Fungal keratitis is a corneal disease caused by fungal infection with high possibility of blindness,and the morbidity is being higher year by year.Both native immune and adaptive immune are included during antifungi process in which the fungi is killed by native immune especially by neutrophil.The neutrophil kill the fungi not only by oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent way but also by the neutrophil extracellular traps which is discovered in recent years.The enzyme and reactive oxygen species(ROS) released by the neutrophil are included in the process of fungi killing.But those materials can cause tissue damage which may cause the scar or even corneal perforation.This review mainly focused on the mechanism how the neutrophil kill fungi and cause tissue damage.

Objective:To investigate the drug resistance and genotypes of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase(ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in our hospital.Methods:257 strains of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were isolated from clinical specimens in our hospital from Sept.2002 to Oct.2003.Sixty-three strains of ESBLs-producing isolates were detected by phenotypic confirmatory test according to NCCLS M100-S9.The susceptibility test of them to the antibiotics were detected with Bio-Merieux ATB G-5.The SHV-type,TEM-type,CTX-M-type encoding genes were amplified by PCR.Results:The resistant rates of the 63 strains to IMP,MERO,CXT,FEP,CAZ,AKN,CTX and CIP were 1.6%,1.6%,38.1%,39.7%,46.0%,55.6%,63.5% and 95.2%,repectively.The rates of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria carrying SHV-type,TEM-type,CTX-M-type ESBLs were 84.1%,47.6% and 25.4%,repectively.Conclusion:Multidrug resistance of the ESBLs-producing strains in our hospital is obvious.IMP and MERO are still the best choices for treatment of the infections caused by ESBLs-producing bacteria.Most of the ESBLs-producing strains carry SHV-type.CTX-M-type ?-lactamase exists prevalently in our hospital.

Objective:To study the mechanisms of imipenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods:Drug resistance of 69 isolates of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(IRPA)were tested by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method;IMP and VIM genes of metallo-?-lactamases,and outer membrane protein D2(OprD2)gene of IRPA were detected and analyzed by PCR method.Results: All 69 isolates were multidrug resistant,and the sensitivity rates of AMK,CFS and FEP were highe.The positive rates for IMP gene and VIM gene were 2.9%(2/69)and 5.8%(4/69),respectively.46 of 69(66.7%)isolates presented with deletion for OprD2 gene. Conclusion:The drug resistance of IRPA is a serious issue.The deletion mutation of OprD2 gene is one of important mechanisms of imipenem resistance in these tested P.aeruginosa isolates.

Objective The high quality RNA from the plantlet of Dendrobium candidum was isolated efficiently.It laid a foundation to study the mechanism of molecular expression on its growth and metabolism under environmental stress.Methods The groups stimulated by sound wave and the control groups were established.Total RNA was prepared by a modified phenol-chloroform method.The content was determined by a spectrophotometer.The integrity of RNA was detected by electrophoresis with 1.0% denatured agarose gel.The total RNA obtained was amplified by RT-PCR.The differential cDNA bands were displayed on 6% denatured polyacrylamide gel by electrophoresis and silver staining.Results The ratios of total RNA A_(260)/A_(230) and A_(260)/A_(280) were 3.16 and 1.96,respectively.The yield was 0.27 ?g/mg fresh weight.The bands were clear on agarose gel and the integrity of RNA was good.The differential cDNA bands were screened with molecular weight of 240—600 bp.Conclusion The method of modified phenol-chloroform can be used to isolate RNA from D.candidium with high quality and high yield.

0.05);the grasping ability of the operation group on the 7th and 14th after operation is more significant than the one of the fist day before operation(P0.05). Conclusion:The "staircase test" can evaluate the forelimb independent reaching ability of the rat model with focal cerebral ischemia effectively and simply,it also is credible parameter index for the forelimb reaching ability of rat model with focal cerebral ischemia and one of methodology for researching intervening rats model with focal cerebral ischemia by experiment for resumption.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of fluxetine and paroxetine in the treatment of depressive disorders.METHODS:The clinical data of fluxetine and paroxetine in the treatment of depressive disorders were collected by evidence-based medicine method and which were evaluated by cost-effectiveness analysis in pharmacoeconomics.RESULTS:The cure rates of fluxetine and paroxetine in the treatment of depressive disorders were36.30%and58.73%,respectively,and the cost-effectiveness ratios of which were14.13and9.73,respectively.The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the latter vs.the former was2.60.CONCLUSION:The cost-effectiveness of paroxetine is superior to fluxetine in the treatment of depressive disorders.

0.05,OR=1.04,95%CI(0.80～1.35)).The incidences of adverse reactions such as muscle tension gain,akathisia,tremor,weight gain,menstrual change and galactorrhea in risperidone group were significantly higher than in aripiprazole group(?2=14.96～65.37,P

BACKGROUND:With the help of computer aided analysis technique, the prediction and analysis of the surgical treatment and rehabilitation of patients with femoral necrosis, which can realize the scientific operation and recovery of the patients after surgery, is a hot research topic in the field of international related research. OBJECTIVE:By studying the force deformation and stress distribution, fracture risk, and Interface’s biomechanical properties of the femoral head in different core decompression materials, we can provide the basis for choosing the appropriate core decompression material. METHODS:Based on nuclear magnetic resonance imaging images of six patients with different ages, the three-dimensional model and finite element analysis model were established, and the physiological load and four different types of materials (Actifuse, BioOss, Osteoset, Prodense) were set up. Finite element analysis software AnsysWorkbench was used to analyze the performance of the femur. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The maximum stress distribution law of the femur in the work process was obtained. With the increase of the Young’s modulus of the material, the maximum normal stress of the femoral necrosis region was decreased, but the biomechanical properties of the joint surface, such as sliding distance, friction stress and pressure, are increased. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the biomechanical properties of the fracture risk and the junction, a suitable core decompression material (Osteoset) is recommended.

Humans ; Mandibular Advancement ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; surgery

Objective To explore the role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis(AP)and to (investigate) the effect of ligustrazin(LGT) on the apoptosis in acute pancreatitis .Methods Experimental animals were divided into three groups randomly: (1) AP group, (2) comparison group,and (3) therapy group. Pathologic score and TUNEL method were used to detect the pathologic mophology of pancreatic tissue and the pancreatic cell apoptosis index in the 3 groups. Results In the early stage of AP,the majority of cells are apototic and the degree of AP is slight.In the late stage of AP,the majority of cells show necrosis,and the degree of AP is severe.The (induction) of cell apoptosis can lessen the pathologic state of AP. Conclusions The degree of pathologic changes in AP can be lessened by the induction of cell apoptosis,but there is a definte time limit.