Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing carcinoma which microscopically mimics hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare entity known as hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HC). They usually arise in the stomach, while oesophageal origin is only occasionally encountered. This tumour is highly aggressive and is associated with a poor prognosis. They frequently metastasise to the liver, thus giving rise to diagnostic difficulty, especially in cases where simultaneous oesophageal and liver mass are present. We reported a case of oesophageal hepatoid carcinoma with multiple liver metastasis, that was associated with an increased serum AFP. The distinction between HCC and HC is important because HC is more aggressive and has a poorer prognosis with limited therapeutic options. An extensive diagnostic work-up which include a thorough clinical history, radiological investigations (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) as well as tissue biopsy supported by a panel of immunohistochemical markers are necessary to aid in the diagnosis of HC.
Hepatoid carcinoma ; oesophageal cancer

A patient with underlying rectosigmoid cancer presented with solitary bone lesion at left tibia. Eventhough, solitary bone metastasis particularly in the appendicular skeleton is rare in rectosigmoid cancer, it remained as the most likely initial diagnosis. However, after further characterisation by various imaging modalities and subsequent biopsy, the lesion proved to be an osteofibrous dysplasia like-adamantinoma (OFD-like adamantinoma), which is a subtype of adamantinoma. Being a rare primary bone tumour, adamantinoma and its subtypes are infrequently thought of in the initial working diagnosis of a patient with known malignancy who presents with solitary bone lesion. We present here a case of OFD-like adamantinoma in a patient with underlying rectosigmoid cancer, which mimic a metastastic bone lesion.

Discordant lymphoma (DL) is the coexistence of two or more distinct subtypes in separate anatomic sites. There are limited reports on DL cases especially involving more than two subtypes in more than two sites. We report a 76-year-old man who presented with constitutional symptoms, flank mass and painless lymphadenopathies for six months. Laboratory tests revealed moderate anaemia, markedly elevated serum IgM (13400 mg/dL), IgM Lambda paraproteinemia and Lambda light chain paraproteinuria with unmeasurable serum lactate dehydrogenase due to hyperviscous sample. CT scan showed multiple subcutaneous masses over chest wall and retroperitoneum, with lytic bone lesions, and hepatosplenomegaly. Further biopsy findings with morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of the tissue sections revealed diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma in the chest wall mass, follicular lymphoma in the inguinal lymph node and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma in the bone marrow. This case highlights the rare DL. The importance of histopathological evaluation of lymphoma despite the availability of PET-CT scans for disease staging is undeniable.