Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) is a major causative agent of hand,foot and mouth disease.Children infection with HEV71 can lead to series of neurological complications including aseptic meningitis,cerebral ataxia and even fatal outcomes.During recent decades,epidemic of hand,foot and mouth disease have occurred in many countries and regions in the world,which has become a major public health problem for children's health.There are no specific antiviral drugs for HEV71 infection,so it is necessary to develop safe and effective vaccine.In recent years,the research on HEV71 vaccine has made a breakthrough,and this article reviews the research progress of the vaccine.

The apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated 1(AIFM1)gene encodes an apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)protein with apoptosis and redox function.AIF is widely expressed within cells in human tissues, and playing an important role in the mitochondria.Mutations in the AIFM1 gene are associated with severe X-linked mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, Cowchock syndrome, X-linked spondyloepimeta-physeal dysplasia with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, auditory neuropathy and other diseases.AIFM1 gene mutations exhibit a wide range of clinical phenotypes, but the pathogenesis between mutations and phenotypes and phenotypic severity remains unclear.This paper summarizes the reported AIFM1 mutation-related loci, phenotypes, and possible pathogenesis mechanisms, and provide a brief review of AIFM1 mutation-related diseases and their progression.