Background Researches have suggested that the defocus can induce the change of static visual acuity,but whether it produce influence on dynamic visual acuity is not clear.Objective This study was to investigate the impact of myopic defocus on static visual acuity and dynamic visual acuity and explore the essential difierence between static visual acuity and dynamic visual acuity. Methods Forty volunteers were enrolled in this trial.including 20 adults with the age of 27.4±1.64 years and 20 children with the age of 11.70+1.49 years.All the eyes of subjects received regular examined to excluded the eye disease with the best corrected vision of ≥1.0 D,astigmatism of ≤0.75 D and anisometropia ＜1.50 D.+1.00 D,+1.50 D,+2.00 D,+2.50 D slasses were ware respectively for the defocus on the foundation of full correction.Dynamic visual acuity was inspected by using selfmade DVA-I training software.and static visual acuity wag tested by static visual acuity chart (Precision Vision,CAT.NO.2125).This clinical trial complied with the Helsinki Declaration and obtained the approval of Ethic Committee of Wenzhou Medical College.Written informed consent was received from each individual prior to the protocol. Results The dynamic and static visual acuities were gradually decreased with the elevation of defocus (F=506.907,P=0.000).No significant differences were found between static visual acuity and dynamic visual acuity in adult or children at various defocus(P＞0.05).The regression linear analysis showed that a positive correlation between static visual acuity with defoeus(R2=0.819,t=26.72,P=0.000) or dynamic visual acuity with defoeus(R2=0.826,t=27.42,P=0.000).The slope and intercept between defocus with static visual acuity were steeper than that between defocus and dynamic visual acuity (slope:F=34.18,P=0.000;intercept:F=1005.56,P=0.001). Conclusion The effect of defocus on static visual acuity is different from that of dynamic visual acuity.It could be speculated that dynamic visual acuity is related not only to refractive systems but also other factor.

From cooperation between World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) and World Health Organization, works of academics and standardization, acupuncture-moxibustion education, technique service, organization development, etc., the 27-year development of WFAS since 1987 was summarized and reviewed in details. The growth of WFAS witnesses and promotes the development of acupuncture and moxibustion in the world, so by learning the experience and lessons, WFAS could have a wider path, becoming a core organization for communicating and promoting the development of acupuncture, even the traditional medicine in the world.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; organization & administration ; standards ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; standards ; Global Health ; history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; history ; standards ; Societies ; history ; World Health Organization

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Chest Tubes ; Erythromycin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Thoracic Cavity ; drug effects ; pathology ; Thoracic Diseases ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

The history of the World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS) was reviewed through summarizing the background and process of the establishment of WFAS. The establishment background was explained in different aspects, named the recovery of acupuncture-Moxibustion in the world, the successive setup of world acupuncture-Moxibustion organizations, the divergences of International Association of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, striding forward of China reform and opening policy as well as the attention of the World Health Organization (WHO), etc. The establishment of WFAS was introduced on the proposal from eight countries, the important time of the development of acupuncture and moxibustion in China, 1984, divergences and consensus as well as the final phase. The official establishment of WFAS represents the global benefits of acupuncture-Moxibustion colleagues. It is the international organization of acupuncture and moxibustion, contributing to the promotion of acupuncture and moxibustion in the world.
Acupuncture ; history ; organization & administration ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; history ; Societies, Medical ; history

Adult ; Aged ; Anthracosis ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the distribution of acquired carbapenemases in carbapenemresistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and explore its role in epidemiology of nosocomial infection. Methods From November 2008 to March 2009, twenty clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from children hospitalized in Wuhan children's hospital. MICs of antibiotics were tested by DNA of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Modified Hodge test was used to screen strains producing carbapenemases,combined imipenem(IPM)-EDTA , meropenem(MEM)- EDTA and ceftazidime(CAZ) - EDTA double-disk synergy test (DDST) were used to detect metallo-β-lactamase-producing. PCR amplification of the carbapenemase and integrase genes, and sequencing were performed. Plasmid conjugation transfer experiments and Southern hybridization were applied to study the mode of drug resistance transmission. Results Four types of Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected by PFGE, type A consisted of 5 strains, including 3 strains of type Al and 2 strains of type A2), type B (2 strains), type C (12strains) and type D (1 strain). Type A and C were the main drug resistant clones. Eight strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae carried both KPC-2 and IMP-4 genes, 10 strains carried IMP-4 gene, 2 strains carried KPC-2 gene. None of NDM-1 ,GIM, SPM, SIM, OXA-23, and VIM carbapenemase genes was detected in 20 isolates. All of 20 isolates carried lntl which were found to be located on bacterial chromosome by Southern blot. Conclusions KPC-2and IMP-4 genes are the major carbapenemase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in Wuhan.Transmission of drug resistance is mainly through vertical transmission of type C resistant clone and horizontal transmission of Intl on bacteria chromosome.

In order to identify the chemical constituents of Yushu tablets comprehensively, we studied the chemical constituents of CHCl3 extract from Yushu tablets by the ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS). It showed that there were more than 100 compounds separated, and forty-nine peaks among these were identified on the basis of high resolution mass spectrometry data and literature data reported. Determination of twelve peaks was further confirmed by standard substances. These components assigned to the different plant sources mainly included phenylpropanoids, triterpenoids, quinones and m-trihydroxybenzene compounds. By analyzing the chemical components of CHCl3 extract from compound Chinese medicine Yushu tablets comprehensively, this study provided the foundation for studying chemical components, pharmacodynamic substance and quality control of Yushu tablets.

In the treatment of 48 cases of peripheral facial paralysis by puncturing Yangbai (GB 14)toward Yuyao (Ex-HN 4), Dicang (ST 4) toward Jiache (ST 6), Xiaguan (ST 7) toward Jiache (ST 6),Sibai (ST 2) toward Quanliao (SI 18), Baihui (GV 20) toward Taiyang (Ex-HN 5), Yintang (Ex-HN 3)toward Shangen (Ex-HN), Cuanzhu (BL 2) toward Jingming (BL 1), and Hegu (LI 4) toward Laogong (PC 8) on the sick side, with other acupoints added in accordance with the symptoms, the results showed cure in 39 cases, remarkable effect in 7 cases, failure in 2 cases, and the curative rate in 81.2% and the effective rate in 95.8%.

Objective To investigate the relationship between diameter of early gastric cancer as well as lymph node metastasis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and Matrix metalloproteinases-7(MMP-7)in gastric cancer. Method VEGF and MMP-7 expressions of gastric cancer tissue in 55 cases were examined by immumohistochemical assay. The diagnosis was confirmed by mucous stain and pathology. Results The level of VEGF and MMP-7 expression in group of early gastric cancer with diameter ≤ 10 mm was significantly lower than that of diameter ≥ 10 mm and ≤ 20 mm (P0.05). Conclusion It is significant that relation of the diameter of early gastric cancer with VEGF and MMP-7 expression, the cases of strongly positive over-expression of both VEGF and MMP-7 in tissue of patients with early gastric cancer are accompanied by more likelihood of lymph node metastasis.

Objective Zika virus disease is an acute infectious disease caused by Zika virus transmitted through Aedes mosquitoes. To explore the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Zika virus disease, the treatment process of the first imported case in China was reviewed. Methods The first imported Zika virus disease in China was admitted to Ganxian People's Hospital in Jiangxi Province on February 6th, 2016, and the patient received isolation treatment for 9 days and cured later. The effect of antiviral treatments including Xiyanping injection was evaluated based on clinical diagnosis and treatment process of the patient. Results A 34-year old male patient was admitted with chief complaint of fever for 9 days, orbital pain and itching rash for 4 days on February 6th, 2016. ① Epidemiological characteristics: the patient was bitted by mosquitoes during his business trip in Venezuela since January 1st, where Zika virus disease was spreading. On January 20th he had dizziness without fever, and the symptom disappeared after taking medicines without details. Paroxysmal dizziness, chills and mild fever without myalgia was experienced on January 28th. On February 3rd small red rash appeared in the neck, spreading to anterior part of chest, limbs and trunk, and the fever, fatigue, nausea was continued, and a new symptom of paroxysmal pain in back of ears and orbits appeared, during which he had not go to hospital. The symptoms relieved on February 4th. He returned to Ganxian County on February 5th, he had yellow stool 3 times with normal temperature, without abdominal pain, and red rash still appeared in the neck. He went to Ganxian People's Hospital on February 6th, 2016. ② Clinical manifestation: the vital signs showed a temperature of 36.8 ℃, a pulse rate of 80 bpm, a respiratory rate of 20 bpm, and a blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa). It was showed by physical examination that red rash appeared in the neck, and no superficial enlarged lymph nodes were found. Bilateral conjunctival congestion was obvious, physiological reflex existed and pathological reflex was not found. ③ Auxiliary lab test and examination: no abnormal finding were revealed throughout examination and laboratory tests, including routine blood test, liver function, renal function, serum myocardial enzyme, electrolyte, blood sugar, C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin I (TnI), and procalcitonin (PCT), except slight prolongation in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT, 38.6 s) on February 6th; and slightly dense shadow in left lung in lung CT scan, considering inflammatory changes and slight emphysema (especially in the left lower lung) as well as bilateral renal calculus on February 8th. No significant abnormalities were found in electrocardiogram and B ultrasound test of liver, spleen, and pancreas. ④ Virus confirmation: Zika virus nucleic acid was positive reported by Jiangxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on February 7th and Chinese CDC on February 9th, respectively, though Dengue virus were negative reported by Ganzhou CDC on February 6th. Right after the first diagnosis, anyone who had been in close contact with the patient received medical monitoring. ⑤Treatment process: on February 6th, symptomatic treatment was prescribed since admitted into the infectious isolation wards and daily intravenous drip of Xiyanping injection 250 mg was prescribed for antiviral therapy. On February 7th, the patient had no fever, with occasional chills, neck rash was disappeared, orbital pain relieved and bilateral conjunctival hyperemia range was paler and narrowed, and his condition improved. Ibuprofen was administered for defervesce 3 times a day when his temperature reached to 37.5 ℃ at 16:00. On February 8th, the patient had no fever, times of chills was significantly reduced, without myalgia and rash, orbital pain and conjunctival hyperemia further recovered. On February 9th, bilateral eyes slightly tingling, mild conjunctival congestion, no fever chills or other discomfort was found. The chloramphenicol eye drops was prescribed for relieving sting pain with conjunctival congestion twice a day as recombinant human interferon alpha eye drops was out of store. The patient was comfortable from February 11th to February 13th. Blood and urine test for Zika were reported negative by the Chinese CDC and Jiangxi Province CDC. Because all the discharge criteria were satisfied, the patient was discharged on February 14th. Conclusions At present, there is no specific effective drug to prevent and treat Zika virus disease effectually. After receiving symptomatic treatment and antiviral treatments including Xiyanping injection, the patient's symptoms were relieved. Zika virus nucleic acid in blood and urine was negative. The patient was discharged. Combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine maybe a good method to prevent and treat Zika virus disease.