Objective To investigate the anti-apoptotic function of clusterin in LNCaP cell line and the role of clusterin antisense oligodcoxynucleotide(AS-ODN)in TNF-?-induced death of LNCaP cell. Methods The wild type LNCaP(group L),LNCaP transfected with the control vector(group M),LNCaP transfected with full-length clusterin expression vector(group A,ie,study group)were cultured.For the de- tection of cytotoxic effect of TNF-?,MTT and ELISA methods were used to determine the cell proliferation and apoptosis of the 3 clones,and the changes of proliferation and apoptosis in A cell after transfection of clusterin AS-ODN were also assessed.Results MTT method showed that the cell proliferation activity(A value)of groups L,M,and A were 0.84?0.03,0.85?0.04,0.95?0.03,respectively;the difference be- tween groups L and M was not significant(P＞0.05);but compared with group A the cell proliferation activ- ity was significantly lower in groups L and M(P＜0.01 for both).ELISA resuhs showed that the A values of groups L,M,and A were 0.59?0.04,0.62?0.03,0.33?0.04,respectively;the difference between groups L and M was not significant(P＞0.05);but compared with group A,the apoptosis rates were significantly higher in groups L and M(P＜0.01 for both).In group A,A values of cell proliferation activity in subgroups control,AS-ODN,TNF-?,TNF-?+AS-ODN were 1.30?0.03,1.25?0.03,0.99?0.03,0.80?0.03, respectively;the differences between each group were significant(P＜0.05 for all).And the A values of cell apoptosis in the above 4 groups were 0.02?0.00,0.21?0.02,0.63?0.07,1.16?0.04,respectively,the differences between each group were significant(P＜0.01 for all).Conclusions Stable transfection and subsequent expression of clusterin result in resistance to the cytotoxic effect of TNF-?.Transfection with clus- terin AS-ODN enhances cytotoxic effect of TNF-?in A cells.These results suggest that clusterin plays an im- portant role in anti-apoptotic function in LNCaP cell line.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of zinc ribbon domain-containing1 (ZNRD1) in human renal cell carcinoma and normal kidney tissues.

METHODSThe expression of ZNRD1 protein was examined by immunohistochemical staining in 71 renal cell carcinomas and 24 samples of normal kidney tissue. The correlation between the expressions of ZNRD1 protein and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. The expression of ZNRD1 mRNA and ZNRD1 protein was detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR) and Western blot in 20 renal cell carcinomas and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues.

RESULTSZNRD1 protein was detected mostly in the cell nuclei by immunohistochemistry. The positive expression rate of ZNRD1 protein was 91.7% (22/24) in renal cell carcinomas and 20.8% (5/24) in the normal kidney tissues, with a statistically significant difference between cancer and normal kidney tissue (P < 0.01). However, no significant correlation was observed between ZNRD1 protein expression level and clinicopathologic features (P > 0.05). ZNRD1 mRNA expression level was significantly higher in renal cell carcinomas (0.6186) than that in the normal kidney tissues (0.4273) assessed by RT-PCR (P < 0.01). The expression level of ZNRD1 protein by Western blot was 0.5623 in renal cell carcinomas, significantly higher than that in normal kidney tissues (0.3885, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZNRD1 gene and ZNRD1 protein may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of renal cell carcinoma. Further investigation is still needed.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo analyse the clinicopathological features and discuss the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of primary ureteral carcinoma.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy four cases of primary ureteral carcinoma diagnosed pathologically between January 1971 and July 2002 in our institution were followed up and retrospectively studied.

RESULTSThe incidence of primary ureteral carcinoma was increasing during the last 30 years. The mean age of occurrence was 63.7 years. The most useful methods of detecting tumors preoperatively were retrograde urogram, CT, magnetic resonance urography and ureteroscopy, with positive percentage of 87.8% (86/98), 96.0% (48/50), 95.8% (23/24), 87.0% (20/23) respectively. 131 (75.3%) cases underwent nephroureterectomy with a cuff of bladder. 171 (98.3%) cases were transitional cell carcinoma. T(a-2) and G(1, 2) tumors account for 70% of all respectively. The 5 year and 10 year survival rates were 53.1% (52/98) and 30.5% (18/59) respectively. The subsequent bladder cancer occurred in 38 cases (23.8%), and the subsequent contralateral ureteral carcinoma occurred in 6 cases (3.8%).

CONCLUSIONSThe prognosis of primary ureteral carcinoma is poor. Tumor stage and grade are both the prognostic factors. Precise preoperative diagnosis and more effective adjuvant therapy may improve the prognosis.

Adult ; Age of Onset ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Ureteral Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate and improve the diagnosis and surgical treatment of the retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF).

METHODSThe medical records of 26 patients with the RPF (21 men and 5 women with mean age 54 years) were analyzed retrospectively. They were been treated from January 1996 to May 2007. Fourteen cases received double-J inter-ureter drainage or pricking pyelostomy and 9 of 15 cases who received open surgery were performed bilateral ureterolysis with their ureters translocated intraperitoneally.

RESULTSFor masses in retroperitoneal space, the diagnostic rate of B mode ultrasonography, CT and MRI was 12% (3/26), 86% (18/21) and 57% (8/14) respectively. The patients were followed up from 1 to 106 months. After drained by double-J inter-ureter stent or pricking pyelostomy, the mean serum creatinine level decreased from 373.9 micromol/L to 157.1 micromol/L of 14 patients. Those patients who underwent ureterolysis with ureteral intraperitoneal translocation had good results and their mean serum creatinine level decreased from 171.0 micromol/L before operation to 139.6 micromol/L after operation. Four patients had normal B-ultrasound and intravenous urogram findings with at least 24 months of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSCT scan has better accuracy for diagnosis of the RPF than B mode ultrasonography and MRI. Prompt and appropriate relief of urinary obstruction with surgical intervention can effectively protect the renal function in patients with the RPF, and the ureterolysis with ureteral intraperitoneal translocation is an effective surgical procedure to treat this disease.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retroperitoneal Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the method of predicting the stage of prostate cancer with serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and pathological grade.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty-seven patients were studied retrospectively with prostate cancer diagnosed by systemic biopsy in our hospital. The rank correlation analysis, rank sum test and stepwise discriminant multivariate analysis were used to assess the correlation of serum PSA level, ratio of free PSA to total PSA (FPSA/TPSA ratio) with Gleason score (GS) and stage.

RESULTSSerum PSA level increased with GS for prostate cancer patients (r = 0.369, P < 0.001). With increasing stage, serum PSA level and GS increased (r = 0.398, 0.530, P < 0.001). Overall, FPSA/TPSA ratio was not correlated with stage (P > 0.70), but a significant negative correlation was demonstrated between them when serum PSA < or = 10 microg/L (r = -0.600, P < 0.05). When serum PSA > 20 microg/L, 67% - 87% patients with prostate cancer may be stage C or D. The equation using serum PSA and GS to predict the stage of patients with prostate cancer was: x = -3.488 + 0.041 x PSA + 0.428 x GS.

CONCLUSIONSSerum PSA level is positively correlated with GS for prostate cancer patients. Serum PSA level and GS are positively correlated with stage. A negative correlation between FPSA/TPSA ratio and stage is demonstrated when serum PSA < or = 10 microg/L. The combination of serum PSA and GS may predict the stage of patients with prostate cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

We aim to reassess the safety of the monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP) without suprapubic cystostomy at our institution over the past decade. This retrospective study was conducted in patients who underwent M-TURP at Peking University First Hospital between 2003 and 2013. A total of 1680 patients who had undergone M-TURP were identified, including 539 patients in the noncystostomy group and 1141 patients in the cystostomy group. After propensity score matching, the number of patients in each group was 456. Smaller reductions in hemoglobin and hematocrit (10.9 g vs 17.6 g and 3.6% vs 4.7%, respectively) were found in the noncystostomy group. In addition, patients undergoing surgery without cystostomy had their catheters removed earlier (4.6 days vs 5.2 days), required shorter postoperative stays in the hospital (5.1 days vs 6.0 days), and were at lower risk of operative complications (5.7% vs 9.2%), especially bleeding requiring blood transfusion (2.9% vs 6.1%). Similar findings were observed in cohorts of prostates of 30-80 ml and prostates >80 ml. Furthermore, among patients with a resection weight >42.5 g or surgical time >90 min, or even propensity-matched patients based on surgical time, those with cystostomy seemed to be at a higher risk of operative complications. These results suggest that M-TURP without suprapubic cystostomy is a safe and effective method, even among patients with larger prostates, heavier estimated resection weights, and longer surgical times.
Aged ; Blood Transfusion ; Cystostomy/methods* ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/analysis* ; Hemorrhage/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; Propensity Score ; Prostatectomy/methods* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate/methods* ; Treatment Outcome