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS),which are characterized by the presence of ineffective hematopoiesis and an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML),are a group of clonal disorders deriving from damage of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.In the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting,lots of new discoveries about the pathogenesis of MDS and the role of the pathogenesis in the clinical outcomes and treatment were introduced.There were also many developments in the treatment of MDS including drug therapies and Hematopoietic stem cell tranplantation (HSCT) reported in the meeting.

Objective This study was designed to investigate the expression of human telmerase reverse transcriptase (HTERT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its clinical significance.Methods Expression of HTERT in NPC and dysplasia of nasopharyngeal epithelium and chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal epithelium were determined by immunocytochemical staining.The results were analysed,compared with the clinical TNM stage ,lymph node metastasis ,other places metastasis and prognostic survivals of the NPC patients.Results Positive rate of HTERT in NPC was 83 7%(70/84),while positive rate of HTERT in dysplasia of nasopharyngeal epithelium and chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal epithelium both were 0 0%(0/8 and 0/16) (P0 05).The median survival of HTERT positive group was shorter than the nagative one.Conclusions Expression of HTERT may be a potential marker for clinical diagnosis of NPC and may has significance in predicting clinical TNM stage, metastasis and prognostic survival of the NPC patients.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of imprint cytology for intracranial tumors during operation. Methods 150 cases of intracranial tumors were diagnosed by imprint cytology. The imprint was prepared by touching the specimens several times with clean slide, and then the slides were fixed and stained with HE. The diagnostic results obtained by imprint cytology were compared with those made by frozen and routine paraffin sections. Results The accurant rates of diagnosing for non-glial tumors, classifying for incracranial tumors and grading for glial tumors were 100%, 91.3% and 88.3%, respectively. In addition, the morphological features of glial tumors, meningioma, pituitary adenoma on imprint cytology were briefly described. Conclusion The accurant rate of imprint cytology is almost equal to that of frozen section, and both the detection methods have a supplementary effect to each other.

Objective To evaluate the techniques and effects of post-operational surgery of colorectal cancer for metastatic tumor on caudate lobe of liver. Methods For the patients admitted from Jan. 1999 to Jan. 2007 to the Navy General Hospital of PLA and undergone metastasectomy on caudate lobe of liver after colorectal cancer operation, the operative procedure and effects were studied retrospectively. Results A total of 18 cases of metastasectomy on caudate lobe of liver were successfully performed. The mean diameter of the metastases was 6.3cm (3.2-11.3cm). The types of operation included total caudate lobectomy (6 cases), total caudate lobectomy combined with extended hepatectomy (9 cases) and partial caudate lobectomy (3 cases). The mean operative time was 198min (154-360min) and the average intraoperative blood loss was 975ml (400-3250ml). No intraoperative death occurred, while the remarkable complications were found in 5 cases (27.8%). The survival rates of follow up for 1, 3 and 5 years were 83.3%, 61.1% and 27.8%, respectively. Conclusions The metastases on caudate lobe of liver after colorectal carcinoma resection usually involve all the hepatic portals. Surgical resection, though sophisticated in technique, remains to be a safe and effective treatment, and the first choice for treating metastases.

Objective To establish a multiplex suspension array for simultaneously detecting five species of important arbovirus: dengue virus (including four serotypes), japanese B encephalitis virus, west nile virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus and yellow fever virus. Method All published genomic sequences of the above arboviruses were collected from GeneBank, and then, the genus universal primers and specific probes were designed according to the conservative and specific NS5 region of the genus Flavivirus. The amine-modified probes were covalently coupled to different carboxylated microspheres by carbodiimide methods. By combining general RT-PCR with virus-specific probe hybridization, a Luminex xMAP system-based suspension array, which could simultaneously differentiate five arboviruses and discriminate 1～4 serotypes of dengue virus, was successfully established. Results A cutoff value twice higher than that of the background fluorescence was judged as positive reaction. RT-PCR products of many arboviruses were used to evaluate the specificity and repeatability of the array, the results showed that the assay was highly specific and had good repeatability. Meanwhile, the coefficient of variability was less than 8% from inter- and intra- assay, implying that both the repeatability and stability of the array were good. Furthermore, several viruses which had been quantitated by plaque assay were used to determine the array’s sensitivity. The results showed that the array’s detection limits were about 1.4 PFU for JBEV and YFV, 14 PFU for WNV respectively. 55 clinical and cultured samples were detected by the established assay, 16 out of the 55 samples were confirmed to be positive. There was only one sample which was not detected contrasted with conventional RT-PCR. However, it had advantages in detecting complex samples rapidly. Conclusion A multiplex suspension array for simultaneously detecting and serotyping five species of important arboviruses has been successfully developed, and it may play an important role in diseases diagnosis and prevention as well as epidemiological studies.

ctive method for previously untreated ITP patients and maintenece treatment with small-dose dexamethasone between high-dose dexamethasone contributes to improve the long-term curative effect.

Objective To prove the prophylactic function of absorbable gelatin sponge and bioprotein glue for prevention of epidural and nerve root scar adhesions after laminectomy. Methods We excised the L6 vertebral plates of 36 adult New Zealand male rabbits,to make vertebral plate excision model and to find nerve root. Then divided them into 3 groups based on different materials:gelatin sponge and bioproten glue (group A),gelatin sponge (group B) and saline solution (group C). The morphological changes of the scars were observed grossly and histologically at 2 and 8 weeks after operation. We also measured the orbit of the nerve root. Results Gelatin sponge combining with bioprotein glue can reduce adhesion obviously(P

Objective To investigate the expression of HLA-DR and distribution of dendritic cells(DC) in endometrial carcinoma and to evaluate their influence on clinical staging and prognosis.Methods The 86 cases of patients with endometrial carcinomas were detected by immunohistochemical SP method for HLA-DR and S100 positive dendritic cells,and the predictive value in clinical stage and prognosis were analyzed.Results The positive rate of HLA-DR expression was 27.9%(24/86),which was decreased with the increase of clinical staging(P0.05).There were 46.5%(40/86) of the cases with a dense infiltrate(≥10/HPF) of S100 positive DC.There was significant difference on the density of DC infiltrating among the patients with different clinical stages and prognosis(all P

Objective To discuss the resection technique for pancreatic carcinoma in patients with tumour(invasion) to the portal and/or superior mesentery vein,and the clinical significance of palliative resection of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 71 cases of pancreatic carcinoma operated on within a period of 3 years were retrospectively reviewed.In patients with tumour invasion to the portal vein,a method of direc transection of pancreas was used in resection of the tumor,and was combined with local radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Results The resection rate was 57.75%.The complication rate was 22.54%.One patient died of multiple organ failure resulting from pneumonia.The survival rate at 6m,1-and 2-years was 100%,81.69%,and 40.85% respectively.Conclusions The direct transection method of pancreas(resection) is a simple and safe method to increase resection rate and prolong survival time for patients with(advanced) pancreatic carcinoma.