Aim To observe the effect of agiophyllum oligo saccharides ( AOS) on reducing blood sugar, im-proving insulin resistance on diadetic Goto-Kakizaki ( GK) rats, and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods The type 2 diabetes GK rats were divided into six groups: model control group ( MC ) , Glenn benzene urea group ( GLB ) , high agriophyllum squar-rosum coarse oligosaccharides ( AOS-H ) , medium ( AOS-M ) , low dose group ( AOS-L ) , homologous Wistar rats as normal control ( NC ) . All animals were administered with AOS by oral gavage, for 8 weeks. The fasting blood glucose ( FBG) , random blood sugar ( RBG) , glucose tolerance ( OGTT) were tested before and after administration. No fasting sugar load status before and after dosing changes in blood glucose and serum insulin level in rats were measured in the previ-ous 8 weeks. At the end of administration, the fasting serum glucose ( FPG) , insulin ( FINS) , OGTT and in-sulin resistance index ( HOMA IR) in fasting rats were analyzed. Lastly, the pathological changing of pancreas was observed by HE staining. Results The blood glucose of fasting GK rats was not influenced after using AOS. However, the random blood glucose significantly reduced, the glucose tolerance was improved and AUC was obviously reduced (P < 0. 01) after using AOS. The best effect was on AOS-M group, which was similar with Glenn benzene urea. Through our research, we found AOS could promote release of insulin. This best effect was on AOS-M and AOS-L groups, and the time and quantity of release were better than Glenn benzene urea. Finally, AOS inhibited the pathological changes of islet tissue on GK rats, increased the quantity of pancreas and islet cells. Compared with model group, the changing of islet structure was significantly reduced in AOS group. Conclusion AOS could obviously improve insulin resistance and lower blood sugar, and the mechanism of this effect may be related with rapidly promoting insulin release, increasing the islet cell proliferation,and improving the function of islet.

Objective To investigate the in vitro effect of low dosage of paclitaxel on normal murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(mDCs)and its role in reactivating tumor-pulsed DCs. Methods The concentration of paclitaxel which could induce 30% apoptosis of 3LL cell lines was figured out.mDCs were generated from murine bone marrow precursors.Cell culture insert system was used and four groups were divided as following: mDC,mDC+3LL,mDC+ low dose of paclitaxel,and mDC+3LL with 30% apoptosis induced by low dose of paclitaxel.The phenotypes,chemoattractive function to MIP1? and MIP-3?,and viability in activating allogeneic T cell proliferation of DCs in the four groups were analysed. Results Paclitaxel of 50 nmol/L could induce 30% apoptosis of 3LL,and had protective effects on DCs.It could stimulate the maturation of mDCs by up-regulating the phenotypes of CD11cCD80,CD11cCD86,CD11cCD40 and CD11cCDIab,and could enhance the chemoattractive function to chemokine MIP-3?.Compared with those cocultured with 3LL,DCs pulsed with apoptosis antigen of 3LL cell which was induced by 50 nmol/L paclitaxl up-regulated the phenotype of CD11cCD40,enhanced the the chemoattractive function to MIP1? and MIP-3?,and activated the proliferation of T cells. Conclusion Paclitaxel of 50 nmol/L can stimulate the maturation of DC,and can partially recover the phenotype and function of tumor-pulsed DC.

Objective To analyze the treatment and prognosis of lung cancer patients with brain metastases.Methods The clinical data of 352 lung cancer patients with brain metastases were retrospectively reviewed.According to the treatment modalities,patients were divided into palliative therapy group(n=28),simple whole brain radiotherapy(WBRT)or chemotherapy group(n=49)and comprehensive treatment group(n=275).Comprehensive treatment group was subdivided into WBRT plus chemotherapy group(n=192),stereotactic radiosurgery(?knife)plus chemotherapy/WBRT group(n=72,n=16 for?knife plus chemotherapy and n=56 for?knife plus WBRT and chemotherapy)and neurosurgical resection plus chemotherapy/WBRT group(n=11).In comprehensive treatment group,111 patients received chemotherapy≤3 cycles,and the other 164≥4 cycles.Survival curves of each group were drawn respectively,and both survival time and survival rates were compared among groups.Results The median survival time of palliative therapy group,simple WBRT or chemotherapy group,WBRT plus chemotherapy group,?knife plus chemotherapy/WBRT group and neurosurgical resection plus chemotherapy/WBRT group was 1.7,3.2,9.0,11.6 and 17.1 months,respectively.It was revealed by survival analysis that WBRT plus chemotherapy group was better than simple WBRT or chemotherapy group (P=0.0000),?knife plus chemotherapy/WBRT group was better than simple WBRT or chemotherapy group(P=0.0000),and neurosurgical resection plus chemotherapy/WBRT group was better than simple WBRT or chemotherapy group and WBRT plus chemotherapy group(P=0.0001,P=0.0229).There was no significant difference in survival rates between neurosurgical resection plus chemotherapy/WBRT group and?knife plus chemotherapy/WBRT group(P=0.2543),and there was no significant difference in survival rates between those with?knife plus chemotherapy and those with?knife plus WBRT and chemotherapy(P=0.3804).In comprehensive treatment group,the survival rates of those with chemotherapy≥4 cycles was significantly higher than that of those with chemotherapy≤3 cycles(P=0.0000). Conclusion Both WBRT plus chemotherapy and?knife plus chemotherapy and WBRT are effective modalities for the treatment of lung cancer patients with brain metastases,and the latter has the tendency to gain more survival benefit.There is no significant difference in the survival time between patients receiving?knife with WBRT and those without.It is proper for the patients to have no less than 4 cycles of chemotherapy.

Abdominal multivisceral transplantation is a new and proved effective therapeutic methods for two or more terminal abdominal organs. Upper abdominal exenteration(resection of the liver,stomach,spleen,pancreaticoduodenal complex,and part of the colon) for the treatment of otherwise unresectable tumors is one of the more radical operations in oncology.Some new surgical methods such as liver-intestinal,liver-kidney,pancreas-kidney and multivisceral cluster transplantation have emerged recently.These new advance surgical approache improve the curative effect of abdominal organ transplantation.

Objective To study the effects of calcitonin on bone mineral density(BMD), bone strength and bone fragile fracture in osteoporosis. Methods This is a one year, single centered, prospective and randomized, opening study: 135 patients with osteoporosis were divided into calcitonin+calcium group and calcium group. Patients of calcitonin+calcium group received salmon calcitonin(Miacalcic was injected intramuscularly, 50 IU/day in first week, 50 IU/two days in second week and 50 IU/twice/week later) and calcium(calcium 600 mg/day), patients in another group received calcium(calcium 600 mg/day). The determination markers included serum calcium, serum phosphate, serum alkline phosphatase, osteocalcin and urine hydroxyproline before and after treatment, at same time all patients were examined by DEXA(lumbar, hip) and QUS(radius, tibia). Results After 1 year treatment, 53 patients of calcitonin+calcium group and 59 patients of calcium group were followed up. In calcitonin+calcium group, BMD of lumbar spine increased about 1%(P

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate combined with alprostadil in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. METHODS:56 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into treatment group(36 cases)and control group(20 cases). Control group was given tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate 60 mg intravenously,qd,for 10 days. Treatment was additionally given Alprostadil injection 10 μg intravenously,30 min drop lrote,qd,the two group for 10 days,on the basis of control group. Therapeutic efficacy and BI were observed at the end of a treatment course. RESULTS:The ef-fective rate of treatment group and control group were 91.67% and 75.00%,with statistical significance(P<0.05). BI score of 2 groups after treatment were better than before,and the treatment group was better than the control group after treatment,with statis-tical significance (P<0.05). No obvious ADR wad found in both groups. CONCLUSIONS:Tanshinone ⅡA sulfonate combined with alprostadil is effective in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction with good safety.

By means of a comprehensive coverage of the numbers,distribution,makeup and efficiency of health human resources in China,a comparative study was made as to the deployment for the present stage.It reveals the following findings:sufficient human resources in general,with its growth lagging behind economic development; out-of-balance deployment; irrational makeup as shown in the inverse ratio between doctors and nurses; good efficiency of the health professionals.Based on these findings,the researchers put forward the feasible policy suggestions as to optimizing the mechanisms of the introduction,training,evaluation and incentives for these professionals.

Ten glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates and one benzyl alcohol glycoside were isolated from the dry tuber of Pleione bulbocodioides, which is a specie of Orchidaceae family and its dry tuber is one of the main sources of traditional Chinese medicine "shanci-gu", by a combination of various column chromatographic methods, including ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sepheadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of chemical evidences and spectroscopic analysis asloroglossin (1), grammatophylloside A (2), cronupapine (3), (-)-(2R, 3S)-1-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-4-methyl-2-isobutyltartrate (4), vandateroside II (5), grammatophylloside B (6), bis [4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy) -benzyl] (S) -2-isopropylmalate (7), gymnoside I (8), militarine (9), dactylorhin A (10), gastrodin (11). Compounds 1-7 were isolated from this genus for the firt time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Malates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To compare effectiveness,performance,onset time and complications between ultrasound-guided cervical transverse process block and interscalene brachial plexus block in patients undergoing proximal humeral surgeries.Methods Sixty patients,27 males and 33 females, aged 18-70 years,scheduled for proximal humeral surgeries were randomly divided into two groups. They were given either cervical transverse process block (group T,n =30)or ultrasound-guided in-terscalene brachial plexus block (group I,n =30).All patients received a total of 8 ml of 0.5% ropiv-acaine.The performance, anesthetic onset time, the side effects and block success rate were evaluated.Results Block procedure was quicker in group T than in group I [(8.73 ±3.1 7)min vs. (14.40±8.21)min,P <0.01].The severity of diaphragmatic paralysis in group T was significantly lower than in group I (P <0.01).The ultrasound-guided cervical transverse process block was more effective than the interscalene brachial plexus block in patients undergoing proximal humeral surgeries (100% vs.80%,P <0.05).Conclusion The ultrasound-guided cervical transverse process block has a higher success rate and fewer incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis than the interscalene brachial plexus block in patients undergoing proximal humeral surgeries.

Objective:To establish the optimal extraction technology of Xiaoer Yinqiao granules by orthogonal test. Methods:The effects of water amount,extraction duration and extraction times were investigated by orthogonal design using the contents of forsythia-side A and chlorogenic acid as the indices. Results: The optimum extraction process was as follows: adding 8-fold amount of water, and extracting 1. 5 h for the first time, and then adding 6-fold amount of water, extracting 1 h for the second and third time, respective-ly. Conclusion:The extraction technology is simple, reasonable and reliable.