OBJECTIVE To investigate the HIV infections states in tumor patients for clinical diagnosis,treatment and to prevent HIV infection in the tumor hospital.METHODS The result of HIV detection in tumor patients from Dec 2000 to Aug 2006 was analyzed by the review statistics analysis.RESULTS Totally 48 101 tumor paients were detected,and the number of tumor patients with positive HIV antibody result was 51(0.106%).Among the positive patients there were 21 cases with blood transfusion history,14 cases with blood donating experience,2 cases with both these two kinds of experiences and 14 cases without the two kinds of experiences.Their rate was separately 41.0%,27.5%,4.0% and 27.5%.Most of the HIV positive patients had no clinical synptoms.CONCLUSIONS The HIV positive rate of patients with blood transfusion or blood donating is significantly higher than the patients without these experiences.The routine detection for the HIV before the operation,blood transfusion or other traumatic detection is very necessary.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between collgen (Col) IV, VEGF secreted by the tumor cells and vasculogenic mimicry (VM).

METHODS158 bi-phase differential malignant tumor specimens were alloted and made into tissue microarray. These tissue microarray sections were stained with CD31, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Col IV. Subsequently, distributive trait of Col IV and the difference of VEGF expression were analyzed.

RESULTSThe basement membrane of VM was PAS and Col IV positive. The expression of VEGF in bi-phase differential malignant tumor with VM was less than that in those without VM. The difference of VEGF expression in malignant melanoma and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma was significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCollgen IV and periodic acid-Schiff positive material take part in constructing the basement membrane of vasculogenic mimicry. The difference of the VEGF expression proves that vasculogenic mimicry can sustain the tumor blood supply.

Collagen Type IV ; analysis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neoplasms ; blood supply ; chemistry ; pathology ; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mode of angiogenesis between highly invasive malignant melanoma and poorly invasive malignant melanoma by immunohistochemistry and periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) and to discuss whether the tumor cells in highly invasive malignant melanoma carry vasculogenic mimicry through self-metamorphosis, thus acquiring blood supply to sustain their growth.

METHODSThirty cases of highly invasive malignant melanoma and 30 cases of poorly invasive malignant melanoma were retrieved and reprocessed as tissue microarray for further investigations. The tissue microarray sections were then stained with CD34 and PAS; and the positivity rates were compared.

RESULTSThere was a significant difference between CD34 and PAS staining in highly invasive malignant melanoma (P < 0.01). The difference was not statistically significant in poorly invasive malignant melanoma (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONVasculogenic mimicry exists in some cases of highly invasive malignant melanoma. It is possible that the tumor cells can acquire blood supply to sustain growth and metastasize via this mechanism.

Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins ; analysis ; Melanoma ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Melanoma-Specific Antigens ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo establish a method of SYT-SSX fusion gene detection by FISH and to explore its diagnostic value for synovial sarcoma.

METHODSThe presence of SYT-SSX fusion gene was determined by FISH using a tissue microarray containing 62 known synovial sarcomas, 60 non-synovial sarcomas and 133 equivocal synovial sarcomas. FISH results were compared with those of RT-PCR published previously.

RESULTSOverall, 96.9% (247/255) of the cases were successfully analyzed by FISH. The sensitivity of FISH for known synovial sarcomas was 96.7% (58/60), and the specificity for the non-synovial sarcoma was 100% (59/59). Moreover, SYT-SSX gene fusion was detected in 78.1% (100/128) of the equivocal synovial sarcomas. The concordance rate between FISH and RT-PCR was 83.6% (102/122) in those equivocal synovial sarcomas, and overall 79.7% (106/133) of these cases were confirmed as synovial sarcomas either by RT-PCR or by FISH.

CONCLUSIONSThe sensitivity and specificity of FISH detection of SYT-SSX fusion gene are high. FISH and RT-PCR are complementary to each other in the confirmation of synovial sarcomas, particularly those questionable cases.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; analysis ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Pathology, Molecular ; methods ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics

Objective To analyze the normal anatomy of petrosal vein and the space adjacent relationship between the petrosal vein and the homolateral trigeminal nerve by balanced turbo field echo (B-TFE) Cine-MR imaging and enhanced T1 high-resolution isotropic volume excitation (e-THRIVE)imaging.Methods Forty-one patients with facial spasm and epileptiform neuralgia were selected and taken a scan with ACHIEVA NOVA DUAL A-serial 1.5T MR machine using the BTFE and e-THRIVE series.The space adjacent relationship between the petrosal vein and the trigeminal nerve in cerebellopontine angle were observed.Results The 82 sides of petrosal veins and homolateral trigeminal nerves (41 cases) were displayed well.Petrosal veins were located in cavitas subarachnoidealis,partly in free state; the number of trunk ofpetrosal vein could be 1,2,3,respectively,responding to 70 (86%),10 (12%),2 (2%).The petrosal veins located in the dorsal-lateral of trigeminal nerve were found in 74 sides (37 cases,91%,by BTFE,e-THRIVE series),the petrosal veins located in the ventri-lateral of trigeminal nerve in 6 sides (3 cases,7%,by e-THRIVE series),and the petrosal veins located in the right upon trigeminal nerve in 2 sides (1 cases,2%,by BTFE series).Conclusion B-TFE MR imaging and e-THR/VE imaging,showing the petrosal veins and trigeminal nerves clearly and evaluating their relationship accurately,can provide information of topographic anatomy before microsurgical vascular decompression.

Objective To survey the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and fractional anisotropy (FA) value ofpontine cistern section of the trigeminal nerve, and understand the characteristics of various parameters of trigeminal nerve pontine cistern section. Methods The distances from pontine cistern section of the trifacial nerve to 0, 3, 6 and 9 mm of brain stem in 50 healthy volunteers were recorded, and fusion images of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with B-TFE or THRIVE were achieved to improve the spatial resolution of the pontine cistern section of the trifacial nerve; their ADC value and FA value were recorded, separately. Tracing image formation was noted in the pontine cistern section of the trigeminal or trifacial nerve. Results The ADC and FA results of the left side and right flank of pontine cistern section of the trifacial nerve in these healthy volunteers were not statistically different (P＜0.05). The closer to the brain stem, the more asymmetrical tendency of distance from pontine cistern section of the trifacial nerve to 0, 3, 6 and 9 mm of brain stem between both sides. DTI indicated that the ADC values between each 2 distances from pontine cistern section of the trifacial nerve to 0, 3, 6 and 9 mum of brain stem between both sides were significantly different: the ADC values increased along with the distance elevating gradually, but rotated suddenly at the line of 6-9 mm. The FA value increased in 0-6 mm along with the distance reducing gradually, and the neighboring 2 distances had remarkably statistical difference, but the FA value no longer obviously changed from the line of 6-9 mm. Conclusion DTI can distinguish the two-sided trigeminal nerve brain pond section clearly, and may realize each item of DTI. Regular changes are noted in FA and ADC values along with the different distances from pontine cistern section of the trifacial nerve to 0, 3, 6 and 9 mm of brain stem,indicating that DTI enjoys perspective in being clear about the discrimination of cranial nerve CNS section, the change-over portion and the PNS section, and in detecting the cranial nerve vascular compression.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a chronic and recurrent autoimmune disease, which seriously affects the life quality of patients. At present, a series of new advances have been made in the pathogenesis of ITP, particularly, in the abnormal cellular immunity. However, in the medical studiess generally research of ITP cellular immunity was limited. Therefore, it is urgent to establish an ideal ITP model for the study of ITP pathogenesis, so as to contribute to promote the ITP new treatment progeamme. In this review, the passive modeling inclinding anti-platelet serum modeling, monoclonal antiboty modeling, and active modeling including NZW× BXSB rat modeling, antigenic mimicry modeling, immune splenic cell transplantation modeling, transgenic model, fetal and neonatal allsimmune thrombocytopenia modeling and so on, are summarized.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) from sibling donors for treatment of multiple myeloma (MM).

METHODSTen patients with MM received allo-PBSCT with conditioning consisting of fludarabine plus melphalan and cyclophosphamide mostly.CsA plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and short-term MTX were applied to prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) in 8 patients, FK506 plus short-term MTX in other 2 patients.

RESULTSAll patients engrafted successfully, the median time for ANC > 0.5 × 10(9)/L was 16 (12 - 24) days, and for BPC > 20 × 10(9)/L 23 (16 - 102) days. Five patients developed acute GVHD, and only one III-IV aGVHD. Of 9 patients, 7 developed chronic GVHD. The transplant-related mortality (TRM) at 100 days was 10% (1/10), mainly from heart and renal failure and severe infection. The 1-year expected overall survival (OS), 1-year disease-free survival (DFS) and relapse rate were 67.5%, 55.56% and 11.11% respectively. Up to now, 6 patients were still alive, of them 1 patient have survived over 99 months after allo-PBSCT.

CONCLUSIONYoung MM patients having HLA-identical sibling donors well tolerated allo-PBSCT based on fludarabine to prolong their OS by reducing TRM, though further work is warranted.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; surgery ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Siblings ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of the human mammoglobin (hMAM) mRNA in bone marrow and its clinical significance in the breast cancer patient.

METHODSExpression of hMAM mRNA was detected using nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the bone marrow aspiration sample from 75 breast cancer patients, 15 patients with benign breast lesions and 8 healthy volunteers as control. The possible correlation of hMAM mRNA expression with clinico-pathological parameters and related molecular markers such as Ki67, p53 and VEGF were analyzed.

RESULTSThe sensitivity of RT-PCR in this series reached 10(-6). The hMAM mRNA was found to be positively expressed by RT-PCR in 21 of 75 breast cancer patients with a positive rate of 28.0%. However, hMAM mRNA expression was not detected in the bone marrow aspiration samples from patients with benign breast lesions and healthy volunteers. The hMAM mRNA expression was positively correlated with axillary nodal involvement and progesterone receptor (PR) status (P < 0.05) as well as Ki67 expression in breast cancer tissue (chi2 = 4.936, P = 0.026), but not with age, tumor size, clinical stage, or estrogen receptor (ER) status (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRT-PCR is quite sensitive and has a high specificity in detecting the presence of hMAM mRNA in the bone marrow from breast cancer patients. Thereupon, hMAM mRNA may be useful as a molecular biomarker in detecting disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow of breast cancer patients. Positive hMAM mRNA expression result may have an impact upon therapeutic recommendations and patients' prognostic judgement.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; pathology ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms, Male ; genetics ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; genetics ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Mammaglobin A ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Receptors, Progesterone ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uteroglobin ; genetics

Substantial evidence strongly implies that sensory gating P50 (also called P50 auditory evoked potential, P50) and dopaminergic neurotransmitters are related. In animal experiment, P50 can be recorded in an awake and quiet state with freedom of movement. Until now there is lack of animal experimental data on the supportive effect of estrogen on function of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra (SN) in physiological state. In the present study, female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used as subjects. The animals were divided randomly into four groups: (1) control group (normal animals); (2) Parkinson's disease (PD) model group: the right SN was lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA); (3) PD model with bilateral ovariectomized group (OVX-PD): bilateral ovariectomy was performed before administration with 6-OHDA; (4) estrogen + PD model with bilateral ovariectomized group (OVX-E(2)-PD): physiological dose of estrogen was given to the bilateral ovariectomy animals before administration with 6-OHDA. P50 induced by two brief acoustic stimuli were recorded in the right SN and the number of TH(+) dopaminergic neurons in the SN stained by immunohistochemistry was calculated after the determination of P50. The results showed that in the PD model group, the testing/conditioning (T/C) ratio of P50 decreased by 40.60% and the number of TH(+) cells in the right SN decreased by 64.74% as compared with that in the control group (P<0.01); In the OVX-PD group, the T/C ratio of P50 decreased by 45.88% and the number of TH(+) cells was reduced by 57.26% as compared with that in the PD group (P<0.01). Administration with 6-OHDA into the SN pars compacta of ovariectomized rats caused more decrease in the number of TH(+) cells as well as more damage to the function of sensory gating in SN. While in OVX-E(2)-PD group, intramuscular injection with estrogen at physiological dose 3 d before 6-OHDA administration decreased the degree of damage to the SN functionally and morphologically, and its degree of injury corresponded to PD group. These results indicate that the mechanism of protection of dopaminergic neurons in the SN provided by physiological level of estrogen is by promoting the resistibility of the neurons to harmful stimulation. If the gonads are resected resulting in a lack of estrogen, the degree of injury to the function and morphology of dopaminergic neurons in SN induced by 6-OHDA increases. Replacement of estrogen at physiological level on time is necessary. Sensory gating P50 in SN may reflect dynamically the protection of estrogen against dopaminergic neurons depletion in vivo.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; drug effects ; Estrogens ; pharmacology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Female ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Oxidopamine ; adverse effects ; Parkinson Disease ; physiopathology ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substantia Nigra ; cytology ; drug effects